Hydropower -Fundamentals -Water Turbines
Fundamentals of Hydropower a. Type of Hydrosystem Low head (run of the river only) Medium head (stored only) High head (run of the river or stored)
Fundamentals of Hydropower a. Type of Hydrosystem Large scaleSmall scale (<1MW) Cheaper per kW Quick import – delivered on a turnkey basis Little (or no) dependence on overseas technologies Capacity building –Can use local labour/materials Can serve urban demandClose to (rural) users Fisheries/leisureMostly “run of river” so no reservoir problems
Fundamentals of Hydropower b. Parts of Hydrosystem: Ideals Letaknya harus dekat dengan pemukiman untuk mereduksi biaya transmisi dan juga mudah diakses (e.g maintanace) Harus dapat mengatasi flow yang sangat besar yang diperlukan oleh turbin Panjangnya diusahakan sependek mungkin??
Fundamentals of Hydropower TurbineCouplinggeneratorControl b. Parts of Hydrosystem: part of powerhouse
Fundamentals of Hydropower c.Power Available : Energy Equation Bernouli Equation!! Cek materi perkuliahan Mekanika fluida
Fundamentals of Hydropower C. Energy Equation: Flow in pipes No friction, no shaft work
Fundamentals of Hydropower C. Energy Equation: Flow in pipes No friction, no shaft work
Fundamentals of Hydropower C. Energy Equation: Flow in pipes friction equations Darcy’s Formula Aliran turbulen
Fundamentals of Hydropower C. Energy Equation: Flow in pipes friction & shaft work
Fundamentals of Hydropower C. Energy Equation: Flow in pipes friction & shaft work
Turbines Impulse – Pelton wheel – Turgo – Crossflow Reaction – Radial (e.g. Francis) – Axial (e.g. propeller, Kaplan)
Turbines Pelton Wheel
Turbines Pelton Wheel
Turbines Pelton Wheel
Turbines Turgo
Turbines Turgo
Turbines Cross-Flow
Turbines Francis
Turbines Francis
Turbines Propeler
Turbines Kaplan
Turbines Characterising Turbine
Turbines Characterising Turbine