Bab 1 Pendahuluan

Fungsi Operasi Operasi sebagai sebuah proses transformation Operations sebagai sebuah fungsi dasar Operations sebagai core teknis

Operasi sebagai sebuah Proses Transformasi INPUT Material Mesin Tenaga Kerja Manajement Modal

Operasi sebagai sebuah Proses Transformasi INPUT Material Mesin Tenaga Kerja Manajement Modal PROSES TRANSFORMATION

Operasi sebagai sebuah Proses Transformasi INPUT Material Mesin Tenaga Kerja Manajement Modal OUTPUT Barang2 Servis PROSES TRANSFORMATION

Operasi sebagai sebuah Proses Transformasi Feedback INPUT Material Mesin Tenaga Kerja Manajement Modal OUTPUT Barang2 Servis PROSES TRANSFORMATION

Proses Transformasi Physical (manufacturing) Locational (transportation/warehouse) Exchange (retail) Physiological (health care) Psychological (entertainment) Informational (communications)

Operasi sebagai core teknik

Operasi sebagai core teknik Finance/Accounting Human Resources Marketing Suppliers

Sejarah Manajemen Operasi Revolusi Industri Manajemen Ilmiah Human Relations Revolusi Kualitas Globalisasi Revolusi Informasi/Internet

Historical Events in OM Industrial Revolution Steam engine 1769 James Watt Division of labor 1776 Adam Smith Interchangeable parts 1790 Eli Whitney Scientific Management Principles 1911 Frederick W. Taylor Time and motion studies 1911 Frank & Lillian Gilbreth Activity scheduling chart 1912 Henry Gant Moving assembly line 1913 Henry Ford

Historical Events in OM Human Relations Hawthorne studies 1930 Elton Mayo Motivation theories 1940s Abraham Maslow 1950s Frederick Hertzberg 1960s Douglas McGregor Management Science Linear programming 1947 George Dantzig Digital computer 1951 Remington Rand Simulation, PERT/CPM, 1950s Operations research Waiting line theory groups MRP 1960s Joseph Orlicky, IBM

Historical Events in OM Quality Revolution JIT 1970s Taiichi Ohno, Toyota TQM 1980s W. Edwards Deming, Joseph Juran, et. al. Strategy and operations Skinner, Hayes Reengineering 1990s Hammer, Champy World Trade Organization 1990s Numerous countries and companies Globalization European Union and 1970s IBM and others other trade agreements EDI, EFT, CIM 1980s

Historical Events in OM Information Age/ Internet Revolution Internet, WWW, ERP 1990s ARPANET, Tim Supply chain Berners-Lee, SAP, i2 management, Technologies, ORACLE, E-commerce PeopleSoft, Amazon, Yahoo, eBay, and others

Rantai Nilai baru (a) Traditional Value Chain Manufacturer Wholesaler/ distributor Retailer Consumer Infomediary E-Retailer Aggregator Portal (a) Traditional Value Chain (b) Intermediaries Eliminated (Deintermediation) (b) New Intermediaries Introduced (Reintermediation)

Integrasi Rantai Nilai Manufacturer Supplier Customer Flow of information (customer order) Flow of product (order fulfillment)

Tipe B2B Transaksi (a) Electronic Storefront (b) Seller’s Auction Buyer Seller Buyers Sellers Buyer Buyers Sellers (a) Electronic Storefront (b) Seller’s Auction (c) Buyer’s Auction (d) Exchange or E-Marketplace