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Diterbitkan olehNorma Rianda Telah diubah "9 tahun yang lalu
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© 2007 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 1 Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell
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© 2007 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 2 Chapter 4 System Users and Developers
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© 2007 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 3 Learning Objectives ► Know that the organizational content for systems development and use is changing from a physical to a virtual structure. ► Know who the information specialists are and how they can be integrated into an information services organization. ► Be alert to new directions that the information services organization may take.
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© 2007 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 4 Learning Objectives (Cont’d) ► Understand what is meant by “end-user computing” and why it came about. ► Appreciate that users, especially those with an end-user computing capability, are a valuable information resource. ► Know the benefits and risks of end-user computing.
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© 2007 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 5 Learning Objectives (Cont’d) ► Be aware of the types of knowledge and skill that are important to systems development. ► Appreciate the value of managing the knowledge held by information specialists and users. ► Recognize the benefits and risks of the virtual office and the virtual organization.
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© 2007 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 6 Figure 4.1 Information Systems Support for the Organization
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© 2007 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 7 Information Services (IS) Organization ► Information resources ► Information specialists System analysts Database administrators Webmasters Network specialists Programmers Operators
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© 2007 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 8 IS Organizational Structure ► Trend from centralized to decentralized structure. Divisional information officer (DIO) ► Innovative Partner model Platform model Scalable model
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© 2007 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 9 Figure 4.3 A Network Model of Information Services Organization
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© 2007 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 10 End-user Computing ► End-user computing (EUC) adalah pembangunan oleh pengguna atas semua atau sebagian sistem informasi mereka ► EUC dipengaruhi oleh 4 hal: Pengaruh pendidikan komputer Tumpukan permintaan layanan informasi Perangkat keras yang makin murah Perangkat lunak yang sudah jadi
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© 2007 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 11 Keuntungan EUC ► Kesesuaian antara kemampuan pegawai dengan tantangan ► Mengurangi kesenjangan komunikasi
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© 2007 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 12 Resiko dari EUC ► Sistem yg tidak ditarget dg baik ► Sistem yg tidak didesain dan didokumentasikan dg baik ► Penggunaan sumber informasi yg tidak efisien ► Kehilangan integritas data ► Kehilangan keamanan ► Kehilangan kontrol
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© 2007 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 13 Education Criteria, Knowledge, & Skills Needed for IS Careers ► Systems development knowledge Computer literacy Information literacy Business fundamentals Systems theory Systems development process Systems life cycle (SLC) & Systems development life cycle (SDLC) Systems modeling
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© 2007 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 14 Table 4.1 Knowledge Requirements
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© 2007 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 15 Education Criteria, …(Cont’d) ► Systems development skills Communications skills Analytical ability Creativity Leadership
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© 2007 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 16 Table 4.2 Skills Requirement
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© 2007 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 17 Managing the Knowledge ► Office automation mencakup semua sistem elektronik formal dan informal yg utamanya terkait dg komunikasi informasi ke dan dari orang dalam maupun luar perusahaan ► Pergeseran dari pemecahan masalah clerical menjadi manajerial
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© 2007 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 18 Virtual Office ► Telecommuting menggambarkan bagaimana pekerja dapat “berangkat” kerja secara elektronik ► Hoteling : perusahaan menyediakan fasilitas sentral yg bisa digunakan bersama oleh pegawai seperti halnya hotel yg bisa dipesan.
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© 2007 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 19 Virtual Office (Cont’d) ► Keuntungan Mengurangi biaya fasilitas Mengurangi biaya peralatan Mengurangi berhentinya pekerjaan Kontribusi sosial ► Kerugian Moral rendah Kekhawatiran terhadap resiko keamanan
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© 2007 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 20 Organisasi VIrtual ► Three I Economy adalah industri yang plg tertarik thd konsep virtual office & organisasi virtual dan industri yg menambah nilai melalui information, ideas, and intelligence.
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© 2007 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell 21 The Human Element ► Most important ingredient in the development & use of information systems. ► Main players Users Information specialists
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