Diabstraksikan dan dihimpun : Nur WPM, Ardy W.S. dan Soemarno, pslp-ppsub 2012.

Presentasi berjudul: "Diabstraksikan dan dihimpun : Nur WPM, Ardy W.S. dan Soemarno, pslp-ppsub 2012."— Transcript presentasi:

1 Diabstraksikan dan dihimpun : Nur WPM, Ardy W.S. dan Soemarno, pslp-ppsub 2012

2 LAND DEVELOPMENT As our population increases and available land becomes more scarce, land development becomes increasingly challenging. There are more government regulations and impact fees today than ever before, plus a host of local restrictions that make development difficult. KONVERSI LAHAN SAWAH MENJADI KAWASAN PERUMAHAN BOYOLALI, 15/5 - KONVERSI LAHAN PERTANIAN. Foto udara kompleks perumahan di tengah lahan pertanian kawasan Ngesrep, Ngemplak, Boyolali, Jateng, Selasa (15/5). Data Badan Pertanahan Nasional menyatakan selama kurun waktu 30 tahun terakhir Indonesia sudah kehilangan sekitar 30 juta lahan pertanian akibat konversi menjadi pemukiman atau lahan non pertanian. FOTO ANTARA/Andika Betha/mes/12. 15/5/2012 16:20 DIUNDUH DARI: http://www.antarafoto.com/bisnis/v1337073613/konversi-lahan-pertanian

3 LAND DEVELOPMENT Definition Conversion of raw land into construction ready housing, commercial, or industrial building sites. Land development process involves improvements that have indefinite life, such as draining, dredging, excavating, filling, grading, paving, etc. Land development refers to altering the landscape in any number of ways such as: 1.Changing landforms from a natural or semi-natural state for a purpose such as agriculture or housing 2.Subdividing real estate into lots, typically for the purpose of building homes 3.Developing property or changing its purpose, for example by converting an unused factory complex into condominiums. Diunduh dari sumber: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_development….. 1/11/2012

4 Raw land Land in its natural state, with no man- made improvements as cleaning, clearing, digging, filling, grading, etc.

5 Regulasi & Perijinan Pengembangan Lahan As the land development industry faces more development regulations and unwieldy approval procedures, ways of removing barriers are more important than ever. ANALISIS PENGEMBANGAN Development Analysis puts development prospects, and the development process itself, under the microscope, identifying exactly where enhancements and improvements can be introduced. These improvements aim to align with best design practice, political sensitivities, and the inevitable social requirements of a project, with the overarching objective of increasing land values and profit margins on behalf of the landowner or developer. Development Analysis can add significantly to the value of land and development, and as such is becoming a crucial weapon in the landowners and the developer's armoury. Diunduh dari sumber: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_development….. 1/11/2012

6 Green & Sustainable Development The growing trend towards green and sustainable development offers many opportunities for builders and land developers. Learn more about the issues, challenges, and solutions. NILAI LAHAN Land value is highly sensitive to issues such as supply and demand (for the end product), build costs, Planning and affordable housing contributions, and alike. Conversely, understanding and enhancing the effect of value 'drivers' will have an equally positive effect. Therefore, understanding the intricacies of the development system, can equate to massive differences in the landowners sale value. If development analysis is left to the developer however, then it will be he, and not the landowner, who will receive all of the betterment. Diunduh dari sumber: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_development….. 1/11/2012

7 Growth / No Growth While most people see Smart Growth and growth management as legitimate ways to help communities make sound decisions about growth, some see it as a way to limit growth. Learn more about the growth debate here. MANAJEMEN LAHAN Land management is the process of managing the use and development (in both urban and rural settings) of land resources. Land resources are used for a variety of purposes which may include organic agriculture, reforestation, water resource management and eco-tourism projects. Diunduh dari sumber: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_management….. 1/11/2012

8 The term sustainable land management is used in soil and environmental protection, in preservation of ecosystem services and mineral extraction. Sustainable is also used in property and estate management as well as regional planning. Strictly speaking (in a wider /opposite context) the term “sustainable land management” is applied in forestry (this is where it comes from originally), agriculture, land surveying and in combination with land use management. Diunduh dari sumber: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_land_management….. 1/11/2012 SLM: SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT “Land management is the process by which the resources of land are put to good effect. It covers all activities concerned with the management of land as a resource both from an environmental and from an economic perspective. It can include farming, mineral extraction, property and estate management, and the physical planning of towns and the countryside.”

9 “SLM is defined as a knowledge- based procedure that helps integrate land, water, biodiversity, and environmental management (including input and output externalities) to meet rising food and fiber demands while sustaining ecosystem services and livelihoods. SLM is necessary to meet the requirements of a growing population. Improper land management can lead to land degradation and a significant reduction in the productive and service (biodiversity niches, hydrology, carbon sequestration) functions of watersheds and landscapes. Diunduh dari sumber: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_land_management….. 1/11/2012 SLM: SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT The World Bank defines Sustainable Land Management as a process in a charged environment between environmental protection and the guarantee claim of ecosystem services on the one hand. On the other hand it is about productivity of agriculture and forestry with respect to demographic growth and increasing pressure in land use.

10 Preparation of Resettlement Action Plan for Irrigation and Drainage Schemes The Government of Ethiopia is preparing an Ethiopian Nile Irrigation and Drainage Project that will provide 20,000ha of new irrigated agricultural land. The irrigation schemes for development are Megech Pump and Ribb. The Megech Pump development involves pumped irrigation from Lake Tana for 5,000ha of land. The Ribb scheme involves irrigation of 15,000ha from the Ribb River with water stored in the upstream Ribb Dam reservoir. As a result of the projects, local inhabitants will be displaced. To address this, the Government is ensuring that displaced people can participate as ‘equal partners’ and can improve their standard of living. SMEC is preparing Resettlement Action Plans. SMEC’s services include: preparation of socio-economic surveys, preparation of resettlement and rehabilitation frameworks, preparation of land acquisition plans and development of detailed budgets for the implementation and management of the Resettlement Action Plan.

11 Pengembangan dan pengelolaan Jaringan Irigasi, Rawa dan Jaringan Pengairan Diunduh dari sumber: http://dinaspupelalawan.webs.com/bidpengairan.htm…… 1/11/2012 Pengembangan lahan irigasi: 1.Perencanaan pembangunan jaringan irigasi, 2.Pembangunan jaringan air bersih/air minum, 3.Perencanaan pembangunan reservoir, 4.Perencanaan Pembangunan pintu air, 5.Perencanaan normalisasi saluran sungai, 6.Pembangunan jaringan air bersih, 7.Pembangunan reservoir, 8.Pembangunan pintu air, 9.Pelaksanaan normalisasi saluran sungai, 10.Rehabilitasi/pemeliharaan jaringan irigasi, 11.Rehabilitasi/pemeliharaan jaringan air bersih/air minum, reservoir, pintu air, normalisasi saluran sungai, 12.Rehabilitasi/pemeliharaan, jaringan irigasi yang telah dibangun, petani pemakai air, 13.Monotoring, evaluasi dan pelaporan.

12 Pengendalian Banjir.… Pengembangan Lahan: Kontrol Banjir 1.Pembangunan Reservoir pengendali banjir, 2.Rehabilitasi/pemeliharaan reservoir pengendali banjir, 3.Rehabilitasi/pemeliharaan bantaran dan tanggul sungai, 4.Pengembangan pengelolaan daerah rawa dalam rangka pengendali banjir, 5.Peningkatan partisipasi masyarakat dalam penaggulangan banjir, 6.Mengendalikan banjir pada daerah tangkapan air dan badan-badan sungai, 7.Peningkatan pembersihan dan pengerukan sungai/kali, 8.Peningkatan pembangunan pusat-pusat pengendali banjir, 9.Pembangunan prasarana pengaman pantai, 10.Pembangunan tanggul pemecah ombak, 11.Monitoring,evaluasi dan pelaporan. Diunduh dari sumber: http://dinaspupelalawan.webs.com/bidpengairan.htm…… 1/11/2012

13 Bendungan dan Jaringan Irigasi Sebagai Pendukung Sektor Pertanian Diunduh dari sumber: http://www.kaltimprov.go.id/kaltim.php?page=detailberita&id=2727 …… 1/11/2012 Salah satu program yang menjadi unggulan bagi pemerintahan daerah adalah pengembangan pertanian dalam arti luas. Guna mendukung program itu tentunya harus didukung dengan berbagai sarana dan prasarana. Selain lahan, pengairan dalam bentuk irigasi menjadi faktor penentu keberhasilan program tersebut. Kaltim membangun beberapa bendungan yang berfungsi sebagai irigasi pertanian. Pembangunan bendungan untuk irigasi pertanian dan sawah menjadi sangat penting karena berdampak pada hajat hidup orang banyak. Beberapa waduk yang mendapat prioritas pembangunan di antaranya Waduk Lambakan di Kabupaten Pasir, Jaringan Irigasi Marangkayu di Kutai Kartanegara dan Bendungan Teritip di Kota Balikpapan. ] Pembangunan Waduk Lambakan, Kabupaten Paser, Pemprov Kaltim akan memanfaatkan untuk mengairi lebih dari 18 ribu hektar sawah dan lahan pertanian lainnya. Selain itu, waduk ini juga berfungsi sebagai penanggulangan banjir untuk kawasan Longkali, Rawa Sebakung dan Muara Adang.

14 Rp 3 Miliar Untuk Kembangkan Jaringan irigasi Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Tengah Diunduh dari sumber: http://banjarmasin.tribunnews.com/2012/05/15/rp-3-miliar-untuk-kembangkan-jaringan-irigasi …… 1/11/2012 Dinas Pertanian, Tanaman Pangan dan Holtikultura (PTPH) Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Tengah mendapatkan alokasi dana APBN Rp 3 miliar untuk optimalisasi pertanian. Dana tersebut disalurkan melalui pemerintah provinsi ke kabupaten, yang langsung ditransfer ke rekening kelompok tani. Dana bantuan sosial tersebut penggunaannya untuk mengembangkan jaringan irigasi 1.000 hektare di sejumlah kecamatan, yaitu Batubenawa, Limpasu, Batangalai Selatan, Labuanamas Selatan dan Haruyan. Selain untuk irigasi, bansos digunakan untuk pengembangan sumber air, konservasi air antisipasi anomaly, dan pemeliharaan bendungan di Desa Cukanlipai dan Banuabatung.

15 Bantuan JITUT dan JIDES Terkendala Musim Hujan Di Purbalingga Diunduh dari sumber: http://www.tubasmedia.com/berita/bantuan-jitut-dan-jides-terkendala-musim-hujan/…… 1/11/2012 Sebanyak 17 kelompok tani dari empat kecamatan menerima bantuan Jaringan Irigasi Tingkat Usaha Tani (JITUT) dengan luas 3.000 hektar. Sebanyak 22 kelompok tani dari 10 kecamatan dengan luas 2.000 hektar menerima bantuan Jaringan Irigasi Desa (JIDES). Kedua bantuan jaringan itu di Kabupaten Purbalingga menelan dana Rp 4,1 milar yang dialokasikan dari APBN. Masing-masing kelompok tani mempersiapkan program dan rencana kerja termasuk jadwal pelaksanaan kegiatan. Dana sebanyak Rp 4,1 milar itu termasuk biaya desain gambar serta konsultasi karena yang terlibat di dalamnya lebih banyak masyarakat petani sendiri yang melakukan swakelola.

16 Sarana Jalan Usaha Tani Diunduh dari sumber: http://ngulirbudi.wordpress.com/category/uncategorized/…… 1/11/2012 Kelompok Tani Ngulir Budi mempunyai Jalan usaha Tani sebanyak 3 Buah yang rata rata sejauh 1 Km. Upaya memperbaiki jalan tersebut dilaksanakan secara bertahap karena keterbatasannya dana, diantaranya pada awal kegiatan ialah diadakan penebangan semua pohon yang berada di jalan diantara tujuannya agar jalannya lancar disamping itu agar pada musim tanam padi pohon tersebut tidak dijadikan tempat berlindung burung pemakan padi karena sudah menjadi kebiasaan ketika musim padi sedang berbuah maka banyak hama burung. Kegiatan dilaksanakan secara bergotong royong yang dananya diambilkan dari iuran para petani serta dari beberapa laba yang diperoleh dalam mengembangkan usaha kelompok tani

17 Jalan Usahatani dan produksi Diunduh dari sumber: http://desakebonpadangan.wordpress.com/2011/09/01/jalan-usahatani-dan-produksi/…… 1/11/2012 Desa Kebonpadangan : Iventarisasi jalan-jalan Produksi untuk tujuan Peningkatan mutu jalan untuk miningkatkan nilai jual hasil pertanian dan nilai lahan.

18 Pertanian Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura Diunduh dari sumber: http://bapeluh.blogspot.com/2011_11_01_archive.html…… 1/11/2012 Pembangunan infrastruktur pertanian menjadi prioritas utama Pemerintah Kabupaten Tanah Laut. Infrastruktur pertanian yang dibangun pada tahun 2010 diantaranya pembangunan jalan usaha tani (JUT) yang tersebar di beberapa kecamatan sepanjang 19.079 meter, pembangunan jalan produksi pangan sepanjang 3.672 meter, dan jalan produksi perkebunan 5.310 meter.

19 Pengembangan Lahan dan Air Untuk Mendukung Peningkatan Produksi Pangan Di Kalimantan Selatan Diunduh dari sumber: http://distan.kalselprov.go.id/2010/04/pengembangan-pengelolaan-lahan-dan-air-untuk- mendukung-peningkatan-produksi-pangan/…… 1/11/2012 Pengembangan Pengelolaan Lahan dan Air di Kalimantan Selatan terus dilakukan untuk mendukung peningkatan produksi pangan daerah dengan melakukan kegiatan-kegiatan yang dapat meningkatkan sarana dan prasarana seperti Optimasi Lahan. Lahan pertanian adalah salah satu faktor produksi yang sangat vital kerena lahan adalah merupakan media untuk tumbuhnya pertanaman. Banyaknya lahan – lahan yang selama ini belum di usahakan secara optimal, sehingga apabila diberikan sentuhan teknologi maka lahan di maksud dapat menghasilkan produksi yang cukup signifikan. Jalan Usaha Tani merupakan hal yang utama untk mendukung peningkatan produksi kerena dengan jalan usaha tani yang di buat dapat membuka lahan-lahan yang selama ini tidak begitu di usahakan oleh petani, kerena keterbatasan sarana jalan, serta dengan pembuatan jalan usaha tani mobilitas masyarakat lebih hidup dan berkembang kerena kemudahan akses jalan dalam pengangkutan hasil lebih cepat dan mudah.

20 Smarter Growth With our population growing and land resources limited, planning for future growth is more important than ever. That’s why Smarter Growth is essential. Pembangunan jembatan dapat mengarahkan perkembangan wilayah kota Foto. Marno-2011

21 Land Development Process (10 Critical Stages) 1. Identifying Your Mission 2. Research and Investment – Land Acquisition 3. Product Design 4. Product Approvals 5. Detailed Planning and Engineering Design 6. Development/Construction 7. Marketing 8. Land Sales 9. Financial Outcomes 10. Review Future Land Requirements. SUMBER: www.saskatoon.ca/.../PlanningDevelopment/.../BB_RickHowseCityofSas...‎

22 1.Generating a Profit 2.Facilitating Orderly Urban Development 3.Positive Influence on Availability and Price 4.Market Segments To Serve SUMBER: www.saskatoon.ca/.../PlanningDevelopment/.../BB_RickHowseCityofSas...‎.. Stage 1 - Identifying Your Mission

23 1. Is Land Acquisition a Viable Business Venture 2. Immediate Term 1-5 years 3. Long Term Land Banking 6-25 years 4. Considerations – Preparing a Business Case :  Land Costs – market appraisals  Environmental conditions (contamination and heritage aspects)  Servicing capacity, timing and costs  Other geophysical considerations  Understanding your market – short and long term SUMBER: www.saskatoon.ca/.../PlanningDevelopment/.../BB_RickHowseCityofSas...‎. Stage 2 - Research and Investment – Land Acquisition.

24 Regulatory environment (Federal, Provincial, MVA, Airport, Municipal) Timing of opportunities (including those of other developers) Adjacent land uses and transportation corridors Understanding community values and need for acceptance by the public Making sure that immediate term lands are positioned within Five Year Land Development Program of City and identified within Sector Plans Prepare Preliminary Concept Seek agreement with other land owners Prepare Initial Business Proforma Approval by Board of Directors Acquire lands Within 5 years of development commence moving of land holding into development stream SUMBER: www.saskatoon.ca/.../PlanningDevelopment/.../BB_RickHowseCityofSas...‎. Stage 2 - Research and Investment – Land Acquisition.

25 1.Understand your market (short and long term) 2.Geotechnical/topographic survey of lands 3.Prepare Preliminary Concept Plan 4.Agreement with other owners on land allocations and cost sharing 5.Public consultations as required 6.Estimate servicing costs, enhancements costs, cost of sales and revenues 7.Finalize concept plan and prepare business plan 8.Prepare Preliminary Marketing Strategy SUMBER: www.saskatoon.ca/.../PlanningDevelopment/.../BB_RickHowseCityofSas...‎. Stage 3 – Product Design.

26 1.Submit Concept Plan to approving authority 2.Receive preliminary comments from approving authority and other agencies 3.Discussions to resolve design and financial issues 4.Adjust Concept Plan and submit for Final Approval 5.Receive approval of Concept Plan (with or without conditions) SUMBER: www.saskatoon.ca/.../PlanningDevelopment/.../BB_RickHowseCityofSas...‎. Stage 4 - Product Approval Stage.

27 1.Finalize subdivision plan for first phase of development 2.Survey and Land Title registration 3.Proceed to get zoning approval (or land use compatibility agreements where applicable) 4.Detailed Engineering Design for area grading, roadways, buffer strips and berms required for separation and noise attenuation, underground storm water management, public lands and subdivision enhancements (entry signs, streetscape, etc.) 5.Finalize Business Plan for approval by Board 6. SUMBER: www.saskatoon.ca/.../PlanningDevelopment/.../BB_RickHowseCityofSas...‎. Stage 5 – Detailed Planning and Engineering Design.

28 1.Finalize engineering design of services and roadways 2.Award tenders for construction 3.Project Management 4.Project inspections and payment of invoices 5.Finalize pricing of land and conditions of sale SUMBER: www.saskatoon.ca/.../PlanningDevelopment/.../BB_RickHowseCityofSas...‎. Stage 6 – Land Development/Construction of Services and Amenities.

29 1.Reconfirm or adjust initial marketing strategy 2.Implement – Media, print and sales packages for customers; webpage (continual updating) SUMBER: www.saskatoon.ca/.../PlanningDevelopment/.../BB_RickHowseCityofSas...‎. Stage 7 – Marketing.

30 1.Notify Customers of public offering for sale of land 2.Award tenders for sale, or conduct lot draw and sale or direct offer for sale 3.Agreements for Sale and transfer of title to purchaser 4.Disbursement of proceeds from sale to accounts payable – balance to land development reserve. SUMBER: www.saskatoon.ca/.../PlanningDevelopment/.../BB_RickHowseCityofSas...‎. Stage 8 – Land Sales.

31 1.Review actual costs and revenues of each development phase in comparison with budget 2.Report Results to Board 3.Payment of Dividends – Distribution of Profits to Shareholders 4.Retain portion of earnings for re-investment in land acquisitions SUMBER: www.saskatoon.ca/.../PlanningDevelopment/.../BB_RickHowseCityofSas...‎. Stage 9 – Financial Outcome.

32 1.Five year review 2.Identify shortfalls and surplus 3.Identify emerging opportunities 4.Start the Land Development Process again SUMBER: www.saskatoon.ca/.../PlanningDevelopment/.../BB_RickHowseCityofSas...‎. Stage 10 – Review Future Land Requirements.

33 SUMBER: www.saskatoon.ca/.../PlanningDevelopment/.../BB_RickHowseCityofSas...‎.Proses Pengembangan Lahan – Nilai Tambah pada Lahan

34 Proses pembangunan properti dapat dibagi menjadi tahap utama berikut: 1.Inisiasi 2.Evaluasi 3.Perolehan 4.Desain dan biaya 5.Izin 6.Komitmen 7.Implementasi 8.Silahkan / mengelola / membuang SUMBER:: moodle.unitec.ac.nz/...php/.../Property%20development%20process.pdf‎‎.PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT.

35 KETERJANGKAUAN PERUMAHAN The recent economic downturn has had a silver lining lower housing prices. Many homeowners continue to struggle with the cost of housing and remain priced out of some markets. Learn the facts about housing affordability issues and solutions. Biaya investasi untuk suatu bangunan (konstruksi) dibedakan atas biaya konstruksi (construction), biaya non-konstruksi (non-construction), dan biaya daur hidup (life-cycle). Diunduh dari sumber: http://ilustri.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=67:estimasi- biaya&catid=37:know-how&Itemid=2 ….. 1/11/2012

36 Foto. smno-2011 Kenyamanan lingkungan udara dan keindahan “view” menjadi faktor hedonik dalam property pricing.

37 A house is a home, building or structure that is a dwelling or place for habitation by human beings. The term includes many kinds of dwellings ranging from rudimentary huts of nomadic tribes to free standing individual structures. In some contexts, "house" may mean the same as dwelling, residence, home, abode, lodging, accommodation, or housing, among other meanings. The social unit that lives in a house is known as a household.

38 Land development : Campuss green openspace Diunduh dari sumber: http://www.pennconnects.upenn.edu/growing_greener/growing_greener.php…… 1/11/2012 Growing Greener: University of Pennsylvania The Penn Univ. plan recommends a sustainable approach to development, with a particular focus on the opportunities available in the east expansion area. Specific recommendations include: 1.a long-term plan for carbon reduction 2.high-performance buildings to reduce energy consumption 3.smart land use planning and increased open space 4.enhanced transportation 5.mitigating storm water issues 6.improving recycling practices

39 Pengembangan lahan adalah setiap perubahan karakteristik lahan. Hal ini dapat terjadi melalui pembangunan kembali, konstruksi, pembagian lahan menjadi paket-paket untuk dijual, disewakan atau menyewakan, atau kompleks kondominium, kompleks apartemen, taman komersial, pusat perbelanjaan, dan taman industri. Pembangunan rumah atau bangunan lain untuk dijual, disewakan atau kombinasinya, dan karakteristik sewa juga dianggap sebagai pengembangan lahan; namun, renovasi, perluasan atau peningkatan vertikal bangunan yang sudah ada tidak dianggap sebagai pengembangan lahan. …Type of land development... SUMBER: www.horrycounty.org/Portals/0/Docs/CodeEnforcement/.../LandDev.pdf‎

40 Ada empat (4) jenis pengembangan lahan: Major (besar), Minor (kecil), kelompok, dan regional. Pengembangan Major adalah: Pembagian lahan yang terdiri dari lebih sepuluh (10) lot, proyek “rent” atau “lease” lebih dari 10 lot / unit; pembangunan rumah untuk disewakan atau dikontrakkan lebih dari 10 lot (juga dikenal sebagai taman rumah yang mobile), dan pembangunan yang melibatkan penciptaan atau perpanjangan setiap jalan privat melebihi 1800 feet atau penciptaan jalan umum yang baru. …Type of land development... SUMBER: www.horrycounty.org/Portals/0/Docs/CodeEnforcement/.../LandDev.pdf‎

41 Perkembangan Minor adalah: Pembagian lahan atau pembangunan rumah untuk sewa / kontrak yang terdiri dari sepuluh (10) unit atau lebih sedikit. Pembangunan rumah sewa / kontrak 10 unit atau kurang, atau pengembangan pusat-pusat komersial, industri atau kantor yang menghasilkan rata-rata antara 1.000 dan 5.000 ADT (perjalanan rata-rata harian). …Type of land development... SUMBER: www.horrycounty.org/Portals/0/Docs/CodeEnforcement/.../LandDev.pdf‎

42 Pengembangan kelompok adalah: Proyek multi-keluarga yang terdiri dari unit-unit sewa atau kontrak di beberapa bangunan pada sebidang kawasan properti, kompleks kantor di mana unit-unit ganda terletak pada satu bangunan tunggal atau pada kawasan properti, kompleks komersial, atau taman industri. …Type of land development... SUMBER: www.horrycounty.org/Portals/0/Docs/CodeEnforcement/.../LandDev.pdf‎

43 Pengembangan regional adalah: Semua jenis pembangunan yang menghasilkan lebih dari 5.000 ADT (perjalanan rata-rata harian). Pembangunan ini dapat mencakup subdivisi, proyek multi-keluarga, pusat perbelanjaan atau mal, kompleks kantor, atau taman industri, dll. …Type of land development... SUMBER: www.horrycounty.org/Portals/0/Docs/CodeEnforcement/.../LandDev.pdf‎