FISIKA DASAR Pertemuan ke-3 Mukhtar Effendi.

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1 FISIKA DASAR Pertemuan ke-3 Mukhtar Effendi

2 Konsep dasar mekanika dan termodinamika Besaran dan satuan Vektor
GBPP Konsep dasar mekanika dan termodinamika Besaran dan satuan Vektor Kinematika dan dinamika pertikel Kerja dan Energi Gerak Rotasi Mekanika Fluida Termodinamika Getaran Gelombang dan Optika Kelistrikan Resnick dan Halliday, 1983, Fisika terjemahan P Silaban dan E Sucipto, Erlangga, Jakarta. Sutrisna, 1978, Seri FIsika dasar, Penerbit ITB, Bandung Sears dan Zamansky, 1981, Physics University, Addison Wesley Reading Massachusset. Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

3 III. Kinematika dan Dinamika Partikel
Kinematika : Membahas deskripsi gerak Dinamika : Membahas benda yang mengalami gerak Gerak satu dimensi Gerak dua dimensi Hukum-hukum gerak Gerak melingkar dan aplikasi lainnya Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

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III.A. Gerak 1 dimensi 1 Displacement, Velocity and Speed 2 Instantaneous Velocity and Speed 3 Acceleration 4 One-Dimensional Motion with Constant Acceleration 5 Freely Falling Objects Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

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III.A.1 Displacement, Velocity and Speed Perpindahan (besaran vektor): perubahan posisi Kecepatan rata-rata (besaran vektor): Perpindahan dibagi rentang waktu selama terjadinya perpindahan tersebut. Kelajuan rata-rata (besaran skalar): Jarak yang ditempuh dibagi rentang waktu yang dibutuhkan selama perjalanan. Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

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Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

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III.A.2. Instantaneous Velocity and Speed Instantaneous velocity x equals the limiting value of the ratio x/t as t approaches zero Note that the displacement x also approaches zero as t approaches zero. As x and t become smaller and smaller, the ratio x/t approaches a value equal to the slope of the line tangent to the x-versus-t curve. Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

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In calculus notation, this limit is called the derivative of x with respect to t, written dx/dt: The instantaneous speed of a particle is defined as the magnitude of its velocity. Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

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Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

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A particle moves along the x axis. Its x coordinate varies with time according to the expression where x is in meters and t is in seconds. The position–time graph for this motion is shown in Figure below. Note that the particle moves in the negative x direction for the first second of motion, is at rest at the moment t = 1 s, and moves in the positive x direction for Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

12 III. Kinematika dan Dinamika Partikel
(a) Determine the displacement of the particle in the time intervals t = 0 to t = 1 s and t = 1 s to t = 3 s. Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

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(b) Calculate the average velocity during these two time intervals. Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

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(c) Find the instantaneous velocity of the particle at t = 2.5 s. Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

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III.A.3. Acceleration The average acceleration of the particle is defined as the change in velocity x divided by the time interval t during which that change occurred: Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

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the instantaneous acceleration equals the derivative of the velocity with respect to time, Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

17 III. Kinematika dan Dinamika Partikel
The velocity of a particle moving along the x axis varies in time according to the expression , where t is in seconds. (a) Find the average acceleration in the time interval t = 0 to t = 2.0 s. Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

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III.A.4. Gerak 1 dimensi dengan percepatan konstan Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

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Sebuah pesawat mendarat dengan kecepatan 63 m/s. Berapakah percepatannya jika pesawat tsb berhenti dalam 2 detik? Berapakah perpindahan pesawat sejak di-rem sampai berhenti? Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

23 III. Kinematika dan Dinamika Partikel
III.A.5. Gerak jatuh bebas Hanya dipengaruhi gaya gravitasi saja, tanpa memperhatikan gerak asalnya. Benda yang dilempar keatas atau kebawah atau dilepaskan dari keadaan diam, mengalami percepatan gravitasi yang arahnya kebawah (menuju pusat bumi) tanpa memperhatikan gerak asalnya. g = 9.8 m/s2 g = 10 m/s2 Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

24 III. Kinematika dan Dinamika Partikel
A stone thrown from the top of a building is given an initial velocity of 20.0 m/s straight upward. The building is 50.0 m high, and the stone just misses the edge of the roof on its way down, as shown in Figure below. Using tA = 0 as the time the stone leaves the thrower’s hand at position , determine (a) the time at which the stone reaches its maximum height, (b) the maximum height, (c) the time at which the stone returns to the height from which it was thrown, (d) the velocity of the stone at this instant, and (e) the velocity and position of the stone at t = 5 s Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

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III. B. Gerak 2 dimensi 1 The Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration Vectors 2 Two-Dimensional Motion with Constant Acceleration 3 Projectile Motion 4 Uniform Circular Motion 5 Tangential and Radial Acceleration 6 Relative Velocity and Relative Acceleration Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

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III.B.1. Vektor-vektor perpindahan, kecepatan dan percepatan Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

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Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

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III.B.2. Gerak 2 dimensi dengan percepatan konstan Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

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III.B.3. Gerak Peluru Mukhtar Effendi Fisika Dasar

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