Teknologi Perhitungan secara Kolaborasi: Group Support Systems(GSS)

Presentasi berjudul: "Teknologi Perhitungan secara Kolaborasi: Group Support Systems(GSS)"— Transcript presentasi:

1 Teknologi Perhitungan secara Kolaborasi: Group Support Systems(GSS)
BAB 7 Teknologi Perhitungan secara Kolaborasi: Group Support Systems(GSS)

2 Teknologi Perhitungan Kolaborasi: Group Support Systems(GSS)
Orang Membentuk groupwork memerlukan kolaborasi Memerlukan untuk berkomunikasi Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

3 Opening Vignette: Chrysler SCORES dengan Groupware
Chrysler menggunakan grup untuk menambah kolaborasi dan komunikasi dengan suppliers Identifikasi pemborosan dalam rantai proses Eliminasi pemborosan Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

4 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Solusi Aplikasi Lotus Notes Perluasan sistem usaha Insentif untuk suppliers dalam kontribusinya Sistem relasi Vendor Sediakan manfaaf yang kompetitif Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

5 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
SCORE Benefits Pengayaan hubungan dengan suppliers Praktek kualitas pembelian yang lebih baik Kualitas produk yang lebih baik Biaya lebih murah (di dalam 2000: $2 billion) Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

6 Karakteristik Groupwork
Group membentuk tugas-tugas Tempat yang berbeda Waktu yang berbeda Organisasi yang sama atau berbeda Secar Permanent atau temporary Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

7 Karakteristik lainnya
Tingkat rentang managerial Synergy atau conflict Productivitas mendapat / kehilangan Mungkin dibutuhkan reaksi cepat Hampir tidak bisa didapat pada satu tempat Bermacam-macam sumber pengetahuan Tenaga ahli dari luar Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

8 Setiap waktu/setiap tempat kolaborasi
Memungkinka dengan Web Biaya PCs yang murah Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

9 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Pertemuan Kegiatan bersama Status sama atau hampir sama Keluaran tergantung pada pengetahuan para participant etc. Keluaran tergantung pada komposisi grup Keluaran tergantung proses pengambilan keputusan Pertentangan bisa jadi karena pangkat atau negosiasi Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

10 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Groupware Untuk menunjang pertemuan grup Computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW) Software yang menyediakan kolaborasi untuk menunjang grup Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

11 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Dukungan komunikasi Sangat penting(Vital) Diperlukan untuk kolaborasi Teknologi informasi modern menyediakan dukungan komunikasi: yang tidak mahal, cepat, mempunyai kesanggupan dan handal Internet/Web Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

12 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Dukungan komunikasi Word of mouth Delivery persons Horseback Snailmail Telegraph Telephone Radio Television Videoconferencing Internet / Web Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

13 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Komunikasi Nonverbal Issue penting Tidak terjangkau dengan menggunakan hampir semua sistem komunikasi Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

14 Dukungan kolaborasi (CSCW)
Orang kerja bersama Group Support Systems (GSS) Groupware: Sistem pertemuan secara Electronik Sistem konfrensi secara Electronik Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

15 Rangka kerja waktu dan tempat
Keputusan dalam ruangan waktu/tempat sama Video Conference dilakanakan pada waktu yang sama pada tempat yang berbeda Via Internet dilaksanakan pada waktu dan tempat yang berbeda Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

16 Rangka kerja komunikasi waktu/tempat
Same Time Different Time GSS in a Decision Room Web-based GSS Multimedia Presentation Systems Whiteboard Document sharing GSS in a Decision Room Web-based GSS Workflow management system Document sharing , Vmail Same Place Web-based GSS Whiteboard , Vmail Workflow management system Document sharing Computer conferencing with memory Web-based GSS Whiteboard Document sharing Videoconferencing Audioconferencing Computer conferencing , Vmail Different Place Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

17 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Groupware Server Lotus Notes / Domino termasuk ruang pemblajaran Server kolaborasi Netscape Microsoft NetMeeting Novell Groupwise GroupSystems TCBWorks WebEx Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

18 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Sistem dukungan Grup Goal: untuk mendukung grup kerja Manikkan benefits/ mengurangi kehilangan kolaborasi Didasarkan pada: Teknik grupNominal Delphi Method Electronic Meeting System (EMS) Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

19 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Sifat penting Secara paralel Parallelism Tidak nama tersendiri(Anonymity) Memimpin ke kemajuan proces dan kemajuan tujuan Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

20 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Kemajuan Proces GSS Proses informasi paralel Lebih besar grup bisa berpartisipasi Diskusi komputer dengan cepat Orang dengan tenang bisa berpartisipasi dengan kontribusi yang sama Orang yang ribut tidak bisa memacu pertemuan Menghemat waktu bepergian (millions $ / year) Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

21 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Kehilangan proses GSS Free-riding Flaming Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

22 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Teknologi GSS Ruang Keputusan Penggunaan fasilitas ganda Dasar Web Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

23 Keputusan dalam ruangan (Electronic Meeting)
12 s/d 30 jaringan PC Umumnya istirahat Server PC Sistem proyeksi dengan layar besar Ruang istirahat Perlu suatu pelatihan fasilitator untuk sukses Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

24 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Ruang sejuk US Air Force Source: Groupsystem.com, Tuscon, AZ, Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

25 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Ruang sejuk IBM Corp. Source: Groupsystem.com, Tuscon, AZ, Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

26 Murraysville School District Bus
Ruang sejuk Murraysville School District Bus Source: Groupsystem.com, Tuscon, AZ, Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

27 Sedikit mempunyai Ruang pengambilan keputusan
Biaya tinggi Memerlukan pelatihan Facilitator Dukungan Software untuk tujuan yang kooperatif, bukan isue Conflict Jarang digunakan Beda kebutuhan waktu/tempat Mungkin membutuhkan lebih dari satu Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

28 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Teknologi lainnya Penggunaan fasilitas ganda Lebih murah Masih memerlukan fasilitator Dasar-Web Lebih murah: tidak memerlukan extra hardware Masih membutuhkan facilitator Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

29 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Sistem Group Dari Groupsystems.com, Tucson, AZ Groupware yang lengkap Versi Windows & Web Software yang Leading Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

30 Aktivitas sistem Group
Agenda Brainstorming dengan Elektronika Group pembuat ringkasan Tanggapan terhadap Topic Pengkatagorian Penentuan suara Others Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

31 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Proses pertemuan GSS Pembangkitan ide Pengorganisasian ide Pemberian prioritas ide Bangkitkan ide lagi Iterasi sampai solusi tercapai Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

32 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Mengapa GSS? Supaya sukses Membutuhkan Komitmen Organisasi Sponsor Executive Sponsor Operating Antar muka yang menyenangkan-User Facilitator yang terlatih baik dan berdedikasi Perencanaan yang baik Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

33 Pembelajaran jarak jauh (DL)
Bukan kelas tradisional CSCW / GSS / Groupware Teknologi yang dibutuhkan Tidak baru Effektif Tumbuh secara cepat Juga korporasi Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

34 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Manfaat DL Yang jelas lebih efektif dibanding tradisonal Waktu sangat fleksibel Siswa masih tetap bisa bekerja Siswa bisa bepergian sambil belajar Bisa di Access dimana saja dan kapan saja Bisa menyajikan teknologi baru secara murah Bisa terfokus pada ketrampilan khusus Bisa dengan biaya murah Perluasan ukuran kelas dengan mudah bisa dikerjakan Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

35 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Manfaat DL lainnya Menambahkan keluasan dan kedalaman pada kursus atau pelajaran Lebih bisa interaksi satu-satu dengan instruktur lewat Waktu kontak Siswa/fakultas ke instruktur naik Untuk pembelajar berlanjut Kehadiran fleksibel (hati2!) Teknologi diskusi Sikap siswa berevolusi dan bertambah baik Hasilnya (scores) akan lebih tinggi Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

36 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Kerugian DL Interaksi sosial lebih jarang Lebih sedikit atau bahkan tidak ada interaksi kampus Masalah komunikasi Siswa harus sangat termotivasi Siswa harus sangat displin Siswa harus sangat mempunyai ketrampilan mengelola waktu secara efektif Siswa harus betul2 sangat berdedikasi Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

37 Lebih lanjut kerugian DL
Membutuhkan waktu lebih banyak Pembelajar harus lebih tanggap Siswa harus kerja keras! Lainnya … Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

38 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Courseware DL yang ada Lotus Notes Microsoft NetMeeting Novell GroupWise Learning Space (Lotus Notes) WebCT LearnLinc Virtual Classroom Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

39 Kreativitas dan pembentukan ide
Kreativitas: Umumnya suatu ciri kemanusiaan Kreativitas dan innovasi Bisa menghasilkan pengaruh yang luar biasa terhadap organisasi Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

40 Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Pembangkitan ide Electronic Brainstorming Bisa dismulasikan Bisa mengatur metode Lebih banyak menciptakan ide Pemetaan kognitif-sangat bermanfaat Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

41 Software ayng menunjukkan kreativitas
Intelligent agents (softbots) Copycat (creates analogies) AARON (creates painted art) Genjam (writes jazz music) Kurzweil’s Cybernetic Poet (writes poems) Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

42 Alternatif Software Creativitas
CoBrain Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

43 Software yang memfasilitasi Kreativitas
Project KickStart ThoughtPath Creative WhackPack IdeaFisher Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ

44 GSS dan isue Kollaborasi Computing dan Penelitianh
GSS/EMS methods Web groupware Distance learning Virtual organization Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson, 6th edition. Copyright 2001, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ