FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN DAN ILMU KESEHATAN

Presentasi berjudul: "FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN DAN ILMU KESEHATAN"— Transcript presentasi:

1 FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN DAN ILMU KESEHATAN
INFEKSI BAKTERI MUSKULOSKELETAL OLEH M.SABIR BAGIAN MIKROBIOLOGI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN DAN ILMU KESEHATAN UNIVERSITAS TADULAKO

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5 BAKTERI YANG MENGINFEKSI
MUSKULOSKELETAL Staphylococcus Streptocuccus Bacillus Mycobacterium

6 STAPHYLOCOCCUS Staphyloccocci - derived from Greek “stapyle” (bunch of grapes) Gram positive cocci arranged in clusters Include a major human pathogen and skin commensals

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8 Grouping for Clinical Purposes
1. Coagulase positive Staphylococci Staphylococcus aureus 2. Coagulase negative Staphylococci Staphylococcus epidermidis Staphylococcus saprophyticus

9 Spesies yang penting dan sering
menimbulkan penyakit S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. capitis, S. hominis, S. saprophyticus.

10 Staphylococcus aureus
large, round, opaque colonies facultative anaerobe inhabitant the skin, mucous membranes, Spherical cells, irregular clusters, gram positive, lack spores and flagella , encapsulated.

11 The Enzymes of S. aureus Coagulase coagulates plasma and blood
causes fibrin deposited around staph cells. stop action host defenses “phagocytosis” produced 97% of S. aureus Hyaluronidase, promote invasion “spreading factor” staphylokinase, digests blood clots Nuclease, digests DNA(DNase); and Lipase, help bacteria colonize skin surfaces. Penicillinase, inactivate penicillin

12 Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST)
The Toxins of S. aureus Blood cell toxins (hemolysins and leukocidins), Intestinal toxins, Epithelial toxins. Alpha-toxin. Beta-toxin; Delta-toxin Gamma-toxin. Enterotoxins Exfoliative toxin Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST)

13 Localized Cutaneous Infections
Folliculitis Hidradenitis Furuncle . Carbuncle

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15 Systemic Infections osteomyelitis

16 Toxigenic Staphylococcal Disease
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS).

17 Staphylococcus epidermidis
Skin commensal Has predilection for plastic material Ass. With infection of IV lines, prosthetic heart valves, shunts Causes urinary tract infection in cathetarised patients

18 Streptococcus Arrangement beadlike chains, spherical,
rodlike, non-spore-forming, nonmotile, form capsules and slime layers,facultative anaerobes, production lactic acid, not form catalase, peroxidase Colonies small, nonpigmented, glistening. sensitive drying, heat, and disinfectants

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20 STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES
serious pathogen of humans, relatively strict parasite, inhabiting the throat, nasopharynx,

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22 Cell Surface Antigens and Virulence Factors
Surface antigens (carbohydrates, polysaccharides, teichoic acids) protect lysozyme defense. Lipoteichoic acid, for adherence to epithelialcells M-protein, resisting phagocytosis

23 Major Extracellular Toxins
Streptolysins, two types are streptolysin O (SLO) and streptolysin S (SLS). (erythrogenic*) pyrogenic toxin. bright red rash typical of this disease,

24 Major Extracellular Enzymes
Streptokinase, digestion of fibrin play a role in invasion. Hyaluronidase, spreading pathogen Streptodornase (DNase) hydrolyzing DNA.

25 Skin Infections pyoderma or erysipelas; pharyngitis or tonsillitis

26 Systemic Infections streptococcal toxic shock syndrome, rheumatic* fever (RF), acute glomerulonephritis (AGN), carditis

27 Bacillus Aerobic, catalase-positive, not fastidious. habitat soil, medical importance B. anthracis, B. cereus,

28 Bacillus anthracis largest , bacterial pathogens,
Nonmotile, rods, spores, virulence factors polypeptide capsule and exotoxins, cutaneous anthrax, pulmonary anthrax capillary thrombosis, cardiovascular shock. septicemia can cause death in a few hours. Gastrointestinal anthrax

29 Methods of Anthrax Control
Penicillin, tetracycline, vaccine, effective vaccination requires six inoculations given over 11⁄2 years, with yearly boosters. Animals that have died from anthrax must be burned

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31 Mycobacterium leprae Causa leprosy, acid-fast rods, cannot be grown on nutrient mediums or in cell cultures.

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34 Diagnosis. nasal mucosa scrapings, Ziehl-Neelsen staining, polymerase chainreaction

35 Therapy Paucibacillary forms: dapson plus rifampicin six months.
Multibacillary forms: dapson, rifampicin, and clofazimine two years.

36 Terima kasih

37 KUIS 1. SISTIM TUBUH DIBAWAH INI YANG TIDAK TERBEBAS DARI FLORA NORMAL,KECUALI ; A. Hidung B. nasopharyng C. anus D.paring E,bronkiolus

38 2. INFEKSI KUTANEUS YANG MENYEBABKAN INFLAMASI PADA FOLIKEL, KELENJAR DAN MENYEBAR ANTAR KELENJAR DAN FOLIKEL YANG LAIN ; A. FOLIKULITIS B. HIDRADENITIS C. FURUNKEL D,KARBUNKEL E.INFEKSI SISTEMIK

39 3. BERIKUT TERMASUK ENZIM DARI Staphylococcus aureus,kecuali ;
A. Hialuronidase B. Nuklease C.Lipase D.Koagulase E,Hemolisin

40 4. Kemampuan fagositosis spesifik Streptococcus pyogenes sebagai patogen serius adalah ;
A, M-protein B. Toksin pirogenik C. Streptolisin D.sam teikoat E.Polisakarida

41 5. Ensim ekstraseluler S.pyogenes yang berperan menghancurkan fibrin dalam rangka invasi ke jaringan ; A. Streptodornase B, Streptokinase C. Streptolisin S D.Toksin piogenik E.M-protein