Treatment and Disposal of Sludge

Presentasi berjudul: "Treatment and Disposal of Sludge"— Transcript presentasi:

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2 Treatment and Disposal of Sludge
stabilization thickening conditioning dewater drying disposal

3 Thickening ‧Suatu proses untuk menaikkan kandungan solid (dari 0.5 – 1.5 % menjadi 2 – 3 %) didalam sludge dengan mengurangi kandungan air nya. Metoda penurunan kadar air dapat dilakukan dengan cara : - Pengendapan secara gravitasi. - Pengapungan dengan pelarutan udara.

4 Gravity thickener

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6 Stabilization ‧Solids and biosolids are stabilized to :
- reduce pathogens, - eliminate offensive odors,

7 DEWATERING BELT – FILTER PRESS SLUDGE DRYING BED SLUDGE LAGOON

8 BELT – FILTER PRESS

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10 Belt filter press

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12 SLUDGE STABILIZATION

13 SLUDGE – DRYING BED Umumnya dipergunakan untuk pengeringan sludge dari Small – Medium IPAL. Pengeringan terjadi karena penguapan alamiah dan infiltrasi. Susunan Media : Gravel dan Sand dengan ketinggian dry – sludge yaitu (20 – 30) cm.

14 Susunan media Ukuran Media Ketinggian media (cm) Fine Sand 15
Coarse sand 7,5 Fine gravel Medium Gravel Coarse gravel 7,5 - 15

15 Desain Kriteria Jenis Sludge Population Equivalent (m2/orang)
Solid Loading Rate (SLR) (kg dry solid/(m2.tahun) Primary Digested 0,1 120 – 150 Primary & TF Sludge digested 0, ,16 90 – 120 Primary & Activated Sludge digested 0,16 – 0,23 60 – 100 Primary & Chemically Precipated digested 0,19 – 0,23

16 Drying bed

17 Drying bed

18 Alkaline stabilization
‧Lime is usually used to raise pH to 12 or higher, so that microbial activities are retarded or inactivated. ‧Major advantage lies in the soil-like product with substantially reduced pathogens. However, solid contents are increased.

19 Anaerobic stabilization
‧The oldest and the most commonly used one owing to energy efficiency and beneficial use of digested biosolids. ‧Three reactions: hydrolysis, acidogenesis, and methanogenesis. ‧Important factors include: HRT, temp, alkalinity, pH, toxic compounds, and bioavailability of nutrients.

20 Anaerobic Fermentation & Oxidation
Utilized mostly in treating sludge and the pretreatment of high-strength organic wastes. Becoming more common for dilute waste streams. Advantages of lower biomass yield and energy (CH4) recovery. Thermophilic fermentation processes under development.

21 Process Hydrolysis: Particulate materials are converted to soluble compounds and simpler monomers. Fermentation (acidogenesis): Fatty acids, amino acids, and etc are degraded further to acetate, CO2, H2, propionate and butyrate. Methanogenesis: Acetate is converted to CH4 and CO2; and H2 and CO2 are converted to CH4.

22 C and H flow in anaerobic process

23 Anaerobic Digestion - continued
Methane Production

24 Anaerobic digesters

25 Waffle Bottom Anaerobic Digester
Plan view Section view 25

26 Egg Shape Digester Deer Island Sewage Treatment Plant
Massachusetts Water Resources Authority (MWRA) (140 ft tall and 3 million gallons of sludge) 26

27 Egg-shaped digester

28 Egg Shape Anaerobic Digester
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29 Egg Shape Anaerobic Digesters
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30 Egg Shape Anaerobic Digesters
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