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Diterbitkan olehBayu Imah Telah diubah "9 tahun yang lalu
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Medical opinion : it is impossible any medicine to have effects without side effects If herbs are claimed to be free from side effects they are probably no effective either
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Patients believe that herbs are safe Many herbalists emphasize the same point They refer to the most established remedies by millions of people since prehistory
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Endogenus Eksogenous
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Endogenous Index terapi sempit; Digitalis Datura stramonium (50 mg), Atropa belladona ( herba 50 mg, radix 30 mg)
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Curcumin is a major component of food flavouring turmeric and has been used as a herbal medicine. Curcumin shows a variety of physiological and pharmacological effects, and several studies indicate curcumin to be anticarcinogenic and antiinflammatory
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Acceptable daily intake (ADI) for curcumin is 1–3 mg/kg body weight, based on the no observed effect (NOE) level of 250–320 mg/kg body weight per day in the multi generation study in rats and the application of a safety factor of 100
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Glycyrrhiza glabra
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Perasa dalam produk rokok Perasa dalam permen Farmakologi: Antivirus Pengobatan kanker Obat gangguan GI Anti inflamasi Obat diabetes
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Dosis: 2-15 gr untuk ulcer dan gastritis dosis yang lebih tinggi dapat menyebabkan hiperkalemia NOAEL: 2 mg/ kg hari ADI : o,2 mg/ kg BB
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Stevia rebaudiana
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Kegunaan : Pemanis (Stevio glikosida) pengganti gula pada penderita diabetes ADI: 4 mg/ kgBB
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EUROPEAN HERBAL INFUSIONS ASSOCIATION Inventory list of Herbals considered as Food
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Alkaloid : pirrolizidine hepatotoxic Glikosida sianida Asam aristolosat
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Many common plants contain the natural form of cyanide, cyanic glucoside. Its presence may be the product of evolution, as it deters animals and insects from consuming the entire plant.
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Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are of special interest currently because several of them have been shown to cause toxic reactions in humans, primarily veno-occlusive liver disease, when ingested with foods or herbal medicines. Comfrey, a well-known medicinal herb characterized by U.S. FDA researchers as having been "one of the most popular herb teas in the world," contains PAs that are capable of causing liver damage
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Aristolochic acids are a family of carcinogenic, mutagenic and nephrotoxic compounds commonly found in the Aristolochiaceae family, including Aristolochia and Asarum, which are commonly used in Chinese herbal medicine Aristolochic acid I is the most abundant of the aristolochic acids and is found in almost all Aristolochia species Aristolochic acids are often accompanied by aristolactam
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Cemaran Saat kultivasi ; kimia, biologi Proses produksi, transportasi, penyimpanan
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Herbal-herbal Herbal-modern Herbal-makanan
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Pembuatan makalah ilmiah Tema tentang efikasi dan keamanan obat herbal Tugas terlampir
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