POLYMER Evy Endah Purwandani.

POLYMER Evy Endah Purwandani

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LEARNING OBJECTIVES After studying this chapter, students are expected tobe able to : Explain definition of polymer Classify of polymer Explain the polymerization reaction Mention the properties of synthetic polymer Apply nomenclature of synthetic polymer Mention purposes of polymer in human life. Hal.: 2 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

THE DEFINITION OF POLYMER
Polymer is a large molecule or macromolecule (giant molecule) made up of monomers. Polymer making reaction is called POLYMERIZATION MONOMER Polymerization MONOMER POLYMER MONOMER macromolecul Small unit Hal.: 3 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

The Polymerization Reaction
Hal.: 4 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

Examples of Monomer dan Polymer
NAME CH2=CH2 -CH2-CH2- Polyetilena CH2=CHCl -CH2-CHCl- Polyvinilchlorida (PVC) CF2 = CF2 - CF2 - CF2- Polytetraetilen (Teflon) CH2=CHC6H5 -CH2-CHC6H5- Polystirena Hal.: 5 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

EXAMPLES OF POLYMER PRODUCT

CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMER
Based on their source ORGANIC POLYMER INORGANIC POLYMER SYNTHETIC POLYMER NATURE POLYMER (BIOPOLIMER) carbohidrat (starch, cellulose). protein, nucleic acid, nature rubber Polyetilena, PVC, teflon, nylon, polyester, bakelit, synthetic rubber. Hal.: 7 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

ORGANIC POLYMER Organic polymer is polymer that can be found in nature and comes from living organism. For examples are starch, cellulose, protein,nucleic acid, rubber. Generally, biopolymer are hydrophilic, hardly melt, hard tobe molded Hal.: 8 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

SYNTHETIC POLYMER Synthetic polymer does not exist in nature and is made by human. Its characteristics can be arranged based on the needs, such as high and low melting points, the flexibility, the hardness, and the endurance to chemicals. Polymer making reaction is called POLYMERIZATION Hal.: 9 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

CLASSIFICATION OF SYNTHETIC POLYMER
Addition polymer from additon polymerization reaction Condensation polymer From condensation polymerization reaction Kinds of polymerization reaction Homopolimer With one type of monomer, such protein, cellulose Kopolimer Whose monomers are not from the some types. Kinds of monomer SYNTHETIC POLYMER Based on Thermoplastic Unheatable polymer, will melt if it is heated, and it can be melted to be re-printed (recycled) Thermosetting Heatable polymer, will not melt (hard to softened and recycled) Elastomer Elastis, will be back to the first shape after getting tensed. Characteristic of polymer Hal.: 10 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

THE KINDS OF POLYMERIZATION
ADDITION POLYMER Is breaking down reaction of double bond to single bond. Addition Polymerization is reaction of making polymer from monomers which Have double bond (unsaturated bond) n(…-CH2-CH2-….) […-CH2-CH2-….]n CH2=CH2 Breaking down reaction of double bond to single bond ethene Polyethylene Hal.: 11 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

Addition Polymer Hal.: 12 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

KINDS OF POLYMERIZATION
Condensation polymerization Is reaction to bundle functional groups between two monomers and Produces water molecule and polymer whose monomers have fungtional group in both ends of their chains. Hal.: 13 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYMER
BIOPOLYMER Characteristic of biopolymer are less advantageous. For examples, sometimes easily damaged, not elastic, hydrophylic, hardly melt, hard to be molded, and wavy. SYNTHETIC POLYMER Difficulty to degradate by microorganism The characteristics are based on : Chain length Affinity between molecules Branches of chain. Cross-linked between molecules Hal.: 14 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

Characteristics of synthetic polymer
The chain becomes long Affinity of molecule arise STRENGH and melting points arise STRENGH and melting points are decresease The branches become large Termoplastic examples: polyethene the chain is not hard. and can be heated. Cross-linked No Yes Termosetting Plastic Example : Bakelite The chain become hard (easily damaged) Can be heated one times, if damages, can not be back to first shape. Hal.: 15 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

BAKELITE with cross-linked

NOMENCLATURE OF POLYMER
Based on Taksisitas and isomerization Monomer names (sources names and generally names) By write “poly” word before monomers Begin with i alphabet for isotactic and s for sindiotaktik Begin with cis/ trans for geometric isomers Examples : styrena become polystyrena Acrylic acid become poly(acrylic acid) Hal.: 17 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

The examples of polymer nomenclature
Monomer Polymer ethylene Polyetilene propilene Polypropilene Styren Polystirene tetrafluoroethylene Polytetrafluoroetilena Acrylic acid Poly (acrylic acid) Metilmetacrylate Poly(metilmetacrylate) 1,3-butadiene trans-1,4-poli(1, butadiene) Styrene i-polystyrene Hal.: 18 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

Polymer in our life POLYETHYLENE/ POLY ETHENE often called is “plastic” Made from addition polymerization of ethylene There are two kinds of polyethylena, - low density - high density Hal.: 19 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

POLIETHYLENE Polyethylene with low density often used for plastic food warps,plastic bags, pails Poliethylene with high density is more hard, but easily to re-printed. soo,it is used for cooking utensils, cables,etc. Hal.: 20 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

POLIPROPYLENE The properties of polypropene is Similar to those of polyethene, but Is stronger than polyethene and More resistant to heat, acid and base. It is widely produced to make plastic bottles, sacks,water containers, rope and cable (as insulator) Hal.: 21 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

TEFLON (Tetrafluoroethene)
Poly(tetrafluoroethene)/PTFE Teflon is a thin coating which is very resistant to heat and chemical subtance. Teflon is used as the coating for cooking utensils (non-stick coating), chemical containers, anti broken pipes, and electric cables. Hal.: 22 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC)
by polymerization of monomer chloroethylene (CH2=CHCl) Is hard and rigid. It is used to make plastic pipes, synthetif leathers, and plastic tiles. Hal.: 23 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

BAKELITE (Phenol-formaldehide)
termosetting plastic, made up of two kinds of monomers: phenol and formaldehyde. It is very hard, heat resistant and has very high melting point bakelite is used in electric fitting component. Hal.: 24 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

POLYESTER made of monomer ester There are synthetic fiber Dactron and Tetoron are their product. Polymer is very strong, elastic and transparent. It is used to make synthetic fiber and a thin plastic film called mylar. Hal.: 25 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

SYNTHETIC RUBBER made of from monomer stirena dan 1,3-butadiena (SBR) Berikatan dengan sulfida dengan ikatan silang melalui reaksi vulkanisasi Bersifat keras dan kuat Cocok dipakai untuk ban mobil Hal.: 26 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

Polymethylmethaacrylate (PMMA)
One of the trade names for polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is flexyglass. Polymethyl methaacrylate is an addition polymer made up of methyl methacrylate. PMMA is strong and transparent polymer. It is used to make the windows of an aeroplane and the rear lights of a car. Hal.: 27 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

Acrylic acid polymer (asam 2-propenoat) dan Synthetic fiber
Acrylic acid polymer is like wool fiber. It is used for socks, carpet, etc. Synthetic polymer of fiber is nylon 66 and nylon 6. Nylon is polyamide and used as cloth fiber. Hal.: 28 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

REFERENCES Zulfikar, Kimia Kesehatan, Jilid 3, Direktorat Pembinaan SMK,Depdiknas,2008 Sandri Justiana, CHEMISTRY for Senior High School,Bilingual,3 Year XII, Yudhistira,2009 Hal.: 29 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

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