Kompetensi Umum Mahasiswa memahami definisi sensor dan aktuator Mahasiswa memahami peranannya dalam dunia industri

Definisi What is the difference ? SENSOR dapat mendeteksi/mengukur besaran fisik mengubah menjadi sinyal listrik ‘SENSOR' is `a device that ……………………………….. detects a change in a physical stimulus and turns it into a signal which can be measured or recorded TRANDUSER bentuk energi #1 -> bentuk energi #2 ‘TRANSDUCER' is 'a device that ………………………….. transfers power from one system to another in the same or in the different form Transducers are ENERGY CONVERTERS or MODIFIERS What is the difference ?

Transduser Sensor a device that detects/measures a signal or stimulus acquires information from the “real world” Transducer Primary Energy Forms: Sound Electric Mechanical Optical Chemical Thermal Nuclear etc. take form of a sensor or an actuator Actuator a device that generates a signal or stimulus intelligent feedback system real world sensor actuator

Sensor Typically interested in electronic sensor Mengubah parameter yg diinginkan menjadi sinyal listrik terukur Sensor Elektronik secara Umum primary transducer: changes “real world” parameter into electrical signal secondary transducer: converts electrical signal into analog or digital values usable values real world analog signal primary transducer secondary sensor Typical Sistem Sensor Elektronik sensor input signal (measurand) microcontroller signal processing communication sensor data analog/digital network display

Contoh Sistem Sensor Elektronik Berbagai komponen & aplikasi digital sensor within an instrument microcontroller signal timing data storage analog sensor analyzed by a PC multiple sensors displayed over internet µC signal timing memory keypad sensor display handheld instrument comm. card PC sensor interface A/D, communication signal processing sensor e.g., RS232 PC comm. card internet sensor processor comm. sensor bus

Klasifikasi Sensor Based on sinyal conditioning & power source: Active Sensor  memerlukan external power untuk membangkitkan sinyal listrik dlm merespon besaran terukur Passive Sensor  dpt langsung membangkitkan sinyal listrik dalam merespon besaran terukur (stimulus)

Klasifikasi Sensor Based on level transduction : Primary Secondary

Aplikasi

Aplikasi

Input Transducer: The Sensor How do we make measurements? Measurements are made using input transducers to convert variations of one physical form to those of another, i.e. an energy converter. The science of measurement is called metrology. Example measurands include: • acceleration • linear or angular position • light intensity • pressure • sound • stress, strain or force • temperature

Input Transducer: The Sensor

Input Transducer: The Sensor How do we make measurements? Measurements are made using input transducers to convert variations of one physical form to those of another, i.e. an energy converter. The science of measurement is called metrology. Example measurands include: • acceleration • linear or angular position • light intensity • pressure • sound • stress, strain or force • temperature

Instrumentation & Control

Primary and Secondary Sensors

Passive Sensor

Active Sensor

Classify …

Sensor Characteristics Accuracy • Absolute error • Relative error • Precision • Repeatability • Resolution • Sensitivity • Linearity • Range

Accuracy & Precision

Terminologi Sensitivity Sensitivity error Range Precision Resolution Accuracy Offset Linearity Hysterisis

Typical sensor dan keluarannya PROPERTY SENSOR KLASIFIKASI OUTPUT Temperatur Thermocouple Silicon RTD Thermistor Passive Active Voltage Voltage/Current Resistance Force/Pressure Strain Gage Piezoelectric Acceleration Accelerometer Capacitance Position LVDT AC Voltage Light Intensity Photodiode Current

Kalibrasi(Calibration) Sensor  kondisi non ideal offset: nominal output ≠ nilai nominal parameter nonlinearity: output not linear dng perubahan parameter cross parameter sensitivity: secondary output variation with, e.g., temperature Calibration = mengatur keluaran hingga sesuai dng parameter sebenarnya analog signal conditioning look-up table digital calibration T = a + bV +cV2, T= temperature; V=sensor voltage; a,b,c = calibration coefficients T1 linear T2 non-linear offset T3

Kesimpulan Sensor ? Transduser ? Klasifikasi ? Kalibrasi ?