2 x 2 x 2 is written as 2^3. 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 is written as 2^5

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2 x 2 x 2 is written as 2^3. 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 is written as 2^5 2 x a or written as 2a, and 2a = a + a. 3 x a or written as 3a, and 3a = a + a + a 4 x a or written as 4a, and 4a = a + a + a + a, 2 x 2 x 2 is written as 2^3. 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 is written as 2^5 y^4 = y x y x y x y. y^5 = y x y x y x y x y,

Look at the following algebraic form; Perhatikan bentuk aljabar dalam variabel a di bawah ini 5a^3 + 4 a^2 – a^2 + 9a + 6 The expression such as 5a^3, 4a^2, a^2, 9a and 6 respectively is called a term. Thus, this algebraic form has 5 terms. This algebraic form is called polynomial. Dalam bentuk aljabar tersebut 5a^3, 4a^2, a^2, 9a and 6 dinamakan suku. Dengan demikian bentuk aljabar di atas terdiri atas 5 suku. Bentuk aljabar itu disebut juga suku banyak atau polinomial.

5a^3 + 4 a^2 – a^2 + 9a + 6 Pada suku 5a^3 5 disebut koefisien dari a^3 dan 3 disebut pangkat atau eksponen dari a. Begitu juga pada suku 4a^2 4 disebut koefisien dari a^2 dan 2 disebut pangkat atau eksponen dari a. Perhatikan suku 4a^2 dan –a^2. Pangkat dari a pada kedua suku tersebut sama, yaitu 2. Sehingga kedua suku tersebut dinamakan suku sejenis. Suku disebut sejenis bila terdiri dari variabel yang sama dan pangkat yang sama.

EXAMPLE 1 Simplify the following algebraic forms. a. 3x4 + 2x2 + x  2 b. 6s3 + 2s2 – 3s2 + s  5 Solution: a. Are there any like terms on this form? b. 6s3 + 2 s2 – 3 s3 + s – 5 = 6s3 + (2 – 3) s2 + s – 5 = 6s3 + (– 1) s2 + s - 5 = 6s3 – s2 + s - 5

EXAMPLE 2 simplify the following algebraic forms. a. 5(a + 2b) b. c. 7(2x – 5) d. (2a)3 Solution: a. 5(a + 2b) = (5 a) + (5 2b) = 5a + 10b b. 7(2x – 5) = 7(2x) + 7(5) = 14x – 35 c. = a + b = 5a + 7b d. (2a)^3 = 2a x 2a x 2a = (2x2 x2 )x(axaxa ) = 2^3xa^3 = 2^3 a^3

EXAMPLE 3 Simplify the algebraic forms below. 2x – 5y + 6x – 2y 4a – 3b – 5a + 2b Solution: a. 2x – 5y + 6x – 2y = 2x + 6x – 5y – 2y = (2 + 6) x + ( 5 – 2)y = 8x + (7)y = 8x – 7y b. 4a – 3b – 5a + 2b = 4a – 5a – 3b + 2b = (4  5)a + (3 + 2)b = (1)a + (1)b =  a – b