ONTOLOGI, EPISTEMOLOGI. METODELOGI

Presentasi berjudul: "ONTOLOGI, EPISTEMOLOGI. METODELOGI"— Transcript presentasi:

1 ONTOLOGI, EPISTEMOLOGI. METODELOGI
Azas-azas FAlsafah Yang Menjadi Sandaran Kajian Media dan society Erman Anom, Ph.D

2 ISU-ISU YG DITANYAI ONTOLOGI – APAKAH SIFAT FENOMENA YANG MENJADI FOKUS PENELITIAN? EPISTEMOLOGI – BAGAIMANAKAH DAPAT KITA KETAHUI APA YANG KITA TELITI? METODOLOGI – MENDAPATKAN DATA?

3 SIFAT MANUSIA BERTINGKAH LAKU DALAM DUNIA SOSIAL
PERSOALAN ONTOLOGI APAKAH SIFAT MANUSIA? APAKAH SIFAT MASYARAKAT? APAKAH SIFAT REALITI? APAKAH SIFAT TINGKAH LAKU? SIFAT MANUSIA BERTINGKAH LAKU DALAM DUNIA SOSIAL

4 KONSTRUKSIONIS SOSIAL
ONTOLOGI – 3 PENDIRIAN REALIS KONSTRUKSIONIS SOSIAL NOMINALIS

5 ONTOLOGY REALIST STANCE
A social realist sees both the physical and the social world as consisting of structures that exist “out there” and that are independent of an individual’s perception (Miller, 2002).

6 ONTOLOGY NOMINALIST STANCE
There is no world “out there” – only the names and labels of entities that are created by individuals (“in here”) (Miller, 2002).

7 ONTOLOGY SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIONIST STANCE
Social reality cannot be construed as either totally objective or totally subjective. Rather, it is an intersubjective construction that is created through communicative interaction (Miller, 2002).

8 EPISTEMOLOGI – 2 KEDUDUKAN
OBJEKTIVISME SUBJEKTIVISME

9 EPISTEMOLOGY - OBJECTIVISM
It is possible to understand and explain the social world and that explanations about the social world accumulate through the work of a community of scholars Knowledge about the social world can best be gained through a search for regularities and causal relationships among components of the social world

10 OBJECTIVISM contd. Regularities and causal relationships can best be discovered if a separation exists between the investigator and the subject of the investigation This separation can be guaranteed or enhanced through the use of scientific method observable evidence, clear definitions, observer-observed separation, control over phenomenon studied DEDUCTIVE PROCESS

11 EPISTEMOLOGY - SUBJECTIVISM
SITUATED KNOWLEDGE “INQUIRY FROM THE INSIDE” (ETHNOGRAPHIC METHODS) LOCAL UNDERSTANDINGS INDUCTIVE PROCESS

12 AKSIOLOGI – 3 ALIRAN PEMIKIRAN
BEBAS NILAI (VALUE-FREE) MUSTAHIL MEMISAHKAN NILAI DARIPADA PENILAI/PEMERHATI KERANA SUDAH TERTANAM DI DALAM DIRI SEMUA INSAN SARAT NILAI – NILAI TIDAK HARUS DIPISAHKAN DARIPADA PENILAI/PEMERHATI – PERLU DIAKTIFKAN DALAM PEMERHATIAN

13 HUBUNGAN ONTO, EPIST & AKSIO
REALIS KON.SOS NOMINALIS EPIST OBJEKTIVIS RELATIVIS SUBJEKTIVIS AKSIO BEBAS NILAI BERORIEN- TASI NILAI SARAT

14 PARADIGMA ONTO REALIS KON. SOS NOMIN. EPIST OBJ REL SUBJ AKSIO BEBAS
NILAI B’ORIENT SARAT PARADIGMA POSITIVISME PASCA POS. KRITIS INTERPRETIF