HARI NUGROHO, MD UPT TERAPI & REHABILITASI BADAN NARKOTIKA NASIONAL.

Presentasi berjudul: "HARI NUGROHO, MD UPT TERAPI & REHABILITASI BADAN NARKOTIKA NASIONAL."— Transcript presentasi:

1 HARI NUGROHO, MD UPT TERAPI & REHABILITASI BADAN NARKOTIKA NASIONAL

2 Permasalahan Penyalahgunaan Narkoba Indonesia pasar potensial peredaran gelap narkoba Jumlah penyalahguna semakin meningkat Adiksi merupakan masalah Public Health Adiksi adalah “Brain Disease”

3 Homelessness Crime Violence Homelessness Crime Violence Neurotoxicity AIDS, Cancer Mental illness, Hepatitis Neurotoxicity AIDS, Cancer Mental illness, Hepatitis Health care Productivity Accidents Health care Productivity Accidents

4 Estimated Economic Cost to Society Due to Substance Abuse and Addiction: Illegal drugs: $181 billion/year Alcohol: $185 billion/year Tobacco: $158 billion/year Total: $524 billion/year Surgeon General’s Report, 2004; ONDCP, 2004; Harwood, 2000.

5 Why Do People Take Drugs in The First Place? To Feel Good To have novel: feelings sensations experiences AND to share them To Feel Better To lessen: anxiety worries fears depression hopelessness

6 Your Brain on Drugs in the 1980’s

7 Your Brain on Drugs Today YELLOW shows places in brain where cocaine binds (e.g., striatum) Fowler et al., Synapse, 1989.

8 Addiction is Like Other Diseases…  It is preventable  It is treatable  It changes biology  If untreated, it can last a lifetime Healthy Brain Diseased Heart Decreased Heart Metabolism in Heart Disease Patient Decreased Brain Metabolism in Drug Abuser Diseased Brain/ Cocaine Abuser Healthy Heart High Low Research supported by NIDA addresses all of these components of addiction.

9 Drugs can be “Imposters” of Brain Messages

10 Addiction Reward & well-being Motivation Movement Dopamine

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12 dopamine transporters

13 But Dopamine is only Part of the Story Scientific research has shown that other neurotransmitter systems are also affected: – Serotonin Regulates mood, sleep, etc. – Glutamate Regulates learning and memory, etc.

14 ControlAddicted Dopamine D2 Receptors are Decreased by Addiction Functionally… DA D2 Receptor Availability Cocaine Alcohol Heroin Meth

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16 Konsekuensi dari perubahan di otak Gangguan mental dan perilaku

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20 DAT Recovery with prolonged abstinence from methamphetamine [C-11]d-threo-methylphenidate Volkow et al., J. Neuroscience, 2001. low high Normal Control Methamphetamine Abuser (1 month abstinent) Methamphetamine Abuser (14 months abstinent)

21 Pengaruh Terhadap Hati Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Sirrosis hati

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25 Kanker hati

26 HIV / AIDS Terutama IDU Infeksi Oportunistik Butuh dukungan keluarga Rutin terapi ARV

27 4 dari 10 kematian AIDS berhubungan dengan Drug Abuse

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29 Wajah drugs abuser

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32 We Need to Keep Our Eye on the Real Targets! the Real Targets! Abstinence Functionality in Family, Work and Community In Treating Addiction…

33 TERIMA KASIH