Phylum Porifera The Sponges Phylum Porifera.

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1 Phylum Porifera The Sponges Phylum Porifera

2 Apa itu porifera Hewan multiselluler
Dari bahasa latin, porus: lubang kecil, ferre: membawa Sebagian besar hidup dilaut kedalaman 3,5 m, sebagian kecil di air tawar Bentuknya beraneka macam dan warnanya bervariasi: merah, kuning, biru, violet Phylum Porifera

3 Sponge Diversity Erect Rope Sponge Black-ball sponge
Yellow Tube Sponge Phylum Porifera

4 Struktur tubuh porifera
Phylum Porifera

5 Spongocoel dilindungi oleh: 1Epidermis :
lapisan luar, pipih disebut pinakosit, memiliki lubang disebut ostium, dan selnya disebut porosit. Phylum Porifera

6 2. Koanosit, disebut sel leher
Choanocytes 2. Koanosit, disebut sel leher Phylum Porifera

7 3. Mesoglea : lapisan gelatins, nonseluler berisi
a. arkeosit: reproduksi sel, membentuk sel tunas/gamet, mengganti sel yang rusak b. Skleroblast: untuk membentuk spikula c. Amebosit: mengambil dan mengeluarkan makanan yang telah dicerna di koanosit Phylum Porifera

8 MESOGLEA Phylum Porifera

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10 JALANNYA AIR PADA PORIFERA
Spongocoel Ostia Osculum Phylum Porifera

11 Collar Cells Choanocytes: (collar cells) act as a pump to bring water into the sponge Phylum Porifera

12 Sponge Support Collagen is found between the inner canals and chambers
Mesohyl Ameboid cells located in the mesohyl, have different roles Archeocytes Sclerocytes Phylum Porifera

13 Sponge Support Phylum Porifera

14 Spicules Collagen is stiffened by adding microscopic mineral accretions or additional protein fibers (spongin) or both. Spicules: skeleton structures, made of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or silicon dioxide (SiO2). Spicules Phylum Porifera

15 Sponge Types

16 Porifera Reproduction
Asexual budding Regeneration: can regenerate from broken pieces Sexual Usually hermaphroditic with male and female cells scattered throughout the connective tissue. Phylum Porifera

17 Porifera Larvae Neighboring sponges are fertilized by sperm entering through the ostia Ciliated mouth less larvae (parenchymella) is released. Parenchymella Phylum Porifera

18 Porifera Classification
Phylum Porifera Class Calcarea Class Demospongiae Class Hexactinellida Sclerospongiae is no longer considered a class Phylum Porifera

19 Class Calcarea Have spicules made of calcium carbonate
Mostly small in size (<15 cm.), and form irregular masses Never contain spongin, restricted to shallow water, and strictly marine Phylum Porifera

20 Class Demospongiae (Most sponges)
Have spicules made of silicon dioxide (SiO2) or spongin or a combination of both Most sponges belong to this class (90%) Nearly all are leuconoid body type Mostly found on the continental shelf Spongia spp. (Bath sponge) Phylum Porifera

21 Class Hexactinellida (Glass sponges)
Spicules are made of silica Usually found in deep water on soft substrates in the tropics 200-1,000m. Spicules are six pointed and have a lattice-like structure Cup, vase or urn shape Euplectella (Deep sea Glass sponge) Phylum Porifera