Subject : Economics Class : X Time Aloccation : 2 x 45 Minute

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1 Subject : Economics Class : X Time Aloccation : 2 x 45 Minute
The Law of Demand and The Law of Supply Subject : Economics Class : X Time Aloccation : 2 x 45 Minute

2 Today's Lesson Berita Online My Profile SK dan KD Indikator
Materi Pelajaran

3 Standar Kompetensi dan Kompetensi Dasar
3. Memahami konsep ekonomi dalam kaitannya dengan permintaan, penawaran, harga keseimbangan, dan pasar Kompetensi Dasar 3.2. Menjelaskan hukum permintaan dan hukum penawaran serta asumsi yang mendasarinya.

4 Indikator 1. Menginterpretasikan hukum permintaan dan penawaran. 2. Menginterpretasikan asumsi yang mendasari hukum permintaan dan penawaran. 3. Menggambar kurva permintaan dan penawaran yang bergerak dan bergeser. 4. Membuat fungsi permintaan dan fungsi penawaran berdasarkan hukum permintaan dan penawaran.

5 The Law of Demand The law of demand says: “If price increases, the demand for goods or services will decrease. On the contrary, when price decreases, the demand for goods or services will increase, ceteris paribus”.

6 A B No Diskon

7 Price   Quantity Demand  Price   Quantity Demand 
P ↑  Qd ↓ or P ↓  Qd ↑ “relationship between price and demand is inversely”

8 Example: Kartini’s Demand Schedule
Price of Ice-Cream Cone (Rp) Quantity of Cones Demanded 12.000 10.000 8.000 6.000 4.000 2.000 2 4 6 8 10 12 Copyright © South-Western

9 Price of Ice-Cream Cone (Rp) Quantity of Cones Demanded
Demand Curve Price of Ice-Cream Cone (Rp) Quantity of Cones Demanded 12.000 10.000 8.000 6.000 4.000 2.000 2 4 6 8 10 12 Price of Ice-Cream Cone Rp 10.000 1. A decrease in price ... 8.000 6.000 4.000 2.000 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Quantity of 2. ... increases quantity of cones demanded. Ice-Cream Cones Copyright © South-Western

10 The Law of Supply The law of supply says: “If the price of goods or services increases, the quantity of goods or services supplied also increase, and on the contrary, if the price of goods or services decreases, the quantity of goods or services supplied also decreases, ceteris paribus”.

11 Price   Quantity Supply  Price   Quantity Supply 
P ↑  Qs ↑ or P ↓  Qs ↓ “relationship between price and supply is directly proportional”

12 Example: Krisna’s Supply Schedule
Price of Ice-Cream Cone (Rp) Quantity of Cones Supplied 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 12.000 1 2 3 4 5 Copyright © South-Western

13 Price of Ice-Cream Cone (Rp) Quantity of Cones Supplied
Supply Curve Price of Ice-Cream Cone (Rp) Quantity of Cones Supplied 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 12.000 1 2 3 4 5 Price of Ice-Cream Cone Rp 10.000 1. An increase in price ... 8.000 6.000 4.000 2.000 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Quantity of Ice-Cream Cones 2. ... increases quantity of cones supplied. Copyright©2003 Southwestern/Thomson Learning

14 Assumption of the law of demand and supply
Assumptions underlying the law of demand and supply of other factors being equal that changes only the price of the goods themselves. This condition is known as “Ceteris paribus”

15 Factors - Factors That Affect Demand
Level of Income Population People’s Taste People’s Prediction Price of Subtitutive and Complementary Goods

16 Factors - Factors That Affect Supply
Production Cost Number of Producers Natural Disasters Technology Price of Other Goods and Services

17 Demand Curve Shifts Price of Ice-Cream Cone Increase in demand
Decrease in demand Demand curve, D 2 Demand curve, D 1 Demand curve, D 3 Quantity of Ice-Cream Cones

18 Example: If Income Increase
Price of Ice-Cream Cone $3.00 An increase in income... 2.50 Increase in demand 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 D2 D1 Quantity of Ice-Cream Cones 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

19 Example: If Income Decrease
Price of Ice-Cream Cone $3.00 2.50 An increase in income... 2.00 Decrease in demand 1.50 1.00 0.50 D2 D1 Quantity of Ice-Cream Cones 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

20 Supply Curve Shifts Price of Supply curve, S Ice-Cream curve, Supply S
3 Ice-Cream curve, Supply S 1 Cone Supply curve, S 2 Decrease in supply Increase in supply Quantity of Ice-Cream Cones Copyright©2003 Southwestern/Thomson Learning

21 Determine The Demand And Supply Functions
Formula: Initial Quantity Product Initial Price P – P1 P2 – P1 Q – Q1 Q2 – Q1 = Prices After The Change Quantity After The Change

22 Demand and Supply Functions
Demand Function: PD = a - bQ PD = – 0,02 Q Supply Function: PD = a + bQ Ps = ,02 Q

23 P = a - bQ Demand Function Coefficient Price Quantity constants
The Law of Demand

24 P = a + bQ Supply Function Coefficient Price Quantity constants
The Law of Supply

25 Example Price Quantity 4500 3500 how its function

26 P – 4.500 3.500 – 4.500 Q – – = P – 4.500 1000 Q – 50.000 = P – = –1.000 Q P = –1.000 Q PD = – 0,02 Q

27 Sekian Semoga Bermanfaat Terima kasih