PENDEKATAN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PSSI

Presentasi berjudul: "PENDEKATAN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PSSI"— Transcript presentasi:

1 PENDEKATAN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PSSI

2 Session Objectives To understand various approaches in developing SPIS
To understand the use of various methods, techniques, processes, and procedures in those approaches To understand various SPIS implementation in many areas

3 Session Agenda The meaning of: Approach, Methodology, Method, and Technique in SPIS Critiques to SPIS Methodologies Various SPIS Methodologies The Use of Methods, Techniques, Process, and Procedures in a Methodology

4 The meaning of: Approach, Methodology, Method, and Technique in SPIS
Approach: Ideas or actions intended to deal with a problem or situation; "his approach to every problem is to draw up a list of pros and cons"; Methodology: A formalized approach of doing something, applied to a specific branch of knowledge. Method: a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps) Technique: The systematic procedure by which a complex or scientific task is accomplished. Techniques and methods are used in a methodology (part of methodology)

5 Critiques to SPIS Methodology
Inefficiency of IT investment has been recognized the blame goes to lack of SPIS IT manager alone can not established the SPIS, hence a more comprehensive IT plan is needed The coverage of SPIS methodology Inconsistency of SPIS methodology due to various natures of organization, etc. Lack of agreed depthness of SPIS Lack of agreed organization coverage for SPIS

6 Various business areas where SPIS is needed
Education Industry Fast moving industry due to globalization Competitors are going global Various products and services Complex internal business processes Manufacturing Industry Supply-chain management Customer Management Robust production, accounting, and marketing systems Tourism Industry Improve customer services Improve images (security, coordination, etc) Involve a lot of stakeholders (travel agent, restaurant, hotels, etc) Much more….

7 Different Nature of Various Business Areas That Leads to Different SPIS Settings
Characteristics of each organization may be differ in nature Size of the organizations are varies in term of number of employees, number of division, and length of hierarchy, etc. Specificity core business of each organization Corporate culture or value system of an organization may be unique Environmental setting is different Internal and external forces may differ among organizations Etc.

8 Various SPIS Methodologies
1. Ward dan Peppard 2. James Martin 3. Be Vissta Planning 4. Tozer 5. Wetherbe 6. Josip Brumec

9 Characteristics of A Methodology
Different methodology may have different approach (different steps) Each methodology may stressed one or more certain aspects whilst other stressed one or more different aspects Each methodology may employ different method, technique, process, procedure, tools, etc Certain methodology may be more suitable in one organization as compare to other organization. (Why?) Certain organization may need a modified methodology of SPIS to be employed.

10 Ward & Peppard’s Methodology
IS/IT Management Strategy IT Business IS Strategy IS/IT STRATEGY PROCESS External IS/IT Environment External Business Environment Internal Business Environment Internal IS/IT Environment Current Application Portfolio Future Application Portfolio

11 James Martin’s Methodology
1. Tinjauan Model Perusahaan 2. Analisis Strategi Bisnis 3. Analisis Sasaran dan Masalah 4. Analisis CSF 5. Analisis Dampak Teknologi 6. Pandangan Strategis Sistem 7. Evaluasi Sistem Saat ini TAHAP ANALISIS 1. Pembuatan Arsitektur Informasi 2. Pembuatan Matriks Fungsional 3. Pembuatan Jaringan Infrastruktur & aturan 4. Pembuatan ERD TAHAP PERANCANGAN

12 Be Vissta Planning Methodology
DETERMINE BUSINESS and INFORMATIONS NEEDS Pre renstra, Identifikasi informasi organisasi, Analisis internal/eksternal bisnis organisasi, Analisis internal/eksternal S/TI organisasi DEFINE IS TARGETS Identifikasi: Masalah & solusi bisnis internal, Peluang bisnis dari eksternal organisasi, Pemanfaatan S/TI dari lingkungan eksternal organisasi, Analisis GAP Kebutuhan Informasi, Membuat: Landasan kebijakan S/TI, Strategi S/TI, Prinsip dasar / landasan bagi operasional strategi S/TI, Strategi manjemen S/TI DEFINE and SELECT IS STRATEGY Menggali value bisnis, Prioritas dan pemilihan strategi S/TI, Pendetilan strategi S/TI DEVELOP IMPLEMENTATION PLAN Membuat Rencana Pendukung Strategi S/TI, Pembuatan Jadwal Waktu Kerja, Pembuatan Rencana Pelaksanaan

13 Memenuhi Kebutuhan Bisnis
Tozer’s Methodology FASE-1 : Menentukan Informasi Bisnis & Kebutuhan Pendukung Persiapan Pengumpulan Informasi, Menentukan informasi Bisnis & Pendukungnya FASE-2: Mengevaluasi Kesesuaian Sistem dengan Kebutuhan Bisnis Saat ini & Mengidentifikasi Pilihan Solusi Mengevaluasi Aplikasi dan Kondisi Teknis saat ini, Membangun Arsitektur Informasi, Membuat Pilihan Awal Untuk Solusi Strategis, Membangun Kasus Bisnis untuk Memenuhi Kebutuhan Bisnis FASE-3: Menentukan Solusi Strategis Identifikasi dan Memulai Kegiatan yang Mendesak, Menentukan solusi aplikasi dan database, Evaluasi kondisi TI, Pengembangan Kasus Bisnis FASE-4: Menyiapkan dan Melakukan Rencana Implementasi Menyiapkan Rencana Teknis Proyek Aplikasi dan Database,Mempersiapkan Rencana Pengembangan SDM dan Organisasi, Menyusun dan Menyeimbangkan Kasus-kasus Bisnis dengan semua Pengembangan, Menampilkan Rencana dan Mengatur Implementasinya FASE-0 : Menentukan Konteks dan Ruang Lingkup

14 Wetherbe’s Methodology
Perencanaan Proyek Analisis Kebutuhan Informasi Alokasi Sumber Daya S/TI 1. Business System Planning 2. Strategic of IT Growth 3. End/Mean Analysis 4. Critical Sucsess Factor Perencanaan Strategis IT

15 Josip Brumec: Meta Model

16 Meta-Model: The Result of SPIS Should Be A Documented Project That Includes:
Business process models for an existing and reengineered organisation, Business data models, Models of programs and procedures, Technical resources models, A development activity plan for new IS

17 Bisnis Proses Dalam Hirarki Organisasi
Menerapkan Arahan Strategis: Cost Leadership Product Leadership Market Leadership Top Executive Memonitor proses yang efektif & efisien dalam setiap pelayanan. Melaksanakan system anggaran yang fleksibel. Mengusulkan program kegiatan tepat guna Managerial (Berbagai Bidang) Melaksanakan layanan yang prima Melakukan perekaman data yang akurat Operational

18 Program Pengembangan TI
Kerangka PSSI: RSMM Visi, Misi RSMM Indikator Sukses Peran SI Rencana Strategis Bisnis Proses Analisis Kesenjangan Dukungan Data Kegiatan-2 Implementasi Strategis Target Area Aplikasi Target Aplikasi Target Prioritas Apl. Strategi SI Kerangka pengelolaan TI Kerangka Teknologi Kerangka Organisasi Program pengembangan Program Pengembangan TI

19 Grand Design Sistem Informasi Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU)
Structure Document Sejarah Singkat Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) Organisasi KPU Metodologi Perencanaan Strategis SI KPU Visi Misi Values Tujuan Sasaran Gambaran Umum Kondisi TI Saat Ini Strategi Program Strategis Road Map Implementasi Analisis SI/TI KPU Target Protofolio aplikasi SDM Security Budget

20 Organisasi Pengelola & Tata Kelola TIk Persiapan Pelaksanaan Proyek
Kerangka Penyusunan Grand Desain e-Library Trend & Benchmark Perpusda Mitra dengan Organisasi Lain 2A Analisis Kegiatan Eksternal Pepusnas 3 Formulasi Strategi 4 Portofolio Aplikasi 5 Infrastruktur TIK 6 Security TIK 7 Organisasi Pengelola & Tata Kelola TIk 8 Roadmap GD-eLibrary 1 Persiapan Pelaksanaan Proyek 2B Analisis Kegiatan Internal Perpusnas Kondisi SI/TI Strategi Saat Ini Tupoksi Alur Proses Kerja SDM Pengelola TIK 20

21 Model Proses Kerja Perpusnas
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22 Target Portofolio Aplikasi
SIRKULASI AKUISISI SI KATALOG Sistem Monitoring Pengembangan Bahan Pustaka dan Jasa Informasi OPAC PRESERVASI SI ANGGOTA PERPUSTAKAAN SI LITBANG SIREN SIMKEU SIMPEG E - PROC DEPOSIT Pengembangan Sumber Daya Perpustakaan SA BMN Administrasi SI OPERASIONAL DEPUTI I SI ADMINISTRASI SI MONITORING SI PERKANTORAN SISKUM SI EKSEKUTIF SI KIN SI OPERASIONAL DEPUTI II SI TENAGA LEARNING SI PROMOSI MINAT BACA IT SYSTEM MONITORING KMS OFFICE 22

23 Arsitektur Ubiquitous Teknologi Informasi
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24 Usulan Organisasi Pengelola TIK
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25 Tahapan Grand Desain e-Library
Phase 1:Penguatan Phase 2:Pemberdayaan Phase 3: Pelayanan Prima Tupoksi Kelembagaan Kerangka e-Library Infrastruktur TIK SDM e-Library Kebijakan dan Peraturan e-Library Budgeting e-Library Leadership e-Library COE e-Library SOP e-Library Kerjasama Perpusda Interoperability ke instansi lain: - Kemendiknas - Kemenkominfo - Perpusda - Museum, Dll Sistem e-Library Terpadu (Enterprise Library System) Alih media konten Database KIN dan BNI Multi-access: - Tatap muka - Video conference - Online access - Mobile access, Dll. Single Window Seamless Integration Resource sharing - Data, dan Aplikasi - Infrastruktur, Dll Global searching COE – E-Library Center of Excellence

26 Pilar-pilar Grand Design e-Library

27 Example of SPIS in Education Industry
The University of Colorado at Boulder 2002 Information Technology Strategic Planning Report Document structure Acknowledgments Executive Summary IT Strategic Planning Process 2002 IT Strategic Vision Current Situation (Trends) Chapter 1: Educational Technology Chapter 2: Web-based Services Chapter 3: Network and Middleware Chapter 4: Central Services Chapter 5: Leadership, Coordination, and Governance of IT Evaluation Matrix Financials – Top Recommendations Appendices

28 Common Characteristics of SPIS Methodology (modified from Josip Brumec)
The starting point of SPIS methodology is an analysis of the present business system and a definition of its future and goals; Examines the function areas where new IT could make the best contribution to the efficiency of business processes; Present an evaluation of the effects of the new IS on future business processes. This evaluation should be performed on a simulation model before starting the long-term and complex project of maintaining the IS. Controls and confirms the effects of investment in the new IS/IT.

29 SPIS Methodology and its Connection Methods and Techniques (1)
Problem/step in SPIS/IS design Methods and techniques (§-strategic, #-structured, ¤-object oriented) Inputs and deliverables Inputs/Output Usability Very powerful, Powerful, Useful 1. Description of business system (BS) Interviewing Mission and goals of current BS/Business strategy; Business processes (BP) 2. Evaluation of the impact of new IT on Business system § Balanced Scorecard § BCG-matrix § 5F-model § Value-chain model BP/Performances of existing BS Business strategy/IS development priorities Business strategy/Information for top-management BP/Primary and Supporting business process (BBP) V P U 3. Redefinition of business process # BSP-decomposition # Life cycle analysis for the resources BBP/ New organisational units (OU) Basic system resources/Business process portfolio 4. Business system reengineering § BPR § SWOT Business Processes portfolio/New business process (NBP) Business Process Portfolio/SWOT analysis for NBP 5. Estimation of critical information § CFS analysis (Rockart) # Ends-means analysis NBP/critical information for NBP NBP/Information for efficiency and effectivity improvement

30 6. Optimisation of new IS architecture
# Matrix process-entities # Affinity analysis, Genetic algorithms NBP/Business process relationships Business process relationships/Clusters; Subsystems of new IS V P 7. Modeling of new “Business Technology” (BT) # Work flow diagram (WFD) # Organisational flow diagram (OFD) Activity flow diagram (AFD) NBP/Responsibility for NBP New OU/Flow between new OU NBP/Activities for NBP U 8. Modeling of new business processes, supported by IT # Data flow diagram (DFD) #Action diagram (AD) NBP/ NBP supported by IT (IS processes); Data flows; Business Data IS Process/ Internal logic of IS processes 9. Evaluation of IS effects # Simulation modelling IS processes/ Guidelines for BP improvements 10. Business data modeling # ERA- model ¤ Object-model Business Data/ERA model Business Data/ Object model

31 11. Software design # HIPO-diagram ¤ Transition diagram IS Processes/ Logical design of programs (SW) Data flow/ Events and transactions V P 12. Detail design of program and procedures # Action diagram ¤ Object scenario Logical design of program procedures (SW)/ Model of program logic Object model; Events/ Object behavior 13. Data model development # Relational model; Normalisation ERA model/Relational model 14. Software development # CASE tools and 4GL ¤ OO-CASE tools Model of program logic; Relational model/programs and procedures Object behaviour /OO-procedures 15. implementation of IS Case-study: Business games Programs and procedures/Performance of new IS 16. Evaluation of new BS performances # Balanced Secorecard Performance of existing BS; Performances of new IS/ Measures for success

32 Q/A How do methodologies develop SPIS differ from one to another?
How do methods, techniques, processes, and procedures are used in a SPSI methodology? Names several methods, techniques that you are familiar with, and explain how to use them.