AGROFORESTRY.

Presentasi berjudul: "AGROFORESTRY."— Transcript presentasi:

1 AGROFORESTRY

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3 Agroforestry (ICRAF 1982) Agroforestry denotes a sustainable land and crop management system that strives to increase yields on a continuing basis, by combining the production of woody forestry crops (including fruit and other tree crops) with arable or field crops and/or animals simultaneously or sequentially on the same unit of land, and applying management practices that are compatible with the cultural practices of the local population.

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7 Definisi alley cropping
Merupakan metode penanaman tanaman pangan diantara tanaman pagar (hedgerow) yang ditanam searah garis ketinggian (kontur) menurut jalur dalam barisan (Dirjen Tanaman Pangan,1992)

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10 Tujuan : Mengatasi cekaman lingkungan (kekeringan)
Mencegah erosi dan aliran permukaan Mghasilkan mulsa dan BO Pendaur-ulangan hara dari lap. Bawah ke atas Menekan pertumbuhan gulma (Cholil et al,1993; Kang et al,1984)

11 Tujuan : Sbg pakan ternak
Tan pagar akan melindungi tan. Pokok dr serangan angin kencang (Dirjen tan pangan,1992; Effendi dan Suwarjo,1990) Tan pagar scr berangsur-angsur bisa membentuk teras alami Meningkatkan prod. Tan pangan pd musim ketiga (Irianto et al,1993)

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16 Alley Cropping Long-term goal = food crop Trees in hedgerows
Crops in alleys Trees pruned reduce shading green mulch Legumes favored

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19 PENGERTIAN Adalah usaha integrasi tan. pangan, hutan, rumput dan leguminosa pakan ternak dalam suatu lahan Tujuan : - produksi tanaman pangan, pakan ternak dan kayu bakar - pelestarian hutan

20 Lereng gunung - tan. Pangan di lantai lereng (teras) - silvipasture (hutan + padang gembala) - bag. slope/miring di lereng hutan - penahan erosi/penguat teras == konservasi lahan

21 Penggunaan Stylo pada sistem ini
Meningkatkan prod. Tan. Pangan 6-26 % Meningkatkan produksi HMT % Membasmi weeds Meningkatkan kesuburan tanah (Singh,1989) Pengintegrasian tan. legum harus tepat supaya tidak mengganggu sistem produksi pertanian.

22 Sistem ini  Us. Tani yg LESTARI (Sustainable Farming System)
Hijauan tersedia sepanjang tahun Meningkatkan stabilitas produksi ternak Meningkatkan pendapatan petani

23 Sistem ini byk dipraktekkan di seluruh dunia krn :
- Bersifat MUTUALISME antara tan. Pangan, hutan dan ternak = meningkatkan INCOME petani

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41 Wildcrafting: medicinal plants
                                                                                                        GOLDENSEAL: lowers blood pressure, antibacterial (antiseptic), tonic for inflammation and wounds, ringworm GINSENG: (from China) - stimulation, added energy, sense of well being (panacea for maintaining good health) American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis)

42 Evaluating Success of Agroforestry
Crop yield: competitive reduction usually greater than facilitation effects Complementarity of yield: non-tree and tree products with high value (timber, fruit) Moderately reduced crop yield compensated by: High value product from tree component Long term sustainability of crop yield Reduced costs of external inputs Environmental services/quality (financial return?)