Contoh dari kegiatan Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal dan Kebijakan PBB untuk penciptaan lapangan kerja pasca konflik Proyek Maluku – Juni 2012

Local Economic Recovery /LER (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal / PEL) Dalam jangka pendek : Contoh intervensi PEL (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal) (1) Penggabungan ulang dari kelompok yang paling rapuh, termasuk para mantan pejuang, melalui kesempatan kerja sementara 03/04/2017 Local Economic Recovery /LER (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal / PEL)

Local Economic Recovery /LER (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal / PEL) Dalam jangka pendek : Contoh intervensi PEL (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal) (2) Pembentukan layanan ketenagakerjaan di daerah reintegrasi (layanan yang bisa dilaksanakan bersamaan dengan Kegiatan Pembangunan Ekonomi Lokal-PEL/Local Economic Development Activities –LEDAs) 03/04/2017 Local Economic Recovery /LER (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal / PEL)

Local Economic Recovery /LER (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal / PEL) Dalam jangka pendek : Contoh intervensi PEL (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal) (3) Pelatihan kerja 03/04/2017 Local Economic Recovery /LER (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal / PEL)

Local Economic Recovery /LER (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal / PEL) Dalam jangka pendek dan menengah : Contoh intervensi PEL (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal) Memperkuat kapasitas pengusaha lokal 03/04/2017 Local Economic Recovery /LER (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal / PEL)

Dalam jangka menengah dan jangka panjang : Contoh intervensi PEL (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal) (1) Kemampuan Diperkerjakan Akses menuju Pelayanan Pengembangan Usaha Kewirausahaan, perusahaan dan koperasi Dukungan infrastruktur Akses terhadap Sumber Daya Finansial Lingkungan yang mendukung terlaksananya Usaha Manajemen dan Partisipasi Publik la reconstrucción y rehabilitación de infraestructura esenciales (carreteras, sistemas de riego, caminos, depósitos de almacenamiento de agua) 03/04/2017 Local Economic Recovery /LER (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal / PEL)

Local Economic Recovery /LER (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal / PEL) Dalam jangka menengah dan jangka panjang : Contoh intervensi PEL (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal) (2) Rehabilitasi daerah produktif 03/04/2017 Local Economic Recovery /LER (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal / PEL)

Local Economic Recovery /LER (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal / PEL) Dalam jangka menengah dan jangka panjang : Contoh intervensi PEL (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal) (3) Rehabilitasi pelayanan dan infrastruktur melalui metodologi padat karya 03/04/2017 Local Economic Recovery /LER (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal / PEL)

Local Economic Recovery /LER (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal / PEL) Dalam jangka menengah dan jangka panjang : Contoh intervensi PEL (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal) (4) Pembentukan kembali dan proses memperkuat layanan kunci untuk bisnis/usaha 03/04/2017 Local Economic Recovery /LER (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal / PEL)

Dalam jangka menengah dan jangka panjang : Contoh intervensi PEL (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal) (5) Rancangan dan pengaktifan skema keuangan mikro 03/04/2017 Local Economic Recovery /LER (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal / PEL)

3. Perbaikan untuk pembngunan Reintegrasi pasca konflik : kesempatan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan mendesak dari masyarakat saat membangun sumber daya fisik dan manusia yang diperlukan untuk pemulihan dan pembangunan ekonomi jangka panjang. 03/04/2017 Local Economic Recovery /LER (Pemulihan Ekonomi Lokal / PEL)

Satu Program pada Tiga Jalur yang Bersamaan Negosiasi Perdamaian Stabilisasi Tuan rumah (Hosting), Komunitas Lokal Reintegrasi Transisi Kelompok Sasaran Seluruh Bangsa Perjanjian Perdamaian Pra-penilaian Keamanan Pemasukan (Income Security) Kebutuhan Sosial Dasar (Basic Social Needs) Penciptaan Lapangan Pekerjaan yang Berkelanjutan Penciptaan Lapangan Pekerjaan yang Layak Persetujuan rencana Pra-Perdamaian Coherent and comprehensive strategies for post-conflict employment creation, income generation and reintegration programmes should always include the three concurrent tracks detailed in this graph. While all three tracks promote employment, their focus is different: respectively stabilization, reintegration and long-term employment creation. Programme activities in the three tracks should be interlinked and all should have an early start up, preceded by pre-peace accord planning. Although programmes in all three tracks will start at the same time, and will be observed at every phase of the recovery, their intensity and duration will vary in response to the local situation. The figure illustrates the evolving priorities of these three main tracks of post-conflict employment programming, with each track aimed at a different peacebuilding priority and a wider target group. Track A and Track B are geared towards addressing the more urgent peacebuilding issues, while Track C aims to support the development of national capacities, strategies and policies to achieve sustainable solutions. Track C generally requires a greater lead-in time before being effective, since developing national systems usually takes longer. Proses Perdamaian Jalur A MENSTABILKAN SUMBER PEMASUKAN & PENYEDIAAN LAPANGAN PEKERJAAN DARURAT Jalur B PERBAIKAN EKONOMI LOKAL UNTUK REINTEGRASI DAN PENYEDIAAN LAPANGAN KERJA Jalur C PENCIPTAAN LAPANGAN PEKERJAAN YANG BERKELANJUTAN DAN PEKERJAAN LAYAK

Tuan rumah (Hosting), Komunitas Lokal Perjanjian Perdamaian Negosiasi Perdamaian Stabilisasi Reintegrasi Transisi Tuan rumah (Hosting), Komunitas Lokal Kelompok Sasaran Seluruh Bangsa Perjanjian Perdamaian Pra-penilaian Keamanan Pemasukan (Income Security) Kebutuhan Sosial Dasar (Basic Social Needs) Penciptaan Lapangan Pekerjaan yang Berkelanjutan Penciptaan Lapangan Pekerjaan yang Layak Persetujuan rencana Pra-Perdamaian Track A: Stabilizing income generation and emergency employment Programmes in this track include: emergency temporary jobs, such as cash-for-work and public employment services, as well as basic livelihood and start-up grants (including cash aid). Short cycle skills training may also be needed, as this aims to respond to an immediate demand for a specific skill that is lacking in the labour market, and gives beneficiaries the ability to find employment quickly and contribute to the first recovery efforts. This track of employment programmes aims to consolidate security and stability. Programmes typically target specific conflict-affected individuals. The emphasis is on short-term responses, often of a temporary nature, that provide a quick peace dividend to targeted ex-combatants, high-risk youth, returnees, IDPs and others with urgent needs or running a high risk of exploitation or abuse, particularly women. In addition to contributing to stabilization and relief, direct employment programmes can also make first valuable contributions to reconstruction and recovery. If well designed, these programmes can help kick-start economic and social recovery and restore livelihoods. Proses Perdamaian MENSTABILKAN SUMBER PEMASUKAN & PENYEDIAAN LAPANGAN PEKERJAAN DARURAT Pekerjaan darurat sementara Proyek uang tunai/ makanan, Pelayanan Lowongan Pekerjaan Darurat, Pelatihan keahlian kerja dengan siklus singkat Mata pencaharian bertarget dan usaha swadaya bantuan memulai usaha, peralatan memulai usaha, bantuan makanan dan uang tunai

Tuan rumah (Hosting), Komunitas Lokal Perjanjian Perdamaian Negosiasi Perdamaian Reintegrasi Stabilisasi Tuan rumah (Hosting), Komunitas Lokal Transisi Kelompok Sasaran Seluruh Bangsa Perjanjian Perdamaian Pra-penilaian Keamanan Pemasukan (Income Security) Kebutuhan Sosial Dasar (Basic Social Needs) Penciptaan Lapangan Pekerjaan yang Berkelanjutan Penciptaan Lapangan Pekerjaan yang Layak Persetujuan rencana Pra-Perdamaian Track B: Local economic recovery for employment opportunities and reintegration Key programmes in this track include: capacity development of local governments and other local authorities and institutions (including customary institutions), providers of business services and other associations; community driven development programmes comprising participatory investments in local socio-economic infrastructure, and social and productive programmes; and local economic recovery programmes, developed in consultation with community groups, aiming at the expansion of the private sector and direct employment support services, such as financial development and microfinance programmes. This track of employment programmes focuses on promoting employment opportunities at the local level, where reintegration of ex-combatants and other returnees ultimately takes place. Rebuilding communities provides opportunities to address root causes of conflict and facilitate longer term reconciliation. The scope of participating economic actors is wider, and capacity and institution development become central objectives. The focus is on consolidating the peace process and reintegration. Proses Perdamaian PEMULIHAN EKONOMI LOKAL UNTUK PENYEDIAAN LAPANGAN PEKERJAAN DAN PROSES REINTEGRASI Pembangunan Kapasitas Lokal Pemerintahan Lokal, LSM dan (CBOs?), Kewenangan Lokal, Pelaku Ekonomi. Perbaikan Berbasis Komunitas (Community Driven Recovery - CDR), Perencanaan lokal, ocal planning, Pertanggungjawaban dan Audit Lokal, Kontrak Komunitas, rekonstruksi infrastruktur dan tenaga kerja komunitas , dan pendekatan berbasis tenaga kerja. Perbaikan Ekonomi Lokal (Local Economy Recovery - LER): Informasi tenaga kerja, layanan penyuluhan, knsultasi dan referensi, aktivitas mata pencaharian berskala kecil, layanan dukungan perbaikan usaha (business recovery support, berkembang menjadi BDS?), keuangan mikro.

Tuan rumah (Hosting), Komunitas Lokal Perjanjian Perdamaian Negosiasi Perdamaian Stabilisasi Tuan rumah (Hosting), Komunitas Lokal Reintegrasi Transisi Kelompok Sasaran Seluruh Bangsa Perjanjian Perdamaian Pra-penilaian Keamanan Pemasukan (Income Security) Kebutuhan Sosial Dasar (Basic Social Needs) Penciptaan Lapangan Pekerjaan yang Berkelanjutan Penciptaan Lapangan Pekerjaan yang Layak Persetujuan rencana Pra-Perdamaian Track C: Sustainable employment creation and decent work Key programmes in this track include: Promoting an Enabling Environment for Employment - Macro-economic policy (monetary, fiscal, trade and investment) - Labour legislation for Decent Work - Sectoral policies (such as agriculture, industry, transport, trade, etc.) - Decentralization policies Rule of Law (security, transparency and accountability, property rights, etc.) Private Sector Recovery & Development - Reviving existing private sector (training and fiscal, financial incentives) - Business Development Services (service providers and regulatory framework) - Market development and value chain upgrading - Targeted financial services and credit Attracting foreign investments (from diaspora, FDI) 3. Labour related Mechanisms and institutions - Standards and framework for consensus building / social dialogue - Support to tripartite plus institutions - Support to labour administration (labour inspection, judiciary, labour market information systems) - Employability and job placement - Social protection and safety nets This track involves support to policies, institutional capacity development at the national level and the creation of a framework for discussion to define “the rules of the game”. Programmes should be supported and vetted by social dialogue between tripartite constituents (government, employers and workers) and other relevant stakeholders. The ultimate goal is to promote sustainable long-term development that sustains productive employment and decent work, while respecting fundamental human rights, promoting gender equality and attention for marginalized groups. While most interventions in this track continue to have a role as the country’s recovery progresses, it is important that work in this field starts immediately after the crisis, balancing the need for quick action with the importance of sustainable impact. PENCIPTAAN LAPANGAN KERJA BERKELANJUTAN DAN PEKERJAAN YANG LAYAK Mempromosikan dan melaksanakan lingkungan lapangan kerja : kebijakan makro ekonomi, peraturan ketenagakerjaan, peraturan desentralisasi, peraturan tata hukum. Perbaikan dan pengembangan sektor swasta: Memberikan dorongan kepada sektor swasta yang sudah ada, Layanan Pengembangan Bisnis, pengembangan pasar dan peningkatan rantai nilai, layanan finansial dan kredit bertarget, menarik investasi asing. Institusi dan Mekanisme yang berkaitan dengan Tenaga Kerja: standar untuk dialog sosial, dukungan kepada tripartit dan institusi serta administrasi tenaga kerja, kemampuan untuk diperkerjakan dan penempatan kerja, perlindungan sosial dan keamanan kerja. Proses Perdamaian