ESTIMASI PENJUALAN DATA TIME SERIES - DEKOMPOSISI 1. ADDITIVE MODEL 2. MULTIPLICATIVE MODEL.

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ESTIMASI PENJUALAN DATA TIME SERIES - DEKOMPOSISI 1. ADDITIVE MODEL 2. MULTIPLICATIVE MODEL

DEKOMPOSISI Memisahkan faktor-faktor Trend (T), Seasonal (S), Cyclical (C), dan Random (R) pada data penjualan historis. Menggabungkan kembali fator-faktor T, S, C, dan R untuk estimasi penjualan tahun yang akan datang. Estimasi penjualan dapat menggunakan dua model: Additive Model dan Multiplicative Model. There is no one model which will be perfect in every situation.

Trend (T), Seasonal (S), Cyclical (C), Random(R) Trend factor – Gerakan data yang menunjukkan arah umum (general direction) Seasonal factor – Fluktuasi reguler dalam satu periode jangka pendek. Misal: Harian, bulanan, triwulanan, atau semesteran Cyclical factor - Fluktuasi reguler dalam satu periode jangka panjang. Misal: Siklus perekonomian UK nampak setiap 9 tahunan Random factor – Faktor lain yang ikut mempengaruhi suatu time series. Secara keseluruhan, biasnya efeknya sangat kecil. Namun, dari waktu ke waktu faktor ini dapat memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dan unpredictable terhadap data.

ADDITIVE MODEL DATA = f (T, S, C, R) D = T + S + C + R For many models there will not be sufficient data to identify the cyclical element. Thus, the model will be reduced to D = T + S + R Since the random elemen is unpredictable, we shall make a working assumption that its overall value, or average value, is 0. Thus, the model will be simplified to D = T + S

MULTIPLICATIVE MODEL DATA = f (T, S, C, R) D = T x S x C x R Again, the lack of data will often mean that the cyclical element cannot be identified. Thus, the model will become D = T x S x R Since the random elemen is unpredictable, we shall make a working assumption that its overall value, or average value, is 1. Thus, the model will be simplified to D = T x S