Keperawatan Medikal-Bedah

Contents: Perawat Medikal-Bedah Fokus Kep. Medikal-Bedah Apa yang Dibutuhan Perawat Medikal-Bedah Positioning Kep. Medikal-Bedah Lingkup Praktik Kep. Medikal-Bedah Peran Perawat Medikal-Bedah

Who is Nurse in Medical-surgical nursing? Medical-surgical nurses are nurses provide nursing care to adults experience complex variation in health. (Canadian Associatio of Medical and Surgical Nurses, March 2012)

The Focus of MedSurg Nursing The Focus of MedSurg Nursing is on the adulth client with acute and chronic illness in any health care setting or on the client who is at risk for illness (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2006, p 6)

What is Needed by a Nurse Specialist In Medical-surgical Nursing? ..need a have broad knowledge of the biologic, psychological, and social sciences...., because their clients have a range of needs, to achivement of an optimal level of wellness & the prevention of illness. (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2006, p 6)

Positioning MedSurg nursing adalah dasar dari semua praktik keperawatan. Saat ini lebih banyak perawat memilih bekerja dlm spesialisasi MedSurg nursing.

Practice Setting for MedSurg Nurses (Scope)—1 Hospital setting: Critical care unit Intermediate or specialty care unit Long term care units Community-based (home care) setting to provide care for primarily adult patients before and after surgical procedures. (http://allnurses.com/medical-surgical-nursing/; Ignatavicius & Workman, 2006)

Practice Setting for MedSurg Nurses (Scope)—2 Unit Keperawatan Kritis: Area utk ps dg keadaan komplek & kritis. Shock, trauma, neurosurgical. Departemen emergensi. Perawat: punya sense thd situasi krisis mampu tetap efektif pada situasi stresfull rasio p:k = 1:2 atau 1:3 (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2006)

Practice Setting for MedSurg Nurses (Scope)—3 Long-Term Care Unit: Pasien membutuhkan perawatan dlm waktu lama: beberapa minggu-bulan Sinonim dg nursing home care Unit perawatan transisi Fasilitas perawatan kronik Pusat rehabilitasi (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2006)

The Role of MedSurg Nurse Coordinator of care Caregiver Continuing care planner Educator Researcher (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2006, pp. 6-7)

Peran Perawat MedSug Caregiver Advocate Educator Manager Researcher

Coordinator of care Tidaklah mudah memenuhi semua kebutuhan pasien. Sebagai koordinator—perlu berkolaborasi dg tim kes lain secara interdisiplin Melalui “ronde klinik interdisiplin” dan “metode komunikasi lainnya” mempermudah proses perencanaan dan implementasi (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2006, p 6)

Caregiver Assess client Analyzies collected information to determine client’s need Develop “nursing diagnosis” and “collaborative problems” Develop “care plan” and “carry out the plan with the health care team” Evaluate care given. Nursing process (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2006, p 6)

Caregiver Memenuhi kebutuhan fisik, psikososial dan spiritual. Aktivitasnya di kategorikan sbg: Independen Dilakukan perawat tanpa dipengaruhi tim kes lain. Misalnya: elevating the head of bed to facilitating breathing or reducting intracranial pressure Kolaboratif (interdependen) Ditentukan bersama-sama perawat dan anggota tim kes lain. Misalnya: pemberian diet khusus Diorder oleh tim kes lain tetapi membutuhkan judgment perawat untuk melakukannya. Misalnya: pemberian medikasi (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2006, p 6)

Continuing care planner Saat ini pelayanan kes telah menekankan “pemulangan dini (early discharge)” dari rumah sakit. Peran MedSurg Nurse sbg “perencana asuhan lanjutan” menjadi penting Proses: Mengkaji kebutuhan kesehatan ps Mengkaji kebutuhan pendidikan kes Mengkaji keadaan rumah: sumber2, support system, dan peralatan, jika dibutuhkan Dilakukan oleh discharge planner atau case manager (umumnya perawat, dapat juga social worker) (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2006, p 6)

Educator Pendidikan pd klien merupakan komponen utama dalam Kep. MedSurg. Bekerja dalam tim kes. utk meningkatkan kes klien melalui proses belajar klien ttg promkes, penanganan keadaan sakit, dan penanganan khusus. Peran ini semakin penting lagi, karena kebijakan rumah sakit untuk melakukan pemulangan dini. (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2006, p 6)

Researcher Terlibat aktif dlm penelitian Menggunakan hasil penelitian ke dalam praktik

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