TEKNIK DASAR OPERASI MESIN

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1 TEKNIK DASAR OPERASI MESIN
LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM TEKNIK DASAR OPERASI MESIN NAMA : AISYA RAHMADANI BP. NO: Dosen Pengampu : Ir. Refnal Marzuki Dr. Ir. Drs. Rusmardi. MBA, M.Pd

2 LATAR BELAKANG Alat berat adalah segala macam peralatan/pesawat mekanis termasuk attachment dan implementnya baik yang bergerak sendiri (self-propelled) atau ditarik (towed-type) maupun yang diam ditempat (stationer) yang dipakai untuk melaksanakan pekerjaan konstruksi pertambangan, industri umum, pertanian/kehutanan, dan bidang pekerjaan lainnya. Fungsi alat berat adalah alat yang digunakan untuk memudahkan manusia mengerjakan pekerjaan (penggalian, pengeboran, pengangkutan,pemadat,dll) sehingga hasil yang diharapkan dapat tercapai lebih mudah dalam waktu yang relatif lebih singkat. Dalam pengoperasian alat berat banyak hal dan aspek yang harus diperhatikan, mulai dari ketrampilan dan skill operator, prosedur pengoperasian alat, aspek keselamatan kerja, dan aspek peralatan dan troubleshooting.

3 TUJUAN & MANFAAT Mengetahui dan dapat menerapkan kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja saat melakukan pekerjaan 01 Mampu mengenali type, fungsi, dan pekerjaan yang dapat dilakukan unit alat berat 02 Mengenali dan memahami sistem warning pada unit alat berat 03 Dapat melakukan pemeriksaan sebelum operasi mesin alat berat atau walk around inspection 04 Mampu melakukan dengan baik dan benar tata cara pengoperasian mesin alat berat dari awal sampai akhir 05

4 METODOLOGI PRAKTIKUM Area Demo Unit Teknik Alat Berat,
Rabu, 22 Juni 2020 Senin, 22 Juni 2020 Area Demo Unit Teknik Alat Berat, Politeknik Negeri Padang Jam perkuliahan ke- 7 s/d 10 Area Demo Unit Teknik Alat Berat, Politeknik Negeri Padang Jam perkuliahan ke- 7 s/d 10 Area Demo Unit Teknik Alat Berat, Politeknik Negeri Padang Jam perkuliahan ke- 7 s/d 10 Area Demo Unit Teknik Alat Berat, Politeknik Negeri Padang Jam perkuliahan ke- 7 s/d 10 Area Demo Unit Teknik Alat Berat, Politeknik Negeri Padang Jam perkuliahan ke- 7 s/d 10 Senin, 22 Juni 2020 Senin, 22 Juni 2020 Senin, 22 Juni 2020

5 INFORMASI UNIT SKID STEER LOADER MINI EXCAVATOR COMPACTOR
Serial Number : TTN03052 Arrangement Number : - Hour Meter : jam SKID STEER LOADER Serial Number : DXZ00168 Arrangement Number : Hour Meter : jam COMPACTOR Serial Number : BYR01771 Arrangement Number : Hour Meter : jam You can simply impress your audience and add a unique zing and appeal to your Presentations. Easy to change colors, photos and Text. Get a modern PowerPoint Presentation that is beautifully designed.

6 5S/ KERAPIHAN TEMPAT KERJA
Adalah memisahkan barang-barang yang benar-benar diperlukan dengan barang yang tidak diperlukan. 1. Seiri/Pemilihan Adalah membudayakan dan membiasakan untuk bekerja sesuai dengan sistem dan prosedur. 5. Shitsuke/Pembiasaan Yaitu mengatur dan menata letak tool sehingga mudah dicari dan ditemukan. 2. Seiton/Penataan Yaitu membersihkan peralatan kerja dari debu dan kotoran secara teratur. 3. Seiso/ pembersihan Contents Title Yaitu pemeliharaan fasilitas dan peralatan secara teratur serta menjaga dan mempertahankan kerapian dan kebersihan tempat kerja. 4. Sheiketsu/Pemantapan

7 PowerPoint Presentation
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8 KONDISI TEMPAT PRAKTIK
Area Demo Unit TEKNIK ALAT BERAT, POLITEKNIK NEGERI PADANG

9 JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS Langkah Kerja 1. Periksa dan pakai APD 2. Walk around inspection 3. Melakukan digging & loading (penggalian, pemuatan) 4. Pengangkutan material area berlumpur 5. Pengisian bahan bakar Contents Potensi Bahaya 1. Terbentur, tertusuk, tersetrum, dll 2. Tergelincir, terbentur, terjatuh 3. Terguling, tertimpa longsoran material 4. Tergelincir 5. Kebakaran Contents Upaya Pencegahan 1. Periksa APD dan gunakan sesuai SOP 2. Hati-hati, gunakan APD 3. Pelajari material yang akan dimuat dan kondisi lokasi kerja serta rambu lalu lintas 4. Penyiraman jalan dan pemasangan rambu 5. Dilakukan padaitempat yang di tentukan Contents

10 Walk around Inspection Pada Excavator .
Pemeriksaan keliling adalah pemeriksaan yang dilakukan oleh seorang operator sebelum operasi. Yaitu memeriksa seluruh bagian excavator dari mulai bagian depan, kanan/kiri dan belakang, yang meliputi pemeriksaan bagian bawah (lower structure), bagian atas (upper Structure) dan bagian depan (front Attachment) dari kemungkinan ditemukannya hal-hal yang tidak diinginkan. Pada Excavator You can simply impress your audience and add a unique zing and appeal to your Presentations.

11 PENGENALAN ALAT MINI EXCAVATOR SKID STEER LOADER COMPACTOR
Alat serba guna yang dapat dipergunakan untuk menggali, memuat dan mengangkat material. Dengan menggunakan attachment tambahan, alat ini dapat memecah batu, mencabut tunggul, membongkar aspal, dll. SKID STEER LOADER Merupakan alat pemuat beroda karet (ban). Landasan kerjanya harus relatif rata, kering, dan kokoh. Dipergunakan terutama pada pengoperasian yang menuntut kecepatan dan mobilitas tinggi (umumnya material yang dikerjakan dalam keadaan gembur dan tidak berat). COMPACTOR Disebut sebagai alat pemadat. Alat ini digunakan untuk memadatkan tanah agar mencapai nilai kepadatan yang diinginkan. ...

12 Pengenalan Alat SKID STEER LOADER MINI EXCAVATOR COMPACTOR
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14 WARNING SYSTEM MACHINE
Check Transmission Lampu monitor ini akan menyala jika terjadi ketidak normalan yang telah terdeteksi di sistem transmission. Brake Oil Pressure Lampu monitor ini menyala memperingatkan operator bahwa tekanan oli brake telah turun di bawah standar. Contents Contents Engine Coolant Temperature Lampu monitor ini menyala memperingatkan operator bahwa suhu pendingin engine naik. Battery Lampu monitor ini menyala memperingatkan operator bahwa terjadi ketidak normalan pada charging system. Contents Contents

15 WARNING SYSTEM MACHINE
Engine Check Lampu monitor ini akan menyala jika terjadi ketidak normalan yang terdeteksi di sistem engine. Hydraulic Oil Temperature Lampu monitor ini menyala memperingatkan operator bahwa suhu oli hidrolik telah naik. Contents Contents Parking Brake Lampu monitor ini akan menyala saat ditekan/diaktifkan. Engine Oil Pressure Lampu monitor ini menyala memperingatkan operator bahwa tekanan oli engine telah turun/naik. Contents Contents

16 JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS Langkah Kerja 1. Menaiki Unit 2. Walk around inspection 3. Pengoperasian unit 4. Pembersihan Unit 5. Pengisian bahan bakar Contents Potensi Bahaya 1. Tergelincir/Terjatuh 2. Tergelincir, terbentur, terjatuh 3. Terkena Material 4. Anggota Tubuh Terkena Bagian Unit Yang Panas 5. Kebakaran Contents Upaya Pencegahan 1. Selalu Gunakan Tiga Titik Tumpuan 2. Hati-hati, gunakan APD 3. Mengikuti SOP 4. Tunggu Unit Dingin Pada Suhu Normal 5. Dilakukan padaitempat yang di tentukan Contents

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31 APLIKASI ALAT Skid Steer Loader
Skid Steer Loader biasanya digunakan pada jenis pekerjaan pertanian, perkebunan, pertambangan, tekstil dan lain-lain. Beberapa fungsi Skid Steer Loader : Alat pembersih lokasi (cleaning) yang ringan Untuk menggusur bongkaran Menggusur tonggak-tonggak kayu kecil Mini Excavator Mini Excavator biasanya digunakan pada jenis pekerjaan konstruksi, perkebunan, dan pertanian. Fungsi mini Excavator antara lain : Pembuatan akses jalan Penggalian parit/selokan Pengelolaan lahan Compactor Compactor biasanya digunakan pada pekerjaan konstruksi dan pertambangan. Alat ini digunakan untuk memadatkan tanah atau material.

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47 Prosedur Walk around Inspection PADA EXCAVATOR
1. Memeriksa Kondisi Semua baut–baut 2. Memeriksa keadaan lantai parkir 3. Memeriksa kondisi bagian-bagian bucket 4. Memeriksaan ketegangan track 5. Memeriksa track frame dan undercarriage 6. Memeriksa kondisi lampu – lampu kerja 7. Menceratkan bahan bakar (membuang air/endapan kotoran pd tanki bahan bakar/water separator)

48 Pemeriksaan PADA EXCAVATOR
Pelumas Memeriksa level/permukaan minyak pelumas engine dengan menggunakan dipstik dan kondisi minyak pelumas dari kemungkinan terkontaminasi Memeriksa level/permukaan minyak hidrolik pada tangki dengan melihat lubang/kaca penduga sesuai dengan petunjuk pemeliharaan 2. Bahan bakar Memeriksa kecukupan level/permukaan bahan bakar di dalam tangki melalui lubang/kaca penduga atau dipstik sesuai dengan petunjuk pemeliharaan 3. Pendingin Memeriksa kecukupan level/permukaan air pendingin pada radiator atau tangki cadangan (reserve tank) sesuai dengan petunjuk pemeliharaan 4. Batere (Accu) Memeriksa level/permukaan air accu/batere pada setiap sel dari kemungkinan kurang sesuai dengan ketentuan dan kekencangan pengikatan pool batere serta membersihkan dari kotoran Menambah pelumas, bahan bakar, air pendingin dan air batere bila kurang sesuai dengan petunjuk pemeliharaan Memberikan penggemukan (greasing) semua nipel pada bucket sesuai prosedur dan kondisi lapangan

49 Prosedur Setelah Engine Dihidupkan (start) PADA EXCAVATOR
Bacaan pada indikator monitor Memeriksa semua indikator dari kemungkinan rusak atau tidak berfungsi 2. Suhu ideal untuk siap kerja Melakukan pemanasan engine sebelum unit dioperasikan sesuai petunjuk pemeliharaan 3. Warna gas buang dan kondisi mesin Memeriksa kondisi gas buang dari kemungkinan adanya kelainan warna gas buang 4. Suara dan getaran enggine Memeriksa suara dan getaran engine dari kemungkinan adanya kondisi yang tidak normal 5. Penyebab ada kebocoran minyak pelumas, bahan bakar dan air pendingin Melakukan pemeriksaan ulang untuk memastikan tidak ada kebocoran minyak pelumas, bahan bakar dan air pendingin

50 Prosedur Selama Pengoperasian PADA EXCAVATOR
1. Memantau semua indikator pada instrumen panel untuk mendeteksi kemungkinan adanya kelainan 2. Memantau kondisi attachment, undercarriage dan upper structure untuk mendeteksi adanya kelainan operasinya/kerusakan 3. Melakukan tindakan yang diperlukan sesuai dengan prosedur bila terjadi kelainan pada fungsi indikator, attachment, under carriage, upper structure dan indikasi kelainan lainnya

51 Prosedur Menghidupkan Engine PADA EXCAVATOR
Sabuk pengaman Memasang dan mengencangkan sabuk keselamatan sesuai dengan ukuran tubuh 2. Panel monitor Memeriksa panel monitor untuk memastikan semua indikator berfungsi dengan baik. 3. Starter Menghidupkan (starter) engine sesuai dengan prosedur.

52 Prosedur Setelah Selesai Pengoperasian PADA EXCAVATOR
1. Posisi netral 2. Posisi low iddling 3. Kedudukan LOCK 4. Pemeriksaan temperatur air pendingin engine, tekanan minyak pelumas engine dan permukaan bahan bakar pada monitor 5. Posisi "OFF" kunci kontak Membersihkan under carriage, bucket dan ruang operator dari kotoran Memeriksa komponen excavator secara visual dari kemungkinan rusak Melakukan pengisian bahan bakar kedalam tangki sesuai prosedur Memarkir unit pada lokasi yang telah ditentukan sesuai dengan prosedur. Mematikan engine sesuai dengan prosedur setelah excavator berada ditempat parkir dalam keadaan aman Mencatat kedudukan service meter untuk bahan pembuatan laporan operasi

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