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ANALISA, DISAIN DAN EVALUASI SISTEM INFORMASI Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA Materi Kuliah Depok, November 2009 4/24/20151/17 RB WAHYU, MSc, Dr.
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SUBPOKOK BAHASAN Siklus sistem informasi Spesifikasi sistem informasi Memilih dan mengevaluasi sistem informasi Q & A 4/24/20152/17
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TUJUAN KHUSUS Memahami proses: analisis, desain dan evaluasi suatu sistem informasi Dapat menjelaskan langkah yang diperlukan dalam Merancang sistem informasi Mengevaluasi sistem informasi serta Memilih perangkat lunak yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan 4/24/20153/17
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SIKLUS SISTEM INFORMASI The software development life cycle (SDLC) is the entire process of formal, logical steps taken to develop a software product. Within the broader context of Application Lifecycle Management (ALM), the SDLC is basically the part of process in which coding/programming is applied to the problem being solved by the existing or planned application. 4/24/20154/17
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SIKLUS SISTEM INFORMASI The phases of SDLC can vary somewhat but generally include the following: 1.Needs Assesment; 2.Design Specifications; 3.Software Development; 4.System Testing; 5.Training; 6.Implementation; 7.System Support/Maintenance; 8.Evaluation. 4/24/20155/17
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SIKLUS SISTEM INFORMASI There are many methodologies or models that can be used to guide the software development lifecycle either as a core model to the SDLC or as a complementary method. These include: 1.The linear or waterfall model (which was the original SDLC method); 2.Rapid application development (RAD) 3.Joint application development (JAD); 4.The iterative model; 5.The v-model; 6.The prototyping model; 7.The fountain model; 8.The spiral model; 9.Build and fix; and 10.Synchronize-and-stabilize. 4/24/20156/17
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WATERFALL MODEL 4/24/20157/17 CHARACTERISTICS: 1.TRADITIONAL APPROACH PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES 2.STRUCTURAL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES PASCAL, C, COBOL 3.EACH STEP OF ACTIVITIES DEPENDS ON THE PREVIOUS ACTIVITIES 4.CODE TRANSPARANCIES
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WATERFALL MODEL 4/24/20158/17 Needs Assesment Detail Requirements Testing Programming/Coding Detail Design Implementation Global Design
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MEMILIH DAN MENGEVALUASI SISTEM INFORMASI 1 Before computer hardware 2 Earliest hardware 3 1801: punched card technology 4 Desktop calculators 5 Advanced analog computers 6 Digital computation 6.1 Zuse 6.2 Colossus 6.3 American developments 6.3.1 ENIAC 4/24/20159/17
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RAPID APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT (RAD) 4/24/201510/17 CHARACTERISTICS: 1.CLIENT SERVER ENVIROMENT 2.REUSE OF PREVIOUS DEVELOPMENT PARTICULARLY INPUT SCREEN 3.MAXIMUM USE OF COMPONENTS 4.HIDEN BETWEEN USER INTERFACE AND FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT.
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RAPID APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT (RAD) 4/24/201511/17
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PROTOTYPING 4/24/201512/17 CHARACTERISTICS: 1.CLIENT SERVER ENVIROMENT 2.MAXIMUM USE OF CASE (COMPUTER AIDED IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING) 3.MAXIMUM INVOLVEMENT DEVELOPER AND USER 4.USE GENERAL PURPOSE APPLICATION SUCH AS MICROSOFT ACCESS 5.APPLY THE IPO (INPUT PROCEES AND OUTPUT) CONCEPT.
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PROTOTYPING 4/24/201513/17
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PROTOTYPING 4/24/201514/17
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PROTOTYPING 4/24/201515/17
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PROTOTYPING 4/24/201516/17
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PROTOTYPING 4/24/201517/17
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PROTOTYPING 4/24/201518/17 CHARACTERISTICS: 1.CLIENT SERVER ENVIROMENT 2.MAXIMUM USE OF CASE (COMPUTER AIDED IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING) 3.MAXIMUM INVOLVEMENT DEVELOPER AND USER 4.USE GENERAL PURPOSE APPLICATION SUCH AS MICROSOFT ACCESS 5.APPLY THE IPO (INPUT PROCEES AND OUTPUT) CONCEPT.
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4/24/201519/17 SPESIFIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI
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4/24/201520/17
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SPESIFIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI MODUL 1.Reservasi 2.Kontrak 3.Crew Transport 4.Operasional 5.Pemeliharaan Kendaraan 6.Billing / Invoice 7.EIS 4/24/201521/17
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SPESIFIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI RESERVASI Online reservasi kendaraan wisata : 1.Kesiapan kendaraan 2.Kesiapan Pengemudi Varible model harga 1.Per segment Customer, 2.Per Corporate, 3.Per seasonal, 4.Per jenis kendaraan, 5.Per tujuan, Special Request Customer details Gateway reservation ke portal lain etc 4/24/201522/17
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Input : 1.Daily sales activity : 2.Sales call, Sales blitz, Telemarketing 3.Customer Database 4.Sales achievement 5.Promotion Cost 6.Sales Budget Marketing Input : 1.Time & Date + User + Complaint Category ; a)Kendaraan; b)Pengemudi c) Pelayanan reservasi 2. Time & Date penyampaian ke Dept lain 3. Time & Date penyampaian jawaban 4. Hasil jawaban/ corrective action 5. Status complain (close / open) 6. Special event Customer Service Output : 1.Database Customer 2.Sales budget & realisasi : a) Over all, b) Per sales person 3.Sales growth 4.Jenis kendaraan yang terjual 5.Daftar nama & jumlah customer baru 6.Gross margin : per customer, per sales person 7.Revenue per kendaraan Output : 1.Jumlah dan perklasifikasi complaint per periode waktu 2.L/T penangan komplain per sequence 3.Reminder : Birthday, after sales, special event SALES & MARKETING Output : 1.Database Customer 2.Daily report incoming call 3.SIJ : a)Exit permit (Security & Operation),b) Laporan Keuangan 4.Customer yg tidak terlayani (jml & harga) 5.L/T DP Pelunasan (hari) 6.L/T Pelunasan Departure (hari) 7.Deviasi standar L/T dengan actual 8.Abandon Call, Call Waiting, Average talk 9.Rata-rata Jml Rp. Per SIJ & rata-rata Jml KM per SIJ 10.Jumlah Call per agent per hari Input : 1.Data customer : Nama, Perusahaan, Telp, fax, hp, email, alamat, KTP 2.Jenis incoming call : reservasi, complain, product inquires (long/short term) 3.Tujuan, rute perjalanan, jml unit, jenis kend, hari / tgl depature- arrival 4.Reservasi confirm/ not-confirm 5.Jumlah & waktu pembayaran DP 6.Jumlah & waktu pelunasan 7.Jenis pembayaran 8.Discount 9.Cancelation : alasan 10.Kendaraan & driver available (Retreve Data) 11.Kendaraan pengganti (No. Kend, SIJ sebelum, SIJ pengganti) Reservasi ENGINEERING Output : 1.Blokir SIJ u/ kend yg msk jadwal maintenance 2.Deviasi preventive maintenance: a) Jml Unit; b) Rata2 PM tidak ontime (hari); c) Pool 3.Riwayat perawatan (jenis, sparepart, biaya, mekanik) 4.Performance mekanik (jenis pekerjaan vs flate rate) 5.Ranking Performance mekanik 6.Performance work shop 7.L/T serah terima kendaraan Input : 1.Jadwal preventive maintenance 2.No kend, Pool, KM. Kategori & jenis : a) Preventive maintenance (kelipatan 10.000 & 20.000) b) Unpredictive maintenance: 1) Under steel; 2) Engine; 3)A/C; 4) electric & AVi; 5) Tire; 6) Body Repair; 7) Lain-lain 3.Time & Date mulai-selesai (pengerjaan mekanik) 4.Group & Spv mekanik 5.Sparepart requisition (by spv mekanik) 6.Table flate rate ACCOUNTING Input : 1.Request order sparepart, No kode. Sparepart (retrieve: Engineering) 2.Nama sparepart, jumlah part yang diminta 3.Nama vendor dan jml sparepart (unit &rp) 4.Approval (tic mark) pengambilan spart oleh 5.mekanik, stlh menyerahkan barang bekas 6.Vendor dan harga sparepart (cost control) 7.Data vendor & jenis & harga sparepart Output : 1.Bukti pemakaian sparepart 2.Rata-rata sampingan posisi stock (min - max) 3.Database pemakaian sparepart DATA SERVER Local Area Connection FINANCE Output : 1.Database tagihan perkendaraan percustomer 2.Rekap Sales customer yang harus ditagih 3.Status invoice 4.Aging (source accpack) Input : 1.Time & Date supporting document collecting from other Dept 2.Database collecting, tagihan & rekap sales 3.Status collecting (PAID or PROGRESS: status invoice terakhir di user & tgl pengecekan) 4.Tabel harga tiap jenis kendaraan & tujuan Output : 1.Print out SIJ penjemputan 2.Performance antar jemput 3.Grafik utilize Vehicle & utilize Driver 4.Descrepance : OTP Driver (%), OTP Crew (%) 5.Jumlah Revisi schedule (%) 6.Report produksi KM, Konsumsi BBM Input : 1.Retrieve Data CTOD dari CGKDXGA 2.Schedule masuk kerja pengemudi 3.Kehadiran pengemudi 4.Laporan Harian : a) Jam tiba – berangkat dirumah crew b) Jam tiba di CGK c) Keterangan / catatan OPERATION Output : 1.Jumlah kendaraan SGO 2.Lama pemakaian kendaraan 3.KM penggunaan kendaraan 4.Ratio: a)Km :BBM (liter); b) Biaya sewa (Rp;KM) 5.Discrepancies: a) Standar rasio (Km:BBM); b) Standar biaya sewa (Km : BBM) 6.Summary penggunaan kendaraan: a) Nopol; b) Alokasi User / customer c) Kode User/customer 7. Kondisi kendaraan per SIJ per pengemudi Input : 1.Kendaraan & driver available (Pool) 2.Pengiriman/penarikan kendaraan ke customer 3.Jumlah aset kendaraan, pajak STNK & Keur 4.Kendaraan selesai operasional; a)No. kend; b)KM; c) BBM (liter); d)Kondisi 5.Time & Date Delivery 6.Time & Date kendaraan dari customer 7.Time & Date kendaraan keluar / masuk Pool 8.In-out kendaraan (Security) Short-term Rental Long-term Rental (GA Air Crew) SPESIFIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI
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4/24/201524/17 Menghubungi MEW melalui Call Center/ Walk-in Reservasi Short-Term Rental Marketing: Long-Term Rental Customer Service Complain/ Masukan CRM Kendaraan SGO Pengemudi Available Kendaraan SGO Pengemudi Available Preventive Maintenance Unpredicted Maintenance Jadwal Perawatan Delivery Kendaraan Penggantian Sementara Sales Target Promosi Telemarketing Reservasi Penerbitan SIJ Penerbitan BPI Pencatatan & meneruskan ke Komite Komplain Memberi jawaban CUSTOMER Account Receivable CollectionPayment/ Cashier SALES & MARKETING Kontrak Kerjasama GEN. AFFAIR Pengadaan Kendaraan PURCHASING Pengadaan Pengemudi HRD OPERATION ENGINEERING FINANCE Store: Spare part ACCOUNTING Understel, Engine, A/C, Electric & AVI, Tire, Body, Lain2 SUPPLIER Pemeriksaaan kendaraan keluar- masuk Pool Security Gambar 1. Hubungan antara kegiatan/modul terkait dalam SITrans
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SPESIFIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI 4/24/201525/17
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SPESIFIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI 4/24/201526/17
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4/24/201527/17 SPESIFIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI
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MEMILIH DAN MENGEVALUASI SISTEM INFORMASI 4/24/201528/17 Congruence with organizational requirements Level of satisfaction of other users Compatibility with existing hardware and software Ability to interface with other applications Support available 1.Training 2.Documentation 3.Maintenance Costs 1.Software lease or purchase 2.Additional hardware 3.Implementation 4.Operational maintenance and upgrades Financial stability of vendors
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MEMILIH DAN MENGEVALUASI SISTEM INFORMASI 4/24/201529/17
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Pemilihan Modul Aplikasi Key-Point PPPProven Package IIIIntegrated Modules SSSState of the Art Technology LLLLocal After Sales Support RRRR&D Center available Development (dibuat/dibangun) IIIIn House (dibangun sendiri oleh Staf RS) TTTThird Party Development (dibangun oleh Pihak Lain) Package (Beli Paket-Jadi) CCCCustomization (‘disesuaikan dgn kondisi RS) OutSourcing (Seluruh Pekerjaan Komputerisasi, dikerja kan pihak lain)
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Kustomisasi/Penyesuaian Paket-Jadi Pra Kustomisasi BBusiness Process Review (BPR) SSystem Walkthrough/Evaluation BBusiness Process Refinement BBusiness Process – System Walkthrough Synchronization : Data- Sets, Screens, Process, Reports DDefine Customization Scope & Due-date, Priority System Modules Review System Modules Customization System Modules Data-Set Conversion/Migration System Modularity Test & Minor Customization System Integration Test & Minor Customization Systems Parallel Test System Production & Acceptance Masa Kustomisasi
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3 2 BarCode Printer BarCode Scanner
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Bar-Code Printer & Reader, RFID : Admission Desk, Patient-ID, Sample-ID, Medical Record, Material Management (Logistic Inventory) ‘SCM (Optimum Stock) Smart-Card, Tracking : Medical Record e-MR (electronic MR) MOBILE COMPUTING/PDA : Pharmacy Prescription (Penulisan Resep), Visite, Order Management (Laboratorium, Radiology, etc) Cash Register : Cashier UTILISASI PERANGKAT ‘ICT: Symbol’ 3
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Data Collection/ Requirement Data Collection/ Requirement Strategic IT Plan Strategic IT Plan Finalization Functional Test Customization Plan Resource Allocation Review Requirements Set Up Priorities Forms and Reporting Manual Book Test ScriptBPR Project Organisation Project Organisation Customization Communicate with HMIS Team Show and Discuss the Progress PROJECT SUCCESS DEPENDS ON CLEARLY DEFINED TASKS
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~ Terima Kasih ~ SYSTEM SYSTEM FINALLY S AVES AVE Y OURSELFY OURSELF T IMET IME E NERGYE NERGY M ONEYM ONEY SAVE YOURSELF TIME ENERGY MONEY
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