Universitas Indonesia Triarko Nurlambang

Untuk TUJUAN APA ? Sustainability Competitiveness

Idealism: United in Diversity based on Pacasila (?) Hundreds of ethnic groups Unbalanced geodemographic distribution (less densed pop. in eastern) Dominated by muslim (concentrated in western and center) SocietyEconomy Environment Economic/business activities concentraed more in Western part Western part has better infrastructure and business support Western part is closer to international business center (Singapore-Malaysia and East Asia) Big gap between urban and rural economy Biodiversity; second richest in the world (land + sea) Heavy exploitation in western rather than eastern Scaterred Resources (tangibles and intangibles) Confusing Laws central vs local by sector

Budaya (non-Formal) Kelembagaan Legal (formal) Social Capital Modal alam dan buatan manusia Alokasi sumber daya Kesejahteraan Pasar Persepsi Masyarakat (Human Capital)

Ecological / Carrying Capacity Root Resource / environment root Biosphere root Critique of technology root No-growth/ slow- slow growth root Eco-development root

Thomas Malthus Karl Marx

Malthus and Marx Today Neo-Malthusians - Believe we are approaching, or have already surpassed, the earth’s carrying capacity. - We should make over-population issues our first priority. Neo-Marxists - Believe eliminating oppression and poverty through social justice is the only solution to the population problem. - Wealth and resource distribution must be addressed.

Ecologist Paul Ehrlich argues the American lifestyle is driving the global ecosystem to the brink of collapse. Economist Julian Simon argued human ingenuity, not resources, limits economic growth and lifestyles.

U.S. Urban Core Agglomerations Linked flow information, capital, labor, goods, services Mostly coastal, transportation links

Cities in Developing Countries

Future Growth: Developing Countries Developing country urban rural

Both plans provide 36 home sites. Conventional Subdivision versus Cluster Housing (Open-Space Zoning) Quality of environment but not waste, food production

take a break please

This area is devoted to the study of whole systems. Nature is a whole system. But also an economy, a family, a company, a community, or many other things, can be looked at as whole systems. A whole system view would include all the factors involved and examine how they relate to each other and how they work as a whole. To deal with a whole system we can't leave anything out as irrelevant. Intuition is as important as rationality, we must address both scientific and artistic approaches, both material and spiritual needs, the small as well as the big, what we feel as well as what we think, what we perceive as well as what we imagine. Whole systems are dynamic, they change they move, they develop. Frozen pictures of how things are supposed to be might do us no good, we need to deal with the live systems, whichever surprising directions that might take us in. There is no one authority in the field of whole systems. Luckily nobody has monopolized it by putting it into a standard curriculum defining what it IS. So, we all have the opportunity to discover together what whole systems are about.

Firm Strategy, Structure, and Rivalry Related and Supporting Industries Factor Conditions Demand Conditions a.Human resources b.Knowledge resources c.Physical resources d.Capital resources e.infrastructure Influences on Factor Creation (Porter, 1990)

(Pemanfaatan Metode Sistem Informasi Geografi) Contoh pemanfaatan penentuan lokasi dengan SIG…….. Data Primer Data sekunder Spatial setting Social survey Site factors analysis 1. Site cognitive 2. Distance cognitive Location factors analysis 1. Potential area 2. Area situation/environment Analisa buffer dan network Analisa Internal Analisa Eksternal Lokasi Potensi Outlet Kawasan Industri 1. Prioritas lokasi potensi untuk kawasan industri 2. Gambaran situasi pendukung lokasi kawasan industri

DAYA SAINGSTRATEGI FAKTOR KUNCI KEBERHASILAN INDUSTRI KAPABILITAS ORGANISASI KOMPETENSI TANGIBLEINTANGIBLESDM FISIKKEUANGANTEKNOLOGIREPUTASIBUDAYAKETRAMPILAN & PENGETAHUAN KHUSUS KOMUNIKASI & INTERAKTIF MOTIVASI COLLECTIVE LEARNING SYARAT :AKSES KE PASAR TIDAK MUDAH DITIRU KONTRIBUSI KE STAKE HOLDER

THE ROOT OF COMPETITIVENESS BUSINESS 1BUSINESS 2BUSINESS 3BUSINESS 4 Core Product 1 Core Product 2 KABUPATEN COMPETENCE 1 KABUPATEN COMPETENCE 2 KABUPATEN COMPETENCE 3 THE ROOT OF COMPETITIVENESS ATASE PERDAGANGAN TRADING HOUSE ITPC ATASE PERDAGANGAN TRADING HOUSE ITPC ATASE PERDAGANGAN TRADING HOUSE ITPC 321 ATASE PERDAGANGAN TRADING HOUSE ITPC Final product KABUPATEN COMPETENCE 4

Sistem Informasi Geografis Uji Syarat Unggulan: 1.Akses Pasar 2.Kontribusi Stakeholder 3.Barrier to Immitation Potensi Sumberdaya dan eksisting (analisa regional) (Analisa statistik deskriptif/ clustering) Apa/ berapa/ dimana per’produk’an utama (kompetensi inti) Fine tune local competency Value Chain (main activities): 1.Inbound Logistics 2.Manufacturing 3. Outbound Logistrics Valuating its industrial proses Valuating its multiplier effect Investigasi rposes industrisai process(mis. I-O model) Expert Choise/scoring analysis Strategic Routing 1.Core industries 2.Augment Industry Investigasi business linkages and Value Added Expert Choice/ Scoring analysis + EVA (Evaluation Value Added) ….. Slide berikutnya

POPIS 1.Physical Capital 2.Organization Capital 3.Power Capital 4.Intellectual Capital 5.Social Capital Valuating its Capacity Studi kelayakan Recana Strategis dan program Monitoring dan evaluasi Kajian kemungkinan implementasi dan rancangan monitoring & evaluasi Gap analysis (hasil scoring VC & SR) Expert choise/ scoring analysis Scenario analysis Teknik Deplhi IFA dan EFA Matching ESPQ Implementing Trading House Business Plan and regulating its operating Good Corporate Governance & Balance Score Card approach; inisiatif bisa dari pemda dan kepemilikan terbuka Implementasi SAKASAKTI dengan mengaktifasi Trading House Daerah

P hysical Capital : P hysical Capital :sumberdaya alam, buatan, modal dan teknologi O rganizational Capital: O rganizational Capital: SDM, kemampuan manjerial, kepemimpinan, kekuatan visi dan misi P ower Capital P ower Capital: kemampuan organisasi untuk bersaing dan positioning I ntellectual Capital: I ntellectual Capital: kemampuan pengetahuan (knowledge) dan ketrampilan (skill/ know how) --> kemampuan inovasi S ocio-cultural Capital S ocio-cultural Capital: modal masyarakat industri, seperti semangat kebersamaan, persahabatan, nilai keyakinan,

Hard Attraction FactorsSoft Attraction Factors Economic stability Productivity Costs Property concept Local support services and networks Communication infrastructure Strategic location Incentive schemes and program Niche development Quality of Life Professional and workforce competencies Culture Personal relationship Management style Flexibility and dynamism Professionalism in contact with the market Enterpreneurship Note: Hard factors are those that can be measured in more-or-less objective term Soft factors are not so easily measured and represent the more subjective characteristics of place (Kotler, et.al., 2002)