Fakultas Teknik – Prodi Teknik Sipil UNIVERSITAS NAROTAMA SURABAYA AUTO CAD Fakultas Teknik – Prodi Teknik Sipil UNIVERSITAS NAROTAMA SURABAYA

TUJUAN MATA KULIAH INI MEMBERIKAN GAMBARAN BAGAIMANA MEMBUAT GAMBAR PERENCANAAN DAN PELAKSANAAN UNTUK MENGETAHUI BAGAIMANA METODE DALAM PENGGAMBARAN UNTUK MENGANALISA GAMBAR

SASARAN MAHASISWA MENGERTI AKAN PEMBUATAN GAMBAR PERENCANAAN MAUPUN PELAKSANAAN MAHASISWA MENGERTI DAN MEMAHAMI MEMBACA GAMBAR AUTO CAD MAHASISWA MENGERTI AKAN METODE DALAM MENG GAMBAR DENGAN AUTOCAD MAHASISWA MENGERTI DALAM MENGANALISA SUATU GAMBAR PERENCANAAN DAN PELAKSANAAN

DAFTAR PUSTAKA Soewardji Tandio Soegono, ILMU BAHAN BANGUNAN Penerbit Tiga Solo Goodban & Hayslett, GAMBAR DAN PERENCANAAN ARSITEKTUR Panduan gambar Dinas Pekerjaan Umum

DASAR PENILAIAN TUGAS --------------------------------50 % UJIAN----------------------------------25 % PRAKTIKUM--------------------------25 % TOTAL --------------------------------100 %

MATERI AUTOCAD INTRODUCTION PENGENALAN GAMBAR GAMBAR EDITING PLOTING REVIEWING

Pengenalan Program Auto Computer Aided Design 1. APA ITU AUTO CAD............................................................................... 2. UNTUK APA PROGRAM AUTO CAD..................................................... 3. UNTUK SIAPA PROGRAM AUTO CAD................................................. 4. BAGAIMANA CARA KERJA PROGRAM AUTO CAD .......................... 5. PENDUKUNG PROGRAM AUTO CAD.................................................. Pengenalan System CAD 1. SYSTEM PADA AUTO CAD 2. PEMAHAMAN POLA SYSTEM AUTO CAD 3. PENGENALAN PERINTAH – PERINTAH DASAR PADA AUTO CAD

POLA PIKIR KERJA AUTO COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN INPUT DATA KONSEP HARDWARE OUTPUT

DALAM MENGGAMBAR AUTOCAD KONSEP PEMAHAMAN DALAM MENGGAMBAR AUTOCAD Teknik & Metode TEKNIK GAMBAR Output Gambar Perencanaan TEKNIK BAHAN BANGUNAN Output Gambar Pelaksaan TEKNIK PELAKSANAAN Output Pencetakaan gambar

AutoCAD AutoCAD merupakan salah satu produk Computer Aided Design (CAD) yang paling banyak digunakan. CAD adalah alat bantu merancang menggunakan komputer dengan tujuan untuk menghasilkan output rancangan yang memiliki tingkat akurasi tinggi dan dirancang dalam waktu singkat.

AutoCAD Keunggulan CAD dibandingkan penggambaran secara manual adalah : Meningkatkan waktu rancang produk yang sangat signifikan. Hasil output yang presisi dengan tingkat akurasi yang sangat tinggi. Mudah dilakukan perbaikan apabila ditemukan kesalahan karena data gambar masih disimpan di dalam komputer. Karakteristik para dafter dapat ditekan seminim mungkin. Dapat menggunakan data gambar terdahulu yang memiliki karakteristik yang hampir sama. Mampu mengerjakan suatu rancangan secara bersama-sama walaupun terpisah jarak secara fisik.

Memulai AutoCAD

Elemen-elemen AutoCAD Command line Control menu icon Drawing area Menu bar Scroll bar Sizing button Snap Status bar Title bar Tollbar UCS icon

Cara Menggunakan AutoCAD Menggunakan perintah ketik Menggunakan toolbar Menggunakan menu bar

Menggunakan Pengetikan Perintah

Menggunakan Toolbar

Menggunakan Menu Bar

Fungsi Tombol Mouse dalam AutoCAD Keterangan Klik (click) Menekan tombol mouse satu kali Klik ganda (double click) Menekan tombol mouse dua kali berurutan secara cepat tanpa menggeser mouse Geser (drag) Tekan tombol kiri mouse, tahan, kemudian geser ke posisi yang diinginkan, apabila selesai lepaskan

Memulai Gambar Baru Menu bar : File  New Pilih : Start from Stretch Pilih : Metric Menu Bar : Tools  Options  User Preferences  Design Center Menu Bar : Format  Units  Drag and Drop Scale

Membuka File Menu bar : File  Open Pilih salah satu file  Klik open

Menyimpan File Gambar Menu bar : File  Save Pilih folder tempat penyimpanan file Ketik judul file  Klik save

Menutup File Menu bar : File  Exit Jika ada tawaran untuk menyimpan perubahan  Pilih YES

TAMPILAN AUTO CAD

PERINTAH AWAL

PERINTAH PENGGAMBARAN

PERINTAH PENGGAMBARAN

PERINTAH PENGGAMBARAN

PERINTAH UTILITY

Automatic Computer Aided Design pengenalan sistem penggambaran Auto CAD

pendahuluan unit satuan penggambaran skala metric

setting unit aotu cad Drawing unit edit

sistem penggambaran auto cad sistem sumbu pola sumbu cartesian, yaitu sumbu x dan y +Y +X -Y - X P (X,Y) model 2 dimensi

sistem penggambaran auto cad sistem sumbu pola sumbu cartesian, dengan sumbu x , y dan Z model 3 dimensi +Y -Y -X +X +Z - Z P ( X,Y,Z )

sistem penggambaran auto cad sistem polar (sudut) pola sistem sudut derajat ------------------ satuan decimal format umum “@ jarak<sudut” 90 180 270 225 135 315 45 + positip - negatif

pada layar screen auto cad world cordinate system (WCS)

pada layar screen auto cad user cordinate system (UCS)

MEMULAI MENGGAMBAR AUTO CAD

Starting AutoCAD Double click on AutoCAD icon AutoCAD environment Drop-down menus Standard toolbar Specific toolbars The graphic area View tabs The command area The status area Command Entry Command area Menus Icons

File Operations File Operations New Save Open Tools / Display Image…

Setting Up Drawing Environment Drawing units: Indicate metric unit in pop up window at start up  Format / Units… - Decimal units - Precision: 0.00 Limits  Format / Drawing Limits In command area, Lower left corner: 0,0 Upper right corner: 200,200 (example: 20x20 cm) Viewing View / Zoom… or select icons (zoom all) or (zoom window) View / Toolbar… : select frequent operations  View / Regenerate/ Redraw: to clear the clicked points

Basic Operations (1) Coordinate systems Absolute coordinates: Cartesian (X,Y) or Polar (R<Ao) Relative coordinates: Cartesian (@X,Y) or Polar (@R<Ao) User defined coordinate system: USC command - 3points option

Basic Operations (2)  Select icon or type line 2D drawing: lines:  Select icon or type line click the starting point and ending point on the graphic area or type coordinates of these points Arcs:  Select icon or type arc select points or key in coordinates of the points according to requirements Other commands: polyline (command= pl) , rectangle, circle, etc.

Basic Operations Common modifying operations Snap modes( select endpoints, intersection) Select icons or click right hand side to obtain a float menu select suitable option Or go to Tools / Object Snap Settings… Common modifying operations Erase: type e then select object to erase Rotate: type rotate or select menu Modify / Rotate Others: offset, array, 2D object modifications: Select modify – select trim, break, extend, etc.

1. Setting up the drawing. (Drawing Limits, Units, Grid) O D U C 1. Setting up the drawing. (Drawing Limits, Units, Grid) 2. Introducing Tool bars 3. Where to go for help and how to get it 4. Intro to layers and layer control 5. Setting up line weights 6. Introduction to drawing using tool bars and commands 7. Drawing using OSNAP, POLAR, ORTHO, OTRACK buttons 8. Introduction to layouts & Setting up viewports 9. Plotting A D V N C E

1. Setting up the drawing There are two main ways to tell the program what to do. One way is to find a certain command on the tool bar or under one of the options on top of your window (File, Edit, View, Insert, Format, Tools……). The second way is by typing up the command in the Command Line. The directions below will provide the information on both ways. 1.Drawing Units Drawing Units set up the current format for units of measure. In order to set up the drawing units, Go: Format menu: Units You will now have a choice between Architectural, Decimal, Engineering, Fractional, and Scientific Units. The Engineering and Architectural formats produce feet-and-inches displays and assume that each drawing unit represents one inch. You can also type in “UNITS” in the command line and the same window should appear. Precision Sets the number of decimal places or fractional size displayed for linear measurements. 2. Drawing Limits In order to set up drawing limits, Go: Format menu: Drawing limits. You can also type “limits’ in the command line. You will then have to type in 4 limits in (x, y) coordinates form. 3. Grid In order to create a grid, either type in “Grid” followed by typing in spacing in your grid. Or you can click on ‘SNAP’ on the bottom of the window and set up the grid there.

2. Introducing Tool Bars You can see there is a number of different tool bars on the screen. The main tool bar which is located under the Menu bar. These are the most frequently used tool bars. If you place your mouse on it and right click, you will get a list of other tool bars that you may want to display (by scrolling down and clicking on them). This tool bar offers different shapes and objects to draw. You can see what they do by putting your mouse on each one and waiting until a balloon with description pops up. This tool bar offers different ways of editing your drawing(s). *Remember the name of the command that pops up in the help balloon by putting your mouse over each button. If you remember the command, you can later type it in the command line and achieve the same result.

3. Where To Get Help If you have any questions, you can always refer to ‘AutoCAD Help”. You can get there by typing in “Help” in the command line or hitting F1. After the AutoCAD window opens up, select “Search” tab. Then you can type in a topic you would like to search for.

4. Layers and Layer Control (from AutoCAD Help): You can reduce the visual complexity of a drawing and improve display performance by controlling the number of objects that are displayed or concealed. For example, you can use layers to control the visibility of similar objects, such as electrical parts or dimensions. Also, you can lock a layer to prevent objects on that layer from being accidentally selected and modified. Click here in order to create and modify layers.

5. Setting Up Line Weights There are two ways to change Line Weights. One way is assign a line weight to a layer. Every line and object on that layer will then have the same line weight. The second way to change line weight is by manually changing it one line at a time. 1) a. In order to assign line weight to a layer, click on ‘Layer Properties Manager’ button. b. Click here to change the line weight. c. A box will pop up where you can assign line weights. 2) In order to change line weights one line at a time. Highlight the line on the screen and change line weight by clicking on ‘Line Weight Control’ button and scrolling down to pick the thickness.

6. Introduction to drawing using tool bars and commands. Remember there are a number of ways to draw in AutoCAD. One way is by opening up appropriate tool bars drawing using them. Another way is by typing in an appropriate command in the Command Line. You can also draw by looking up commands under the main menu on top of the screen. (Draw, Dimension, Modify….) There are many drawing tools under ‘Draw’ on the main menu and lots of modifying tools under ‘Modify.’ Remember to use ‘Help’ in order to find other commands you are not familiar with.

7. Drawing using OSNAP, POLAR, ORTHO, OTRACK buttons. On the bottom of the screen there are a number of buttons ‘SNAP, GRID, ORTHO, POLAR, OSNAP,OTRACK, LWT, MODEL’ By right clicking on each button, you are able to change the settings for each mode. By left-clicking on each button, you are able to turn each mode on and off. SNAP- snaps onto grid points. GRID- turns on/off grid. ORTHO- (from AutoCad Help) In Ortho mode, cursor movement is constrained to the horizontal or vertical directions (relative to the UCS) and with the current grid rotation angle. AutoCAD ignores Ortho mode in perspective views. OSNAP- snaps onto parts of the object. You can change what your cursor snaps onto, ex: endpoints, crossings, corners…… OTRACK- (from AutoCad Help) Use object snap tracking to track along alignment paths that are based on object snap points. LWT- displays the actual thickness of each line. MODEL- switches back and forth between layout space and model space.

8. Introduction to Layouts & Setting up Viewports 1).Layouts are used to create drawing sheets on which your drawings are plotted. In order to create a layout, click on the layout tab (shown with an arrow above). Under ‘Page Setup’ (located under File), you can pick the plotter, paper size, scale…. Once your layout is set up, you can create viewports in order to show your drawing on the layout. In order to create a viewport: 1) Viewports under View (on the main menu) 2) pick how many viewports you would like to create. 2). Once you have all the viewports in your layout, you may scale them by: 1. highlighting the box around each viewport 2. right-clicking on the viewport and selecting ‘properties’ 3. Under properties click on ‘Standard Scale’. Now, you are able to scroll down and pick a scale for you viewport.

9. Plotting After you set up your layout and are ready to print it, you may go to File and click on ‘Plot.’ If you have already picked your ‘Plot Device’ and ‘Plot Settings’ earlier under ‘Page Setup’, then you’re probably ready to plot. If not, you should pick your ‘Plot Device’ (printer) first (since that will change your paper options), and then set up your ‘Plot Settings.’ Notice that you can print to different scales. Most of the time you will probably be printing 1:1 scale, but you may print to other scales also. If you drew your drawings in ‘units’ than you have an option letting the program know what 1 unit equals (in terms of inches). You may also plot the whole layout, or just a window. If you would like to print part of the layout, click on the ‘window’ button and highlight everything you would like plot. Then hit ‘full preview’ before plotting your drawing.