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Landasan Pengembangan & Implementasi E-Gov Prof. Kudang B. Seminar, PhD Direktur Direktorat Komunikasi dan Sistem Informasi (DKSI) Institut Pertanian Bogor
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Impian E-Gov Mempublikasikan informasi vital secara on- line Menyederhanakan dan mengotomasikan proses adminitrasi, manajerial dan transaksional bagi kepentingan masyarakat Membangun interaksi elektronik yang harmonis dengan masyarakat.
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Tujuan E-Gov? Penggunaan Teknologi Informasi (TI) dalam penerapan Sistem Informasi (SI) untuk mempromosikan pemerintahan yang lebih efektif dan efisien, memfasilitasi akses layanan informasi dan transaksi dengan akses yang luas dan adil, membentuk pemerintahan yang lebih akuntabel terhadap masyarakat, serta membentuk masyarakat yang berbasis informasi atau pengetahuan ( knowledge-based society).Teknologi Informasi (TI)Sistem Informasi (SI)
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Definisi Teknologi Informasi TI) Teknologi informasi (TI) adalah teknologi elektronik untuk akuisisi, pengolahan, penyimpanan, produksi dan distribusi informasi.. (Gunton, 1994) Teknologi Komputer Teknologi Telekomunikasi TI
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Performance Control System Data Info Process Data Store BRAINWARE DATAWARE HARDWAREHARDWARE SOFTWARESOFTWARE N E T W A R E Sistem Informasi
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Setiap enterprise (organisasi) memiliki bisnis proses spesifik yang selalu akan ditingkatkan kinerjanya untuk merespon tuntutan kepuasan stakeholders dan perkembangan teknologi Karakteristik Organisasi *** Organization that does not evaluate deserves to die ***
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Pemerintahan sebagai Enterprise Memiliki visi & misi Mengelola proses bisnis yang kompleks Melibatkan multi-agen (multi-organisasi, multi-kepentingan, multi-disiplin, multi- wilayah, multi-kultur & budaya, multi- sektor, dan multi-strata) dengan multi- interaksi Memiliki kustomer (masyarakat/citizens) Memiliki otonomi & sumberdaya Mempertahankan eksistensi (survival) dalam kompetisi global
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Struktur Organisasi Orang dan Kultur Strategi Manajemen Teknologi & Sistem Informasi Bisnis Proses Lingkungan Sosioteknologi
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Pemerintahan: Customer-Centric Services Government Customer : Citizens Interaction Linkages Prime Services
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Electronic Government (E-Gov): Customer-Centric Services Government Customer : Citizens Electronic Interaction Prime Services Use of IT Apply EDI: G2C, G2B, G2G
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Pilar Utama Layanan Pemerintah (1) pelayanan masyarakat (serving people). (2) penyejahteraan masyarakat (prospering people), (3) perlindungan masyarakat (protecting people), dan (4) pencerdasan masyakat (educating people).
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IT Utilization Low High ReengineeringRationalism CurrentConditionAutomation ( Computerization) High Pengembangan E-Gov: Rekayasa Ulang (Reengineering) Proses Bisnis Pemerintahan Business Process Reengineering (BPR )
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Arsitektur Fungsional e-Gov. SW: Software HW: Hardware NW: Netware DW: Dataware BW: Brainware
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Deskripsi fungsional bisnis pengantar layanan e-government (Accenture 2003).
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Disain Sistem Pemerintahan (Wiraatmaja 2006) PORTAL Web Server PC notebook PDA handphone Content Mana- Gement System Fungsi Internal SMS server Sistem Manajemen Layanan Database Layanan DBMS Layanan Kantor Penyedia Informasi & Layanan Kantor Pendukung FTP server E-mail server Sistem Manajemen Informasi DBMS Informasi DBMS Fungsi Internal Database Informasi Database Fungsi Internal Organisasi Pendukung Institusi Pendukung
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Pengembangan & Penerapan E-Gov Perubahan paradigma pemerintahan Identifikasi kebutuhan prioritas masyarakat Formulasi layanan publik Pengembangan infrastruktur Implementasi & regulasi Internalisasi
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Mehdi Sagheb-Tehrani (2011). A model of successful factors towards e-government implementation. Electronic Government, An International Journal, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2010
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Database Portal of Services Portal Array of Portals Portal Info/Database E-Gov Global Sites E-Gov : Menghubungkan Pemerintah dengan Masyarakat via Portal Internet
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E-government serves as a portal focused mainly on access to the public sector; these portals are aimed at citizens (G2C), businesses (G2B), other governments (G2G) and anyone else who are interested in the government and its services. E-gov serves as a portal Mehdi Sagheb-Tehrani (2011). A model of successful factors towards e-government implementation. Electronic Government, An International Journal, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2010
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Government to Citizens (G2C): 1 Free online tax filing 2 Job search 3 Social security 4 Personal documents (birth and marriage certificates, passport applications, driver license) 5 Immigration services 6 Health and related services 7 Government benefits 8 Student loans 9 Disaster help 10 Other useful information (for sales, weather forecast, recreation) Mehdi Sagheb-Tehrani (2011). A model of successful factors towards e-government implementation. Electronic Government, An International Journal, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2010
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Government to Business (G2B): 1 Comment on federal regulation 2 Corporation tax 3 Business opportunities 4 Registration of a new company 5 Business laws and regulations 6 Central contractor registration 7 Government auctions and sales 8 Employer ID number 9 Wage reporting 10 Subcontracting opportunities 11 Patents and trademarks filing 12 Export portal Mehdi Sagheb-Tehrani (2011). A model of successful factors towards e-government implementation. Electronic Government, An International Journal, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2010
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Government to Government (G2G): 1 Federal Pay Tables 2 Grants 3 Background Investigation Application 4 E-Training Initiative for Federal Workers 5 For Sale to Government Buyers 6 FirstGov Search for Federal Agencies 7 Per Diem Rates 8 Employee Directory 9 Federal Personnel-Payroll Changes
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SOURCE: Cap Gemini and Ernst & Young (2001) Mehdi Sagheb-Tehrani (2011). A model of successful factors towards e-government implementation. Electronic Government, An International Journal, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2010
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Mehdi Sagheb-Tehrani (2011). A model of successful factors towards e-government implementation. Electronic Government, An International Journal, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2010 Comparative view of various e-gov websites based upon some KEY CONCEPTS
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Impact of E-Gov Implementation A fully implemented e-government can break down bureaucratic barriers and move to a better service level, connection and protection that a government may want and need in every aspect of government’s activity. This provides an opportunity not merely to manage business but also to get wide access to what government is doing or intending to do, and how, and why. Citizens will have the chance to become stable players in the process of determining and making government task (McGinnis, 2003).
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Kesimpulan Perencanaan, pembangunan dan pengembagan TI dan SI harus memiliki tujuan yang jelas dan indikator keberhasilan yang terukur bagi individu maupun organisasi (enterprise), sehingga tidak boros, kontraproduktif, dan salah sasaran. Pelayanan masyarakat (kustomer) yang prima dengan berbagai dinamika kultur, budaya, perkembangan teknologi, dan tuntutan global menjadi peluang, tantangan, dan sekaligus target pendayagunaan TI dan SI di masa mendatang
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Kontemplasi Teknologi Informasi yang hadir didepan kita haruslah kita syukuri dengan lebih banyak mau berfikir kreatif untuk mendayagunakan TI dalam mewujudkan kinerja individu dan organisasi serta kemanfaatan universal sekaligus memusnahkan kemungkaran dan kebodohan.
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