1 Pertemuan 2 Voltage and Current Laws Matakuliah: H0042/Teori Rangkaian Listrik Tahun: 2005 Versi: <<versi/01

2 Learning Outcomes Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa akan mampu : Menjelaskan elemen sumber daya dan tahanan dalam rangkaian listrik dc Menghubungkan elemen sumber daya dan tahanan dalam rangkaian listrik dc

3 Outline Materi Materi 1: Kirchoff Current law Materi 2 : Kirchoff voltage law Materi 3 : Hubungan beban serial Materi 4 : hubungan beban paralel Materi 5 : hubungan sumber

4 Chapter 3 Voltage and Current Laws Engineering Circuit Analysis Sixth Edition W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin Copyright © 2002 McGraw-Hill, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Fig. 3.1 “A circuit containing three nodes and five branches …” Fig. 3.2Example node to illustrate the application of KCL. Fig “Addition of multiple voltage or current sources.” Fig Examples of circuits with multiple sources,... Fig (a) Series combination of N resistors. Fig (a) A circuit with N resistors in parallel. Fig An illustration of voltage division. Fig. 3.32Circuit for Practice Problem Fig. 3.33An illustration of current division. Fig “Determine the current I x if I 1 = 100 mA.”

5 W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition. Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved. (a) A circuit containing three nodes and five branches. (b) Node 1 is redrawn to look like two nodes; it is still one node.

6 Fig. 3.2 Example node to illustrate the applicaton of Kirchhoff’s current law W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition. Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.

7 (a) Series connected voltage sources can be replaced by a single source. (b) Parallel current sources can be replaced by a single source. Fig “Addition of multiple voltage or current sources.” W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition. Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.

8 Fig Examples of circuits with multiple sources, some of which violate Kirchhoff’s laws. W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition. Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.

9 (a) Series combination of N resistors. (b) Electrically equivalent circuit. W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition. Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.

10 W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition. Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved. (a) A circuit with N resistors in parallel. (b) Equivalent circuit. Beginning with a simple KCL equation, or Thus, A special case worth remembering is

11 W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition. Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved. An illustration of voltage division. We may find v 2 by applying KVL and Ohm’s law: so Thus, or For a string of N series resistors, we may write:

12 Fig Circuit from Practice Problem W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition. Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved. Use voltage division to determine v x in the adjacent circuit.

13 W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition. Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved. An illustration of current division. The current flowing through R 2 is For a parallel combination of N resistors, the current through R k is or

14 Determine the current I x if I 1 = 100 mA. W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition. Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.

15 RESUME Nilai tegangan pada beban paralel adalah sama. Nilai arus pada beban serial adalah sama. Hukum kirchoff dapat dipergunakan untuk analisa tegangan berdasarkan Kirchoff voltage law. Hukum kirchoff dapat dipergunakan untuk analisa arusberdasarkan Kirchoff current law.