Inovasi Fiskal Untuk Pendanaan Transportasi Perkotaan Harun al-Rasyid LUBIS Seminar Pengembangan Monorel sebagai Bagian dari Sistem Transportasi Publik Universitas Tarumanagara 2 April 2013

Tantangan ..... Dampak lingkungan lalu lintas sangat serius Solusi berdayakan angkutan umum, tetapi bagaimana caranya ? Dampak lingkungan lalu lintas sangat serius Rubah kebiasaan berkendara ? Terapkan strategi terpadu

Rail + Property Development ? 3

Skema Pendanaan Public Financing by Government Private Financing - Capital Grants - Infrastructure Funds Private Financing - Bond, equity/share issue - Loans, PFI, Profit sharing Public Private Partnership

Farebox ratio ( Ticket revenue / Opex )

Pendapatan non-fare box 6

Sumber OWN EQUITY (Modal sendiri) PAY AS YOU GO : CAPEX O&M ✔ OWN EQUITY (Modal sendiri) PAY AS YOU GO : Pajak, retribusi, earmarking , CDM Tiket DEBT: Hutang , Obligasi 4. GRANT , dukungan pemerintah, subsidi (VGF ) 5. PPP: Partisipasi sektor swasta ( KPS) 7

Who Pays what for Infrastructure Investment ? Source : AFD, France

Who Pays What for Operation Source : AFD, France

Innovative Funds for Urban Public Transport Versement Transport (France) Value Capturing & TOD (U.S.A, Japan) (P+R) developmnt , Air rights & profit sharing (MRTC, HK) Fuel tax, income tax, sale tax (Austin, Texas) Congestion charges (London, Stockholm, Singapore)

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TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT ( T O D)

Value capture Objects by location Zhirong, Zao, et.al. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 48 (2012) 435 – 448 13

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Karakteristik Value capture Source: Zhirong, Zao, et.al. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 48 (2012) 435 – 448 16

Value capture realization by time Zhirong, Zao, et.al. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 48 (2012) 435 – 448 17

Efektifitas Value Capture 18

Affordability , Demand Risk & Government Guarantees Minimum Revenue Guarantee Revenue shared with Government Revenue ($) Government Revenue Support Revenue Cap User paid Revenue ($) time CADS(1) CADS(2) Tenor of Contract Risk Allocation Framework Optimality Clarity Certainty 19

SIMPULAN 1. Beragam Sumber pendanaan angkutan umum perlu dikembangkan dan di tangkap  Pengaturan fiskal 2. Siapkan pendanaan khusus “Urban Transport Trust Fund” agar sustainable 3. Siapkan Otoritas Transportasi Kota

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