Degradasi tanah Degradasi lahan adalah suatu konsep dari nilai lingkungan biofisik yang dipengaruhi oleh satu atau lebih gabungan dari aktivitas manusia aktif melakukan kegiatan pada lahan. bahaya alam adalah di luar sebab, akan tetapi aktivitas manusia merupakan efek tidak langsung yang dapat dilihat berupa fenomena banjir dan kebakaran semak. Diperkirakan lebih dari 40% lahan pertanian di dunia telah terdegradasi secara serius

Degradasi tanah Overgrazing by livestock can lead to land degradationlivestock

Degradasi lahan merupakan masalah global, terutama yang berhubungan dengan usaha pertanian. Sebab- sebab utama termasuk: Land clearance, such as clearcutting and deforestationclearcutting deforestation Agricultural depletion of soil nutrients through poor farming practicesnutrients Livestock including overgrazingLivestockovergrazing Urban conversion Irrigation and overdraftingIrrigationoverdrafting Land pollution including industrial wasteLand pollutionindustrial waste Vehicle Off-roadingOff-roading Weeds Walking tracks

Effects Erosi tanah di lahan gandum dekat Pullman, USA.Pullman Outcome utama dari degradasi lahan adalah menurun secara substansial produktivitas lahan]] Terutama stress lahan yang digunakan antara lain karena;The major stresses on vulnerable(digunakan/dikenakan) land include: Erosi tanah dipercepat oleh angin dan air Pemasaman tanah atau alkaliniasi Kerusakan struktur tanah termasuk kehilangan bahan organik (tanah tidak diurus) Lahan yang sering dipijak Penyebaran degradasi lahan berpengaruh secara signifikan pada lahan yang sering digunakan, berkurangnya kesejahteraan dan perkembangan ekonomi bangsa Degradasi lahan dapat ditunda lebih lanjut melalui perbaikan pola budidaya pertanian. Dan mengurangi pertumbuhan populasi. Sebagaimana dasar sebagai sumber daya lahan menjadi kurang produktif, keamanan makanan. Disebabkan karena merosotnya sumber daya lahan, lahan kurang produktif, keamanan pangan didisebabkan tinggi persaingan karena meningkatnya kemerosotan sumber daya lahan, the seeds of famine (kekurangan) and potential conflict are sown.famine

Unless land rehabilitation measures are effective a downward eco-social spiral is created when marginal lands are nutrient depleted by unsustainable land management practices resulting in lost soil resilience leading to soil degradation and permanent damage.land rehabilitationland managementsoil resiliencesoil degradation We often assume that land degradation only affects soil fertility.fertility However, the effects of land degradation often more significantly affect receiving water courses (rivers, wetlands and lakes) since soil, along with nutrients and contaminants associated with soil, are delivered in large quantities to environments that respond detrimentally to their input. Land degradation therefore has potentially disastrous effects on lakes and reservoirs that are designed to alleviate flooding, provide irrigation, and generate hydroelectricity.floodingirrigation hydroelectricity

Soil erosion in a wheat field near Pullman, USA.wheatPullman

Climate change Significant land degradation from seawater inundation, particularly in river deltas and on low-lying islands, is a potential hazard that was identified in a 2007 IPCC report. As a result of sea-level rise from climate change, salinity levels can reach levels where agriculture becomes impossible.seawater inundationriver deltasIPCCsea-level rise

References ^ Conacher, Arthur; Conacher, Jeanette (1995). Rural Land Degradation in Australia. South Melbourne, Victoria: Oxford University Press Australia. pp. 2. ISBN ^ISBN ^ Ian Sample ( ). "Global food crisis looms as climate change and population growth strip fertile land". The Guardian. Retrieved on ^Global food crisis looms as climate change and population growth strip fertile landThe Guardian ^ "Land: Programmes and Activities". United Nations Environment Programme. Retrieved on ^Land: Programmes and ActivitiesUnited Nations Environment Programme "Human Induced Land Degradation is Preventable". United States Department of Agriculture - Natural Resources Conservation Service. Retrieved on This article incorporates text in the public domain produced by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation ServiceHuman Induced Land Degradation is PreventableUnited States Department of AgricultureNatural Resources Conservation ServiceUSDA Natural Resources Conservation Service [edit] Further readingedit Eswaran, H.; R. Lal and P.F. Reich. (2001). "Land degradation: an overview". Responses to Land Degradation. Proc. 2nd. International Conference on Land Degradation and Desertification, New Delhi, India: Oxford Press. Retrieved on Land degradation: an overview D.L. Johnson and L.A. Lewis Land Degradation:Creation and Destruction, 2nd edition, Rowman and Littlefield, Lanham, Boulder, New York, Toronto, Oxford, 2007.