Pertemuan 1 PENGANTAR MANAJEMEN DAN ORGANISASI Matakuliah : F0542/Manajemen Umum Tahun : 2005 Versi : 5 Pertemuan 1 PENGANTAR MANAJEMEN DAN ORGANISASI

Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa akan mampu : Learning Outcomes Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa akan mampu : Menjelaskan akan pengertian manajemen, fungsi dan proses manajemen, peran manajemen, mengapa mempelajari manajemen, manajer, apa yang dilakukan manajer dan organisasi BINA NUSANTARA

Outline Materi Who Are Managers? What Is Management? What Do Managers Do? Management Functions and Processes Management Roles Interpersonal Roles Informational Roles Decisional Roles Management Skills Technical Skills Human Skills Conceptual Skills Managing Systems Managing in Different and Changing Situations What Is an Organization? Why Study Management? BINA NUSANTARA

Manager Apakah Manajer itu? 01 / 02 - 20 Apakah Manajer itu? Manager someone who works with and through other people by coordinating their work activities in order to accomplish organizational goals changing nature of organizations and work has blurred the clear lines of distinction between managers and non-managerial employees

Apakah Manajer itu? Managerial Titles 01 / 03 - 20 Apakah Manajer itu? Managerial Titles First-line managers (pertama) - manage the work of non-managerial individuals who are directly involved with the production or creation of the organization’s products Middle managers (menengah) - all managers between the first-line level and the top level of the organization Top managers (atas) - responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing the plans and goals that affect the entire organization

Level-level Organisasi 01 / 04 - 20 Level-level Organisasi Top Managers Middle Managers First-line Managers Non-managerial Employees

Apakah Manajemen? Manajemen 01 / 05 - 20 Apakah Manajemen? Manajemen Proses koordinasi kegiatan kerja sehingga bisa diselesaikan dengan efisien dan efektif melalui orang lain Elements of definition Process - represents ongoing functions or primary activities engaged in by managers Coordinating - distinguishes a managerial position from a non-managerial one

Apakah Manajemen? Manajemen Elements of definition 01 / 06 - 20 Apakah Manajemen? Manajemen Elements of definition Efficiency - getting the most output from the least amount of inputs “doing things right” concerned with means Effectiveness - completing activities so that organizational goals are attained “doing the right things” concerned with ends

Efisiensi dan Efektifitas dalam Manajemen 01 / 07 - 20 Efisiensi dan Efektifitas dalam Manajemen Management Strives For: Low resource waste (high efficiency) High goal attainment (high effectiveness) Goal Attainment Effectiveness (Ends) Resource Usage Efficiency (Means) Low Waste High Attainment

Apa yang dilakukan Manajer? 01 / 08 - 20 Apa yang dilakukan Manajer? Fungsi dan Proses Manajemen Planning - defining goals, establishing strategies for achieving those goals, and developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities Organizing - determining what tasks are to be done, who is to do them, how the tasks are to be grouped, who reports to whom, and where decisions are made Leading - directing and motivating all involved parties and dealing with employee behavior issues Controlling - monitoring activities to ensure that they are going as planned

Apa yang dilakukan Manajer? 01 / 09 - 20 Apa yang dilakukan Manajer? Fungsi dan Proses Manajemen Management process set of ongoing decisions and work activities in which managers engage as they plan, organize, lead, and control managerial activities are usually done in a continuous manner

Apa yang dilakukan Manajer? 01 / 10 - 20 Apa yang dilakukan Manajer? Peran Manajemen specific categories of managerial behavior Interpersonal - involve people and duties that are ceremonial and symbolic in nature Informational - receiving, collecting, and disseminating information Decisional - revolve around making choices

Apa yang dilakukan Manajer? 01 / 11 - 20 Apa yang dilakukan Manajer? Ketrampilan Manajemen Technical - knowledge of and proficiency in a certain specialized field Human - ability to work well with other people both individually and in a group Conceptual - ability to think and to conceptualize about abstract and complex situations see the organization as a whole understand the relationships among subunits visualize how the organization fits into its broader environment

EXHIBIT 1.5: SKILLS NEEDED AT DIFFERENT MANAGEMENT LEVELS 01 / 12 - 20 EXHIBIT 1.5: SKILLS NEEDED AT DIFFERENT MANAGEMENT LEVELS

Apa yang dilakukan Manajer? 01 / 13 - 20 Apa yang dilakukan Manajer? Managing Systems System - a set of interrelated and interdependent parts arranged in a manner that produces a unified whole Closed system - not influenced by and do not interact with their environment Open system - dramatically interact with their environment organizations - take in inputs from their environments

Organisasi sebagai suatu Sistem Terbuka 01 / 14 - 20 Organisasi sebagai suatu Sistem Terbuka System Employee’s work activities Management Technology and operations methods Outputs Inputs Raw materials Human resources Capital Technology Information Products and services Financial results Human results Environment Feedback Transformation

Apa yang dilakukan Manajer? 01 / 15 - 20 Apa yang dilakukan Manajer? Managing Systems (cont.) managers must coordinate various work activities ensure that interdependent parts work together recognize and understand the impact of various external factors

Apa yang dilakukan Manajer? 01 / 16 - 20 Apa yang dilakukan Manajer? Managing in Different and Changing Situations require managers to use different approaches and techniques Contingency perspective - different ways of managing are required in different organizations and different circumstances stresses that there are no simplistic or universal rules contingency variable

Apakah Organisasi? Organization 01 / 17 - 20 Apakah Organisasi? Organization a deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish some specific purpose elements of definition each organization has a distinct purpose each organization is composed of people all organizations develop some deliberate structure today’s organizations have adopted: flexible work arrangements open communications greater responsiveness to changes

EXHIBIT 1.10: THE CHANGING ORGANIZATION 01 / 18 - 20 EXHIBIT 1.10: THE CHANGING ORGANIZATION

Mengapa Mempelajari Manajemen? 01 / 19 - 20 Mengapa Mempelajari Manajemen? Universality of Management management is needed in all types and sizes of organizations at all organizational levels in all work areas management functions must be performed in all organizations

EXHIBIT 1.11: UNIVERSAL NEED FOR MANAGEMENT 01 / 20 - 20 EXHIBIT 1.11: UNIVERSAL NEED FOR MANAGEMENT