Systems Analysis and Design romi@romisatriawahono.net Systems Analysis and Design Romi Satria Wahono romi@romisatriawahono.net http://romisatriawahono.net/sad WA/SMS: +6281586220090 http://romisatriawahono.net

Romi Satria Wahono SD Sompok Semarang (1987) SMPN 8 Semarang (1990) SMA Taruna Nusantara Magelang (1993) B.Eng, M.Eng and Ph.D in Software Engineering from Saitama University Japan (1994-2004) Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (2014) Research Interests: Software Engineering, Intelligent Systems Founder dan Koordinator IlmuKomputer.Com Peneliti LIPI (2004-2007) Founder dan CEO PT Brainmatics Cipta Informatika

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Learning Design Pretest dan Posttest untuk Mengukur Kompetensi Kognifif Penyajian Materi dengan Model Minimalism berbasis Konsep Amati-Tiru-Modifikasi Latihan Secara Iteratif untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi Kognitif dan Psikomotorik Penugasan berbasis Self-Contained Project dan Literatur Review http://romisatriawahono.net

Textbook romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming References Alan Dennis et al, Systems Analysis and Design with UML 4th Edition, John Wiley and Sons, 2013 Kenneth E. Kendall and Julie E Kendall, Systems Analysis and Design 8th Edition, Prentice Hall, 2010 Hassan Gomaa, Software Modeling and Design: UML, Use Cases, Patterns, and Software Architectures, Cambridge University Press, 2011 Gary B. Shelly and Harry J. Rosenblatt, Systems Analysis and Design 9th Edition, Course Technology, 2011 Howard Podeswa, UML for the IT Business Analyst 2nd Edition, Course Technology, 2009 Jeffrey A. Hoffer et al, Modern Systems Analysis and Design 6th Edition, Prentice Hall, 2010 http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Pre-Test Sebutkan tahapan pengembangan sistem atau system development life cycle (SDLC)! Sebutkan beberapa metodologi pengembangan sistem yang anda ketahui! Gambarkan requirement di bawah dengan use case diagram! Buat program yang menampilkan tulisan "Halo Jakarta" di layar monitor, dengan bahasa pemrograman yang anda kuasai! SISTEM ELIBRARY Sistem elibrary memungkinkan pengguna untuk melakukan registrasi dan login Setelah menjadi member, pengguna dapat memodifikasi profile, serta mencari dan mendownload koleksi buku elibrary Admin sistem elibrary melakukan approval terhadap registrasi dan menampilkan laporan aktifitas pengguna secara individual maupun total http://romisatriawahono.net

Course Contents Introduction Project Planning System Analysis romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Course Contents Introduction Project Planning System Analysis System Design System Implementation http://romisatriawahono.net

1. Introduction

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Learning Objectives Understand the system analysis and design and the term of analyst Understand the system development life cycle and its four phases Understand the evolution of system development methodologies Be familier with the Unified Modeling Language (UML) version 2.0 Understand the characteristics of object-oriented paradigm http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Key Ideas More than half of all systems development projects Fail (42% - Standish Group, 53% - General Accounting Office) Canceled before completion System is never used once finished Doesn't provide the expected benefits Most of the ones that don't fail: Are delivered late Are over budget Don't provide the features promised http://romisatriawahono.net

Recent Significant IT Failures romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Recent Significant IT Failures Company Year Outcome Hudson Bay (Canada) 2005 Inventory system problems lead to $33.3 million loss UK Inland Revenue 2004/5 $3.45 billion tax-credit overpayment caused by software errors Avis Europe PLC (UK) 2004 Enterprise resource planning (ERP) system cancelled after $54.5 million spent Ford Motor Co. Purchasing system abandoned after deployment costing approximately $400 M Hewlett-Packard Co. ERP system problems contribute to $160 million loss AT&T Wireless Customer relations management (CRM) system upgrade problems lead to $100M loss http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming http://romisatriawahono.net

Is it Possible? romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming http://romisatriawahono.net

Systems Analyst and Its Roles

Analyst Related Role Business analyst System analyst Infrastructure analyst Change management analyst Project manager

Role in System Development romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Role in System Development Project Manager Business Analyst System Analyst Programmer Tester http://romisatriawahono.net

Business Analyst Focuses on business issues surrounding the system romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Business Analyst Focuses on business issues surrounding the system The business value of the system Improvements in business processes New business processes needed with new system Requires business skills and professional training http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming System Analyst The systems analyst is a key person analyzing the business, identifying opportunities for improvement, and designing information systems to implement these ideas Focuses on Information System (IS) Issues How IS can improve business processes Designs new information system Ensures IS quality standards are maintained Requires training & experience in design analysis, programming, business (to lesser degree) http://romisatriawahono.net

Infrastructure Analyst romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Infrastructure Analyst Focuses on interfaces between new system & existing infrastructure Makes sure new system follows organizational standards Identifies required infrastructure changes Requires experience in network & database administration Requires knowledge of hardware systems http://romisatriawahono.net

Change Management Analyst romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Change Management Analyst Focuses on system installation Documentation & support for users Coordinate training of users Strategies to overcome resistance Requires experience in organizational behavior Requires experience in change management http://romisatriawahono.net

Project Manager Responsible for schedule and budget romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Project Manager Responsible for schedule and budget Ensures promised benefits are delivered Manages team members Responsible for project plan and reporting progress Requires project management experience http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming http://romisatriawahono.net

Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Planning Analysis Design Implementation http://romisatriawahono.net

Project Phases Planning: Why build the system? romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Project Phases Planning: Why build the system? System request, feasibility analysis, project size estimation Analysis: Who, what, when, where will the system be? Requirement gathering, business process modeling Design: How will the system work? Program design, user interface design, data design Implementation: System construction and delivery System construction, testing, documentation and installation http://romisatriawahono.net

Planning Identifying business value (System Request) romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Planning Identifying business value (System Request) Lower costs Increase profits Analyze feasibility Technical Feasibility Economic Feasibility Organizational Feasibility Estimating the size of project (System Proposal) http://romisatriawahono.net

Analysis Requirement gathering by answering the questions: romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Analysis Requirement gathering by answering the questions: Who will use the system? What will the system do? When will it be used? Investigate the current system Identify possible improvements Develop a concept for new system (Business Process Model) http://romisatriawahono.net

Design (System Specification) Program Design (UML Diagrams) romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Design Program Design (UML Diagrams) What programs need to be written Exactly what each program will do User Interface Design How users interact with system Forms / reports used by the system Data Design (ER Diagrams) What data is to be stored What format the data will be in Where the data will be stored (System Specification) http://romisatriawahono.net

Implementation Construction Testing Installation romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Implementation Construction New system is built and tested Often testing is the longest part Testing Unit Testing Integration Testing System Testing User Acceptance Test Installation Old system is turned off New system is turned on http://romisatriawahono.net

Processes and Deliverables romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Processes and Deliverables Process Product Planning Analysis Design Implementation System Proposal System Specification New System with Testing/Maintenance Plan http://romisatriawahono.net

SDLC and Deliverables Planning Analysis (System Specification) romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming SDLC and Deliverables Planning (System Proposal) Analysis (System Specification) Design (System Specification) Implementation (New System) http://romisatriawahono.net

Systems Development Methodologies

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming What Is a Methodology? A formalized approach to implementing the SDLC (series of steps and deliverables) http://romisatriawahono.net

Major Methodologies Structured Design Rapid Application Development romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Major Methodologies Structured Design Waterfall method Parallel development Rapid Application Development Phased Development Prototyping Throw-away Prototyping Agile Development Extreme Programming (XP) Scrum Lean Development http://romisatriawahono.net

Structured Design Methodology romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Structured Design Methodology Projects move methodically from one to the next step Generally, a step is finished before the next one begins http://romisatriawahono.net

Waterfall Method

Pros - Cons of the Waterfall Method romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Pros - Cons of the Waterfall Method Pros Cons Identifies systems requirements long before programming Begins, it minimizes change to the requirements as the project proceed (mature) Design must be specified on paper begins Long time between system proposal and delivery of new system Rework is very hard http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Parallel Development Addresses problem of time gap between proposal and delivery General process: Breaks project into parallel subproject Integrates them at the end http://romisatriawahono.net

Parallel Development romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Parallel Development http://romisatriawahono.net

Rapid Application Development romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Rapid Application Development Phased development A series of versions Prototyping System prototyping Throw-away prototyping Design prototyping http://romisatriawahono.net

Rapid Application Development romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Rapid Application Development Critical elements to speed up the SDLC: CASE tools Visual programming languages Code generators http://romisatriawahono.net

RAD: Phased Development romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming RAD: Phased Development Break overall system into a series of versions Each version has Analysis, Design, and Implementation Output from on version is the input to the next Incorporate ideas, issues, lessons learned in one version into the next version http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming http://romisatriawahono.net

RAD: Phased Development romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming RAD: Phased Development Pros Cons Gets useful system to users quickly Most important functions tested most Initial system is intentionally incomplete System requirements expand as users see versions http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming RAD: Prototyping Analysis, Design, Implementation are performed concurrently Start with a "quick-and-dirty" prototype Provides minimal functionality Repeat process, refining the prototype each time Stop when prototype is a working system http://romisatriawahono.net

RAD: Prototyping romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming http://romisatriawahono.net

RAD: Prototyping Pros Cons romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming RAD: Prototyping Pros Cons Fast paced. Hard to conduct careful, methodical analysis Gets working system to users quickly Reassures users that the project is progressing Initial design decisions have long term staying power Problems may come to light late in design, requiring re-design Quickly refines true requirements http://romisatriawahono.net

RAD: Throw-Away Prototyping romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming RAD: Throw-Away Prototyping Use prototypes only to understand requirements Example: use html to show UI Prototype is not a working design Once requirements are understood, the prototypes are thrown away The system is then built using SDLC http://romisatriawahono.net

RAD: Throw-Away Prototyping romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming RAD: Throw-Away Prototyping http://romisatriawahono.net

Agile Development Just a few rules that are easy to learn and follow romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Agile Development Just a few rules that are easy to learn and follow Streamline the SDLC Eliminate much of the modeling and documentation Emphasize simple, iterative application development Examples include: Extreme Programming (XP) Scrum Dynamic Systems Development Model (DSDM) http://romisatriawahono.net

Extreme Programming (XP) romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Extreme Programming (XP) “Core Values” of XP Communication – All to All  Pair Programming Simplicity – KISS, refactoring Feedback – Embrace Change Courage – Quality First, test and efficient coding http://romisatriawahono.net

Extreme Programming (XP) romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Extreme Programming (XP) http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Scrum Together with a user, the project members form a Scrum Team consisting of 5–9 people During discussions with the Product Owner, the goal of the Sprint is determined and the prioritized functionality is broken down into detailed tasks The team is self-organized and the members have a joint responsibility for the results Each Sprint enhances the product’s market value and adds new functions and improvements that can be delivered to the customer http://romisatriawahono.net

Scrum romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming http://romisatriawahono.net

Scrum romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming http://romisatriawahono.net

Scrum romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming http://romisatriawahono.net

Scrum romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming http://romisatriawahono.net

XP vs Scrum vs Lean XP deals with how to work with programming romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming XP vs Scrum vs Lean XP deals with how to work with programming Scrum deals with how the project is organized and planned Lean Development deals with which comprehensive principles should apply for the entire development organization http://romisatriawahono.net

Selecting the Appropriate Methodology romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Selecting the Appropriate Methodology Clarity of User Requirements Familiarity with Technology System Complexity System Reliability Short Time Schedules Schedule Visibility http://romisatriawahono.net

Selecting the Appropriate Methodology romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Selecting the Appropriate Methodology http://romisatriawahono.net

Exercise: Selecting Methodology romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Exercise: Selecting Methodology Suppose you are an analyst for the Roanoke Software Consulting Company (RSCC), a large consulting firm with offices around the world. The company wants to build a new knowledge management system that can identify and track the expertise of individual consultants anywhere in the world based on their education and the various consulting projects on which they have worked. Assume that this is a new idea that never done before been attempted in RSCC or elsewhere. RSCC has an international network, but the offices in each country may use somewhat different hardware and software. RSCC management wants the system up and running within a year. http://romisatriawahono.net

Object-Oriented Paradigm

Konsep Dasar Pemrograman Berorientasi Objek Class , Object, Method, Attribute

Berorientasi Objek? Attribute: Topi, Baju, Jaket, romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Berorientasi Objek? Attribute: Topi, Baju, Jaket, Tas Punggung, Tangan, Kaki, Mata Behavior: Cara Jalan ke Depan Cara Jalan Mundur Cara Belok ke Kiri Cara Memanjat http://romisatriawahono.net

Berorientasi Objek? Attribute (State): Behavior: romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Berorientasi Objek? Attribute (State): Ban, Stir, Pedal Rem, Pedal Gas, Warna, Tahun Produksi Behavior: Cara Menghidupkan Mesin Cara Manjalankan Mobil Cara Memundurkan Mobil Attribute  Variable(Member) Behavior  Method(Fungsi) http://romisatriawahono.net

Perbedaan Class dan Object romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Perbedaan Class dan Object Class: konsep dan deskripsi dari sesuatu Class mendeklarasikan method yang dapat digunakan (dipanggil) oleh object Object: instance dari class, bentuk (contoh) nyata dari class Object memiliki sifat independen dan dapat digunakan untuk memanggil method Contoh Class dan Object: Class: mobil Object: mobilnya pak Joko, mobilku, mobil berwarna merah http://romisatriawahono.net

Perbedaan Class dan Object romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Perbedaan Class dan Object Class seperti cetakan kue, dimana kue yg dihasilkan dari cetakan kue itu adalah object Warna kue bisa bermacam-macam meskipun berasal dari cetakan yang sama (object memiliki sifat independen) http://romisatriawahono.net

Class = Method + Variable Class Sepeda gir kecepatan variable tampilkan kecepatan ubah gir method

Object = Method + Variable Bernilai Object Sepedaku gir = 3 kecepatan = 10km/jam instance variable tampilkan kecepatan () kecepatan = 10 km/jam instance method ubah gir (2) gir = 5

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Attribute Variable yang mengitari class, dengan nilai datanya bisa ditentukan di object Variable digunakan untuk menyimpan nilai yang nantinya akan digunakan pada program Variable memiliki jenis (tipe), nama dan nilai Name, age, dan weight adalah atribute (variabel) dari class Person http://romisatriawahono.net

Membuat Class, Object dan Memanggil Atribut romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Membuat Class, Object dan Memanggil Atribut Mobil.java public class Mobil { String warna; int tahunProduksi; } MobilBeraksi.java public class MobilBeraksi{ public static void main(String[] args){ // Membuat object Mobil mobilku = new Mobil(); /* memanggil atribut dan memberi nilai */ mobilku.warna = "Hitam"; mobilku.tahunProduksi = 2006; System.out.println("Warna: " + mobilku.warna); System.out.println("Tahun: " + mobilku.tahunProduksi); } http://romisatriawahono.net

Latihan: Membuat Program dg Netbeans romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Latihan: Membuat Program dg Netbeans Buka Netbeans IDE Ikuti langkah berikut http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming http://romisatriawahono.net

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romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming http://romisatriawahono.net

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Method Method adalah urutan instruksi yang mengakses data dari object romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Method Method adalah urutan instruksi yang mengakses data dari object Method melakukan: Manipulasi data Perhitungan matematika Memonitor kejadian dari suatu event http://romisatriawahono.net

Method romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming http://romisatriawahono.net

Membuat dan Memanggil Method romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Membuat dan Memanggil Method public class Mobil2{ String warna; int tahunProduksi; void printMobil(){ System.out.println("Warna: " + warna); System.out.println("Tahun: " + tahunProduksi); } Mobil2.java public class Mobil2Beraksi{ public static void main(String[] args){ Mobil2 mobilku = new Mobil2(); mobilku.warna = "Hitam"; mobilku.tahunProduksi = 2006; mobilku.printMobil(); } Mobil2Beraksi.java http://romisatriawahono.net

Latihan Buat class Handphone yang berisi empat method: hidupkan() romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Latihan Buat class Handphone yang berisi empat method: hidupkan() lakukanPanggilan() kirimSMS() matikan() Isi masing-masing method dengan tampilan status menggunakan System.out.println() Buat class HandphoneBeraksi, dan panggil method-method diatas dalam class tersebut http://romisatriawahono.net

Latihan: Hasil Tampilan romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Latihan: Hasil Tampilan Handphone hidup … Kring, kring, kring … panggilan dilakukan Dung, dung … sms berhasil terkirim Handphone mati … http://romisatriawahono.net

Jenis Method: Mutator dan Accessor romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Jenis Method: Mutator dan Accessor http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Parameter Sepeda akan berguna apabila ada object lain yang berinterasi dengan sepeda tersebut Object software berinteraksi dan berkomunikasi dengan object lain dengan cara mengirimkan message atau pesan Pesan adalah suatu method, dan informasi dalam pesan dikenal dengan nama parameter http://romisatriawahono.net

Pengiriman Pesan dan Parameter romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Pengiriman Pesan dan Parameter You  object pengirim YourBicycle  object penerima changeGears  pesan berupa method yang dijalankan lowerGear parameter yang dibutuhkan method (pesan) untuk dijalankan http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming http://romisatriawahono.net

Sepeda.java public class Sepeda{ int gir; romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Sepeda.java public class Sepeda{ int gir; // method (mutator) dengan parameter void setGir(int pertambahanGir) { gir= gir+ pertambahanGir; } // method (accessor) int getGir() { return gir; http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming SepedaBeraksi.java public class SepedaBeraksi{ public static void main(String[] args) { // Membuat object Sepeda sepedaku = new Sepeda(); // Memanggil method dan menunjuk nilai parameter sepedaku.setGir(1); // menset nilai gir = 1 System.out.println(“Gir saat ini: “ + sepedaku.getGir()); sepedaku.setGir(3); // menambahkan 3 pada posisi gir saat ini (1) System.out.println(“Gir saat ini: “ + sepedaku.getGir()); } http://romisatriawahono.net

Latihan: Class Matematika dan Parameter romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Latihan: Class Matematika dan Parameter Buat Class bernama Matematika, yang berisi method dengan dua parameter: pertambahan(int a, int b) pengurangan(int a, int b) perkalian(int a, int b) pembagian(int a, int b) Buat Class bernama MatematikaBeraksi, yang mengeksekusi method dan menampilkan: Pertambahan: 20 + 20 = 40 Pengurangan: 10-5 = 5 Perkalian: 10*20 = 200 Pembagian: 21/2 = 10 http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Variasi Tampilan pertambahan(int a, int b){ System.out.println(a + “ + “ + b + “ = “ + (a+b)) } System.out.println(“Hasil = “ + (a+b)) int hasil = a + b; System.out.println(“Hasil = “ + hasil) http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Konstruktor -1- Method yang digunakan untuk memberi nilai awal pada saat object diciptakan Dipanggil secara otomatis ketika new digunakan untuk membuat instan class Sifat konstruktor: Nama konstruktor sama dengan nama class Tidak memiliki nilai balik dan tidak boleh ada kata kunci void http://romisatriawahono.net

Konstruktor -2- Mobil.java MobilKonstruktor.java romi@romisatriawahono.net Konstruktor -2- Object-Oriented Programming Mobil.java public class Mobil { String warna; int tahunProduksi; public Mobil(String warna, int tahunProduksi){ this.warna = warna; this.tahunProduksi = tahunProduksi; } public void info(){ System.out.println("Warna: " + warna); System.out.println("Tahun: " + tahunProduksi); public class MobilKonstruktor{ public static void main(String[] args){ Mobil mobilku = new Mobil(“Merah”, 2003); mobilku.info(); } MobilKonstruktor.java http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Kata Kunci this Digunakan pada pembuatan class dan digunakan untuk menyatakan object sekarang public class Mobil{ String warna; int tahunProduksi; void isiData(String aWarna, int aTahunProduksi){ warna = aWarna; tahunProduksi = aTahunProduksi; } public class Mobil{ String warna; int tahunProduksi; void isiData(String warna, int tahunProduksi){ this.warna = warna; this.tahunProduksi = tahunProduksi; } http://romisatriawahono.net

Latihan Buat class Bank romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Latihan Buat class Bank Buat konstruktor class Bank dengan parameter: saldo Buat method: simpanUang, ambilUang, dan getSaldo Buat class BankBeraksi, tetapkan saldo awal lewat konstruktur Rp. 100000, jalankan 3 method di atas, dan tampilkan proses sebagai berikut: Selamat Datang di Bank ABC Saldo awal: Rp. 100000 Simpan uang: Rp. 500000 Saldo saat ini: Rp. 600000 Ambil uang: Rp. 150000 Saldo saat ini: Rp. 450000 http://romisatriawahono.net

Karakteristik Pemrograman Berorientasi Objek Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Abstraction Cara kita melihat suatu sistem dalam bentuk yang lebih sederhana, yaitu sebagai suatu kumpulan subsistem (object) yang saling berinteraksi. Mobil adalah kumpulan sistem pengapian, sistem kemudi, sistem pengereman Alat meng-abstraksikan sesuatu adalah class Object bersifat modularity. Object dapat ditulis dan dimaintain terpisah (independen) dari object lain http://romisatriawahono.net

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romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Encapsulation Mekanisme menyembunyikan suatu proses dan data dalam sistem untuk menghindari interferensi, dan menyederhanakan penggunaan proses itu sendiri Tongkat transmisi (gigi) pada mobil Tombol on/off/pengaturan suhu pada AC Class access level (public, protected, privat) adalah implementasi dari konsep encapsulation Enkapsulasi data dapat dilakukan dengan cara: mendeklarasikan instance variable sebagai private mendeklarasikan method yang sifatnya public untuk mengakses variable tersebut http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming http://romisatriawahono.net

Encapsulation dan Access Modifier romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Encapsulation dan Access Modifier Modifier Dalam Class yang Sama Dalam Package yang Sama Dalam SubClass Dalam Package Lain private    tanpa tanda protected public    http://romisatriawahono.net

Encapsulation Enkapsulasi data juga dapat dilakukan dengan cara: romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Encapsulation Enkapsulasi data juga dapat dilakukan dengan cara: mendeklarasikan instance variable sebagai private mendeklarasikan method yang sifatnya public untuk mengakses variable tersebut http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Sepeda.java public class Sepeda{ int gir; void setGir(int pertambahanGir) { gir= gir+ pertambahanGir; } int getGir() { return gir; http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming SepedaBeraksi.java public class SepedaBeraksi{ public static void main(String[] args) { Sepeda sepedaku = new Sepeda(); sepedaku.setGir(1); /* Variabel bisa diubah atau tidak sengaja diubah. Hal ini berbahaya dan sering menimbulkan bug. Berikan access modifier private pada instance variable */ sepedaku.gir = 3; System.out.println(“Gir saat ini: “ + sepedaku.getGir()); } http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Sepeda.java public class Sepeda{ private int gir; // access modifier private pada instance variable void setGir(int pertambahanGir) { gir= gir+ pertambahanGir; } int getGir() { return gir; http://romisatriawahono.net

Inheritance (Pewarisan) Suatu class dapat mewariskan atribut dan method kepada class lain (subclass), serta membentuk class hierarchy Penting untuk Reusability Java Keyword: extends

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Sepeda.java public class Sepeda{ private int gir; void setGir(int pertambahanGir) { gir= gir+ pertambahanGir; } int getGir() { return gir; http://romisatriawahono.net

Class SepedaGunung Mewarisi Class Sepeda romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Class SepedaGunung Mewarisi Class Sepeda public class SepedaGunung extends Sepeda{ private int sadel; void setSadel (int jumlah) { sadel = getGir() - jumlah; } int getSadel(){ return sadel; public class SepedaGunungBeraksi { public static void main(String[] args) { SepedaGunung sg=new SepedaGunung(); sg.setGir(3); System.out.println(sg.getGir()); sg.setSadel(1); System.out.println(sg.getSadel()); } SepedaGunung.java SepedaGunungBeraksi.java http://romisatriawahono.net

Latihan: Inheritance Matematika romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Latihan: Inheritance Matematika Buat class MatematikaCanggih yang merupakan inherit dari class Matematika Tambahkan method modulus(int a, int b) yang menghitung modulus dari a dan b Operator modulus adalah % Buat class MatematikaCanggihBeraksi yang memanggil method pertambahan, perkalian dan modulus http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Polymorphism Kemampuan untuk memperlakukan object yang memiliki perilaku (bentuk) yang berbeda Implementasi konsep polymorphism: Overloading: Kemampuan untuk menggunakan nama yang sama untuk beberapa method yang berbeda parameter (tipe dan atau jumlah) Overriding: Kemampuan subclass untuk menimpa method dari superclass, yaitu dengan cara menggunakan nama dan parameter yang sama pada method http://romisatriawahono.net

Polymorphism – Overloading romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Polymorphism – Overloading class Mobil { String warna; int tahunProduksi; public Mobil(String warna, int tahunProduksi){ this.warna = warna; this.tahunProduksi = tahunProduksi; } public Mobil(){ void info(){ System.out.println("Warna: " + warna); System.out.println("Tahun: " + tahunProduksi); public class MobilKonstruktor{ public static void main(String[] args){ Mobil mobilku = new Mobil(“Merah”, 2003); mobilku.info(); Mobil mobilmu = new Mobil(); mobilmu.info(); } http://romisatriawahono.net

Polymorphism – Overloading romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Polymorphism – Overloading class Lingkaran{ void gambarLingkaran(){ } void gambarLingkaran(int diameter){ ... void gambarLingkaran(int diameter, int x, int y){ ... void gambarLingkaran(int diameter, int x, int y, int warna, String namaLingkaran){ ... http://romisatriawahono.net

Polymorphism - Overriding romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Polymorphism - Overriding public class Sepeda{ protected int gir; void setGir(int pertambahanGir) { gir= gir+ pertambahanGir; } int getGir() { return gir; http://romisatriawahono.net

Polymorphism - Overriding romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Polymorphism - Overriding public class SepedaGunung extends Sepeda{ void setGir(int pertambahanGir) { super.setGir(pertambahanGir); gir = 2*getGir(); } public class SepedaGunungBeraksi { public static void main(String[] args) { SepedaGunung sg=new SepedaGunung(); sg.setGir(2); System.out.println(sg.getGir()); sg.setGir(3); } SepedaGunung.java SepedaGunungBeraksi.java http://romisatriawahono.net

Latihan: Overloading pada Matematika romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Latihan: Overloading pada Matematika Kembangkan class Matematika, MatematikaCanggih dan MatematikaBeraksi Lakukan overloading pada Method yang ada (pertambahan, pengurangan, perkalian, pembagian, modulus) Tambahkan method baru bertipe data double (pecahan) dan memiliki 3 parameter: double a, double b, double c Uji di kelas MatematikaBeraksi dengan parameter pecahan: 12.5, 28.7, 14.2 Misalnya: pertambahan(12.5, 28.7, 14.2) pertambahan(12, 28, 14) pertambahan(23, 34) pertambahan(3.4, 4.9) http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Matematika.java public class Matematika{ void pertambahan (int a, int b){ int hasil= a + b; System.out.println(“hasil:” + hasil); } void pertambahan (double a, double b, double c){ int hasil= a + b + c; ... http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Summary -1- The systems analyst is a key person analyzing the business, identifying opportunities for improvement, and designing information systems to implement these ideas There are five major team roles: Business analyst Systems analyst Infrastructure analyst Change management analyst Project manager http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Summary -2- The Systems Development Lifecycle consists of four stages: Planning, Analysis, Design, and Implementation The major development methodologies: Structured design Waterfall method Parallel development RAD development Phased Development Prototyping Throw-away Prototyping Agile development Extreme Programming http://romisatriawahono.net

Summary -3- UML concepts are based on object- oriented paradigm romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Summary -3- UML is the standard language for visualizing, specifying, constructing, and documenting the artifacts of a software-intensive system UML version 2.0 has 14 diagrams in 2 groups: Structure Diagrams Behavior Diagrams UML concepts are based on object- oriented paradigm http://romisatriawahono.net

romi@romisatriawahono.net Object-Oriented Programming Referensi Alan Dennis et al, Systems Analysis and Design with UML 4th Edition, John Wiley and Sons, 2013 Kenneth E. Kendall and Julie E Kendall, Systems Analysis and Design 8th Edition, Prentice Hall, 2010 Hassan Gomaa, Software Modeling and Design: UML, Use Cases, Patterns, and Software Architectures, Cambridge University Press, 2011 Gary B. Shelly and Harry J. Rosenblatt, Systems Analysis and Design 9th Edition, Course Technology, 2011 Howard Podeswa, UML for the IT Business Analyst 2nd Edition, Thomson Course Technology, 2009 Jeffrey A. Hoffer et al, Modern Systems Analysis and Design 6th Edition, Prentice Hall, 2012 http://romisatriawahono.net