MARKET STRUCTURE PPasar terdiri dari seluruh penjual dan pembeli aktual dan potensial dari suatu produk SStruktur Pasar : Lingkungan persaingan dimana.

Presentasi berjudul: "MARKET STRUCTURE PPasar terdiri dari seluruh penjual dan pembeli aktual dan potensial dari suatu produk SStruktur Pasar : Lingkungan persaingan dimana."— Transcript presentasi:

1 MARKET STRUCTURE PPasar terdiri dari seluruh penjual dan pembeli aktual dan potensial dari suatu produk SStruktur Pasar : Lingkungan persaingan dimana penjual dan pembeli beroperasi

2 Types Of Market Perfectcompetition Imperfect Competition Monopoly Monopolistic Competition Oligopoly Number of sellers ManyManyFewSingle Type Product HomogenousDifferentiatedHomogenousDifferentiated No close substitution (Unique) MobilityResourcesEasy Very Hard Knowledge About market condition Perfect knowledge Only Monopolist have knowledge

3 PERFECT COMPETITION Penentuan Harga Banyak penjual dan pembeli Setiap penjual / pembeli merupakan bagian kecil dari pasar sehingga tidak dapat mempengaruhi pasar (harga produk) Setiap firm = price taker

4 Market supply Market demand 1,0003,000 Price $10 8 6 4 2 0 Quantity MarketFirm Individual firm demand Market Demand Versus Individual Firm Demand Curve 102030 Price $10 8 6 4 2 0 Quantity

5 PERFECT COMPETITION Penentuan Harga QPTRARMR 2100200100XXX 4100400100100 6100600100100 8100800100100 P = MR = AR

6 Graphing TR P Q o $800 600 400 200 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 200 400 600 800 2 4 6 8 TRQSQS Quantity of Corn CORN

7 PERFECT COMPETITION SHORT RUN ANALYSIS MAXIMIZE PROFIT TERCAPAI BILA FIRM MEMPRODUKSI THE BEST LEVEL OF OUTPUT, YAITU KETIKA : MR = MC d Π = d (TR) - d (TC) = 0 dQ MR – MC = 0 MR = MC d (PQ)/dQ = P, maka MR = P = MC FIRST ORDER CONDITION FOR PROFIT MAXIMIZATION

8 P Q 45 ATC d =P = MR 4 MC ● E ● A 35 ● B ● C PERFECT COMPETITION SHORT RUN ANALYSIS SUPERNORMAL PROFIT THE BEST LEVEL OF OUTPUT 3 OPTIMUM OUTPUT AVC ● H SHUTDOWN POINT 15

9 PROFIT PROFIT (Π) = TR – TC –T–TR > TC ----------  Abnormal Profit/ Super normal profit –T–TR = TC----------  Normal Profit –T–TR < TC ---------  Loss

10 TCTR 0 Total cost, revenue $385 350 315 280 245 210 175 140 105 70 35 Quantity 123456789 Profit Determination Using Total Cost and Revenue Curves Maximum profit =$81 $130 Loss Profit Profit =$45 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved. 1011 Normal Profit

11 (a) Profit (b) Normal profit (c) Loss Determining Profits Graphically Quantity Price 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 123456789 12 1234567891012 D MC AP = MR B ATC AVC E Profit C MC ATC AVC MC ATC AVC Loss 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 123456789 12 P = MR Price © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 Irwin/McGraw-Hill

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