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IP Address
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Administrasi Jaringan Komputer System Administrasi Jaringan Service pada Server -DNS Server -DHCP Server -Web Server -Mail Server -Proxy Server -dll Network Administrasi Jaringan Networking -Desain Infrastruktur -Routing (Konfigurasi Router -Manajemen Jaringan (VLAN) -Manajemen Bandwidth
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Proyek UTS 1.Tentukan Instansi/organisasi untuk Studi Kasus Perancangan Jaringan. 2.Tugas kelompok @3-4 orang
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Skema IP Addressing IP Addresses terdiri 32 bits. 32 bit dibagi menjadi 4 bagian setiap bagian terdiri dari 8 bit. Untuk kemudahan dikonversi menjadi desimal.
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Detail IP Address IP Total : IP Network : IP Subnetmask : IP Broadcast : IP Host : Contoh : 158.158.158.158 /24 IP Address : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10011110 = 158.158.158.158 IP Subnetmask : 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 = 255.255.255.0 IP Network : 10011110.10011110.10011110.00000000 = 158.158.158.0 IP Broadcast : 158.158.158.255 IP Host : 158.158.158.1 s.d 158.158.158.254 IP Total : 256 (2 8 ) IP Host : 256-2 = 254 AND
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158.158.158.158/25 IP Address : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10011110 = 158.158.158.158 IP Subnetmask : 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000 = 255.255.255.128 IP Network : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10000000 = 158.158.158.128 IP Total : 2 7 = 128 IP Broadcast : 158.158.158.255 IP Host : 158.158.158.129 s.d 158.158.158.254 IP Host : 128-2 = 126 AND
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158.158.158.158/25 IP Address : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10011110 = 158.158.158.158 IP Subnetmask : 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000 = 255.255.255.128 IP Network : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10000000 = 158.158.158.128 IP Total : 2 7 = 128 IP Broadcast : 158.158.158.255 IP Host : 158.158.158.129 s.d 158.158.158.254 IP Host : 128-2 = 126 AND IDIP NetworkRange IP Host 0158.158.158.0158.158.158.1 s.d 158.158.158.126 1158.158.158.128158.158.158.129 s.d 158.158.158.254
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158.158.158.158 /26 1.IP Address : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10011110 = 158.158.158.158 2.IP Subnetmask : 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000 = 255.255.255.192 3.IP Network : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10000000 = 158.158.158.128 4.IP Total : 2 6 = 64 5.IP Broadcast : 158.158.158. 191 (ip network + IP total -1) 6.IP Host : IP Total – 2 = 64-2 = 62 7.IP Host : 158.158.158.129 s.d 158.158.158. 190 AND
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158.158.158.158 /26 1.IP Address : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10011110 = 158.158.158.158 2.IP Subnetmask : 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000 = 255.255.255.192 3.IP Network : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10000000 = 158.158.158.128 4.IP Total : 2 6 = 64 5.IP Broadcast : 158.158.158. 191 (ip network + IP total -1) 6.IP Host : IP Total – 2 = 64-2 = 62 7.IP Host : 158.158.158.129 s.d 158.158.158. 190 AND NOIP NetworkRange IP Host 0158.158.158.0158.158.158.1 s.d 158.158.158.62 1158.158.158.64158.158.158.65 s.d 158.158.158.126 2158.158.158.128158.158.158.129 s.d 158.158.158.190 3158.158.158.192158.158.158.193 s.d 158.158.158.254
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158.158.158.158/27 IP Address : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10011110 = 158.158.158.158 IP Subnetmask : 11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000 = 255.255.255.224 IP Network : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10000000 = 158.158.158.128 IP Total : 2 5 = 32 IP Broadcast : 158.158.158.159 IP Host : = IP Total – 2 = 32-2 = 30 IP Host : 158.158.158.129 s.d 158.158.158.158 AND
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158.158.158.158/27 IP Address : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10011110 = 158.158.158.158 IP Subnetmask : 11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000 = 255.255.255.224 IP Network : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10000000 = 158.158.158.128 IP Total : 2 5 = 32 IP Broadcast : 158.158.158.159 IP Host : = IP Total – 2 = 32-2 = 30 IP Host : 158.158.158.129 s.d 158.158.158.158 AND
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158.158.158.158 /28 1.IP Address : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10011110 = 158.158.158.158 2.IP Subnetmask : 11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000 = 255.255.255.240 3.IP Network : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10010000 = 158.158.158.144 4.IP Total : 2 4 = 16 5.IP Broadcast : 158.158.158.159 (IP Network + IP Total – 1) 6.IP Host : 16-2 = 14 7.IP Host : 158.158.158.145 s.d 158.158.158.158 AND
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158.158.158.158 /28 1.IP Address : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10011110 = 158.158.158.158 2.IP Subnetmask : 11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000 = 255.255.255.240 3.IP Network : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10010000 = 158.158.158.144 4.IP Total : 2 4 = 16 5.IP Broadcast : 158.158.158.159 (IP Network + IP Total – 1) 6.IP Host : 16-2 = 14 7.IP Host : 158.158.158.145 s.d 158.158.158.158 AND
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158.158.158.158 /29 1.IP Address : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10011110 = 158.158.158.158 2.IP Subnetmask : 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111000 = 255.255.255.248 3.IP Network : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10011000 = 158.158.158.152 4.IP Total : 2 3 = 8 5.IP Broadcast : 158.158.158. 159 (ip network + ip total – 1) 6.IP Host : IP total – 2 = 8 - 2 = 6 7.IP Host : 158.158.158.153 s.d 158.158.158.158 AND
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158.158.158.158 /29 1.IP Address : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10011110 = 158.158.158.158 2.IP Subnetmask : 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111000 = 255.255.255.248 3.IP Network : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10011000 = 158.158.158.152 4.IP Total : 2 3 = 8 5.IP Broadcast : 158.158.158. 159 (ip network + ip total – 1) 6.IP Host : IP total – 2 = 8 - 2 = 6 7.IP Host : 158.158.158.153 s.d 158.158.158.158 AND
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158.158.158.158/30 1.IP Address : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10011110 = 158.158.158.158 2.IP Subnetmask : 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100 = 255.255.255.252 3.IP Network : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10011100 = 158.158.158.156 4.IP Total : 2 2 = 4 5.IP Broadcast : 158.158.158.159 (IP Network + IP Total – 1) 6.IP Host : 158.158.158.157 s.d 158.158.158. 7.IP Host : 4-2 = 2 AND Tahapan Penyelesaian :
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158.158.158.158/30 1.IP Address : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10011110 = 158.158.158.158 2.IP Subnetmask : 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100 = 255.255.255.252 3.IP Network : 10011110.10011110.10011110.10011100 = 158.158.158.156 4.IP Total : 2 2 = 4 5.IP Broadcast : 158.158.158.159 (IP Network + IP Total – 1) 6.IP Host : 158.158.158.157 s.d 158.158.158. 7.IP Host : 4-2 = 2 AND Tahapan Penyelesaian :
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Rangkuman CIDRBit (Octet ke 4) SubnetMaskJlh NetworkIP Total /2400000000255.255.255.01256 /2510000000255.255.255.1282128 /2611000000255.255.255.192464 /2711100000255.255.255.224832 /2811110000255.255.255.24016 /2911111000255.255.255.248328 /3011111100255.255.255.252644
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Resume Kasus : 158.158.158.158 0 ada 1 subNetwork @ 256 total IP 255 /24 0 ada 2 subNetwork @ 128 total IP (0, 128) 255 /25 0 ada 4 subNetwork @ 64 total IP (0, 64, 128, 192) 255 /26 0 ada 8 subNetwork @ 32 total IP (0, 32, 64, 96. 128, 160, 192, 224) 255 /27 0 ada 16 subNetwork @ 16 total IP (0, 16, 32,..., 144, 160,..., 240) 255 /28 0 ada 32 subNetwork @ 8 total IP (0, 8, 16,..., 152, 160,..., 240) 255 /29 0 ada 64 subNetwork @ 4 total IP (0, 4, 8,..., 156, 160,..., 252) 255 /30
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Tahapan Mengadministrasi Jaringan Komputer 1.Buat topologi fisik 2.Rancang IP Address (topologi logic) 3.Tentukan Service yang akan diberikan
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Tahapan membuat Service pada server 1)Konfigurasi TCP/IP 2)Remote Access 3)DNS Server 4)Databse Server 5)Web Server dan sub domain 6)FTP Server 7)Web Mail dan E-Mail Server 8) DHCP Server 9) NTP Server 10) Router/Gateway dan Firewall 11) Proxy Server 12) Samba Server dan Samba Client 13) VPN Server 14) Printer Server
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Konfigurasi TCP/IP Mengaktifkan ethernet Konfigurasi IP Address Menambahkan DNS Setting Repositori IP Address Alias Host name
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Remote Access Digunakan untuk mengakses suatu system melalui media jaringan 2 Jenis : -GUI : remote desktop, VNC, Radmin -CUI : telnet, ssh, raw, Rlogin, serial Instalasi : openssh-server Konfigurasi : /etc/ssh/sshd_config Pengujian : ping 354 //port utk ssh dengan putty
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DNS Server * Fungsi : translasi Nama Domain ke IP Address DNS Server 1.Instalasi bind9 2.Konfigurasi -/etc/bind/named.conf -File forward -File reverse -/etc/resolve.conf 3. Pengujian : nslookup or
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Database Server Sebagai Media penyimpanan data. Data terpisah atau gabung dalam web server 1.Instalasi ap-get mysql-server 2.Konfigurasi -/etc/mysql/my.conf -/etc/init.d/mysql restart 3. Pengujian - Mysql –u root –p pasword
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Web Server Website dibuat dan diletakan pada web server. Port 80 (default). Aplikasi web server : IIS, apache, nginx. 1.Instalasi : apache2 php5 phpmyadmin 2.Konfigurasi : /etc/apache2/sites-avaliable/vim web - /var/www 3. Pengujian : buka dari browser di client
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FTP Server Untuk mentransfer file atau data melalui jaringan. Bekerja pada port 21 Ada 2 cara : (1) user authentication login, (2) anonymous login. 1.Instalasi : apt-get install proftpd 2.Konfigurasi : /etc/proftpd/proftpd.conf - buat direktori yang boleh di share : mkdir share 3. Pengujian : ftp - dengan filezilla : ftp client
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Mail Server Untuk mengirim surat melalui internet. Diawali adanya SMTP Server (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol). Setelah emil dikirim, email akan ditampung sementara di POP3. Ketika email account online, mail client akan secara otomatis melakukan sinkronisasi dari POP3 server 1.Instalasi : postfix (mail server), courier-imap(smtp), dan courier-pop (pop3) 2.Konfigurasi : postfix /etc/postfix/main.cf 3.Pengujian : dari outlook
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Web Mail Aplikasi email client yang berbasis web. Cth : gmail, outlook, ymail. Untuk membuat mail client berbasis web, dibutuhkan CMS utk webmail, a.l : squirelmail dan roundcubemail 1.Instalasi : #apt-get install squirrelmail 2.Konfigurasi : #/etc/apache2/apache2.conf - /etc/squirrelmail/apache.conf 3. Pengujian : browser pada client
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DHCP Server Melayani reqeust IP Addres dari client 1.Instalasi : apt-get install dhcp3-server 2.Konfigurasi : /etc/dhcp3/dhcp.conf 3.Pengujian : di windows, atur dynamic
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Proxy Server Menyimpan halaman website yang pernah dikunjungi. Fungsi spt chace memory. Security : memblokir akses ke suatu website 1.Instalasi : apt-get install squid 2.Konfigurasi : /etc/squid/squid.conf - /etc/squid/vim url - /etc/squid/ vim key 3. Pengujian : dari client akses ke internet
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Network Time Protocol (NTP) Server Untuk mensingkronkan waktu client dengan server. Bekerja pada UDP 1.Instalasi : apt-get install ntp ntpdate 2.Konfigurasi : /etc/ntp.conf 3.Pengujian : ntpq –p - pada windows : ntp client sdh otomatis jika kita double klik icon jam
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Samba Server Digunakan untuk file sharing sekala kecil (lokal) 1.Instalasi : apt-get install samba 2.Konfigurasi : /etc/samba/smb.conf 3.Pengujian : testparm windows : \\
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VPN Server Metode yang digunakan untuk menghubungkan suatu LAN, menggunakan media yang berskala luas (internet). Prinsipnya membuat tunnel, end-to-end structure. 1.Instalasi : apt-get install pptpd atau openvpn 2.Konfigurasi : /etc/pptpd.conf - membuat user vpn : /etc/ppp/chap-secrets 3. Pengujian : windows control panel network VPN Connection
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Firewall Memfilter semua paket yang lewat. Mode : input, forward, output. Cara kerja dg IF... THEN... Cth pada linux : IpTables. List port : FTP (21), SSH(22), telnet(23), SMTP(25), DNS(53), TFTP(69), HTTP(80), POP3(110), IMAP(143), HTTPS(443)
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Printer Server Dapat mencetak pada printer server Aplikasi : samba (printer sharing), dan CupSys (Printer Configuration), berjalanp ada protokol HTTPS, port 631. 1.Instalasi : apt-get install samba cupssys 2.Konfigurasi : /etc/cups/cupsd.conf - /etc/samba/smb.conf 3. Pengujian : windows ; control panel printer and faxes
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