IP Addressing Laboratorium Teknik Informatika Universitas Gunadarma Stefanus Vlado Adi Kristanto Version 1.4

IP Terminology  Bit: A bit is one digit; either a 1 or a 0  Byte: A byte is 7 or 8 bits, depending on wheter parity is used. For the rest of this training, always assume a byte is 8 bits  Octet: An octet, made up of 8 bits. Is just an ordinary 8 bit binary number.  Network Address: This is the designation in routing to send packets to a remote network. For example: , ,  Broadcast Address: The address used by application and host to send information to all nodes on a network. For example: , which is all subnets and hosts on network

Network Address Help to identify route through the network cloud Network address divided into two parts: Network and host

Network Address Range  Class A = =128 network = = host  Class B = = network = = host  Class C = = network = = 256 host

Subnet Mask Subnet Mask: or /8 Subnet Mask: or /16 Subnet Mask: or / /n “slash” tells us how many “1” bits are in the subnet mask NetworkHost Network Host Network Host 1st octet2nd octet3rd octet4th octet

IP Addressing

Broadcast Address  Used to send data to all devices on the network  All ones on host portion of the address  All devices pay attention to a broadcast  Broadcast addresses cannot be used as an address for any device that is attached to the network

Subnet Mask – Your turn!! What is the broadcast address of each network: Network Address Subnet MaskBroadcast Address / / /16

Subnet Mask – Your Turn!! What is the broadcast address of each network: Network Address Subnet MaskBroadcast Address / / /

Subnetting  Smaller Broadcast domain  Low level security provided  Increased address flexibility  Reduced network traffic  Optimized network performance  Invisibility to Public Internet  No Need To Request New IP Addresses

Subnetting Analogies  Street  House Number  Pak RT

Subnetting Analogies  Network Address - Street  Host Address - House Number  Broadcast Address - Pak RT

Subnetting Calculation – who’s scare?  Up till now, I've been talking about IP addresses and specifying the netmasks by spelling them out: network with a netmask of  We can represent networks or subnets another way. The network with that netmask can be expressed as /24. The "24" is the number of bits set to "1" (remember, 8 bits in each section of a mask) ( ).  This concept is called CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing), has been recognized in 1992 by IETF.

Subnetting - Example  Subnetting seperti apa yang terjadi dengan sebuah NETWORK ADDRESS /26 ?  Analisa: berarti kelas C dengan Subnet Mask /26 berarti ).

Subnetting - Example  Jumlah Subnet = 2 x, dimana x adalah banyaknya binari 1 pada oktet terakhir subnet mask. Jadi Jumlah Subnet adalah 2 2 = 4 subnet  Jumlah Host per Subnet = 2 y - 2, dimana y adalah adalah kebalikan dari x yaitu banyaknya binari 0 pada oktet terakhir subnet. Jadi jumlah host per subnet adalah = 62 host  Blok Subnet = (nilai oktet terakhir subnet mask) = 64. Subnet berikutnya adalah = 128, dan =192. Jadi subnet lengkapnya adalah 0, 64, 128, 192

Subnetting – Your Turn!!  /25  /16  /18

Subnetting Chart

Subnet Scheme

Subdividing The Host Octets

Reserved, Loopback and Private IP

C:\ipconfig /all

Arigato Gozaimasu Laboratorium Teknik Informatika Universitas Gunadarma February,