The Matching Concept and the Adjusting Process

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1 The Matching Concept and the Adjusting Process
Chapter 3 The Matching Concept and the Adjusting Process Accounting, 21st Edition Warren Reeve Fess Task Force Image Gallery clip art included in this electronic presentation is used with the permission of NVTech Inc. PowerPoint Presentation by Douglas Cloud Professor Emeritus of Accounting Pepperdine University

2 Some of the action has been automated, so click the mouse when you see this lightning bolt in the lower right-hand corner of the screen. You can point and click anywhere on the screen.

3 After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
Objectives 1. Explain how the matching concept relates to the accrual basis of accounting. 2. Explain why adjustments are necessary and list the characteristics of adjusting entries. 3. Journalize entries for accounts requiring adjustment. 4. Summarize the adjustment process and prepare an adjusted trial balance. 5. Use vertical analysis to compare financial statement items with each other and with industry averages. After studying this chapter, you should be able to:

4 The Matching Concept Revenue Expenses

5 Melaporkan Pendapatan dan Beban
DUA METODE Akuntansi Kas Basis Akuntansi Akrual basis

6 Dengan konsep kas basis pada periode akuntansi, pendapatan dan beban dilaporkan dalam laporan laba rugi dalam periode penerimaan atau pembayaran kas.

7 Dengan konsep akrual basis ada periode akuntansi, Pendapatan dilaporkan dalam laporan laba rugi dalam periode perolehannya.

8 Akuntansi Akrual Basis. Accounting
Pendapatan dilaporkan ketika diperoleh. Beban dilaporkan ketika terjadi. Dipertandingkan secara memadai pendapatan dan beban untuk menetukan laba bersih. Dibutuhkan jurnal penyesuaian pada akhir periode.

9 The matching concept mendukung pelaporan pendapatan dan beban yang berhubungan .
2004 2005 Membayar $10,000 untuk iklan produk yang akan di kenalkan tahun 2005. Paid $10,000 for an advertising campaign for a product that will be introduced in 2003. Menjual produk yang diiklankan. $10,000 beban ditahun 2005 untuk menandingkan pendapatan. $10,000 Dicatat sebagai aset.

10 Neraca saldo belum disesuiakan
NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Kas piutang Suplai Pendapatan diterima dimuka Tanah Peralatan Kantor Utang Dagang Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Modal, Chris Clark Prive, Chris Clark Pendapatan Jasa Beban gaji Rent Expense Beban Utilitas Beban Suplai Beban Lain-lain Neraca saldo belum disesuiakan

11 Assets NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Kas 2 065 00
piutang Suplai Pendapatan diterima dimuka Tanah Peralatan Kantor Utang Dagang Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Modal, Chris Clark Prive, Chris Clark Pendapatan Jasa Beban gaji Rent Expense Beban Utilitas Beban Suplai Beban Lain-lain Assets

12 Liabilities NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Kas 2 065 00
piutang Suplai Pendapatan diterima dimuka Tanah Peralatan Kantor Utang Dagang Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Modal, Chris Clark Prive, Chris Clark Pendapatan Jasa Beban gaji Rent Expense Beban Utilitas Beban Suplai Beban Lain-lain Liabilities

13 Owner’s Equity NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005
Kas piutang Suplai Pendapatan diterima dimuka Tanah Peralatan Kantor Utang Dagang Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Modal, Chris Clark Prive, Chris Clark Pendapatan Jasa Beban gaji Rent Expense Beban Utilitas Beban Suplai Beban Lain-lain Owner’s Equity

14 Revenue NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Kas 2 065 00
piutang Suplai Pendapatan diterima dimuka Tanah Peralatan Kantor Utang Dagang Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Modal, Chris Clark Prive, Chris Clark Pendapatan Jasa Beban gaji Rent Expense Beban Utilitas Beban Suplai Beban Lain-lain Revenue

15 Expenses NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Cash 2 065 00
Accounts Receivable Supplies Prepaid Insurance Land Office Equipment Accounts Payable Unearned Rent Chris Clark, Capital Chris Clark, Drawing Fees Earned Wages Expense Rent Expense Utilities Expense Supplies Expense Miscellaneous Expense Expenses

16 NetSolutions Chart of Accounts
Neraca Laporan Laba Rugi. 1. Aktiva 11 Kas 12 piutangg. 14 Perlengkapan. 15 Asuransi dibayar dimuka. 17 Tanah 18 Peralatan Kantor. 19 Akumulasi Depresiasi. Accumulated Depreciation 2. Utang 21 Utang Dagang 22 Utang Gaji 23 Pendapatan Sewa diterima dimuka 3. Modal 31 Modal, Chris Clark. 32 Prive, Chris Clark,. 4. Pendapatan 41 Pendapatan Jasa 42 Pendapatan Sewa 5. Beban 51 Beban gaji 52 Beban Sewa 53 Beban Depresiasi 54 Beban Utiilitas 55 Beban Perlengkapan 56 Beban Asuransi 59 Beban Lain-lain.

17 Beban Ditunda (Beban dibayar dimuka)

18 NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Kas piutangg Suplai Pendapatan diterima dimuka Tanah Peralatan Kantor Utang Dagang Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Modal, Chris Clark Prive, Chris Clark Pendapatan Jasa Beban gaji Rent Expense Beban Utilitas Beban Suplai Beban Lain-lain Sebagian suplai telah digunakan. Pada 31 December, Perhitungan menunjukan bahwa $760 suplai masih ditangan.

19 Suplai (saldo pada neraca saldo) $2,000
Suplai ditangan, 31 December – 760 Suplai digunakan $1,240 1 2 3 4 Dec. 31 2005 Beban suplai 55 Suplai 14 Suplai Beban Suplai 14 55 Bal. 2,000 Dec. 31 1,240 Bal. 800 760 Dec. 31 1,240 2,040

20 NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Kas piutang Suplai Pendapatan diterima dimuka Tanah Peralatan Kantor Utang Dagang Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Modal, Chris Clark Prive, Chris Clark Pendapatan Jasa Beban gaji Rent Expense Beban Utilitas Beban Suplai Beban Lain-lain Pembayaran dimuka untuk 24 bulan asuransi tidak menunjukan bahwa asuransi pada bulan Desember telah kadaluarsa..

21 Asuransi dibayar dimuka
4 5 6 7 31 Beban Asuransi 56 Asuransi dibayar dimuka 15 Asuransi dibayar dimuka Beban Asuransi 15 56 Bal ,400 Dec Dec 2,300 Note: You probably have the idea of how posting flows, so the rest of the slides will omit the arrows.

22 Effect of Omitting Adjustment

23 Pendapatan ditunda. (Pendapatan Diterima Dimuka)

24 NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Kas piutang Suplai Pendapatan diterima dimuka Tanah Peralatan Kantor Utang Dagang Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Modal, Chris Clark Prive, Chris Clark Pendapatan Jasa Beban gaji Rent Expense Beban Utilitas Beban Suplai Beban Lain-lain Sewa tiga bulan $360, diterima pada 1December. Pada 31 December, hanya $120 yang diperoleh.

25 Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka
7 8 9 10 31 Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka 23 Pendapatan Sewa 42 Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Pendapatan Sewa 23 42 Dec Bal. 360 Dec 240

26 Effect of Omitting Adjustment

27 Pengakuan Beban (pengakuan Utang)

28 NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 25 Kas piutang Suplai Pendapatan diterima dimuka Tanah Peralatan Kantor Utang Dagang Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Modal, Chris Clark Prive, Chris Clark Pendapatan Jasa Beban gaji Rent Expense Beban Utilitas Beban Suplai Beban Lain-lain Pada akhir Desember, beban diakui $250. Sebelumnya, Beban gaji understated dan tidak ada utang untuk gaji ini.

29 Wages Payable Wages Expense 10 11 12 13 31 Wages Expense 250 00 51
Utang gaji 22 Wages Payable Bal. 4,275 Wages Expense 22 51 Dec Dec

30 Effect of Omitting Adjustment

31 Pengakuan Pendapatan(Pengakuan Aktiva)

32 NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 29 Kas piutang Suplai Pendapatan diterima dimuka Tanah Peralatan Kantor Utang Dagang Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Modal, Chris Clark Prive, Chris Clark Pendapatan Jasa Beban gaji Rent Expense Beban Utilitas Beban Suplai Beban Lain-lain NetSolutions memberikan $500 jasa Desember kepada konsumen yang belum dilakukan penagihan.

33 piutangg Pendapatan Jasa Bal. 2,220 Bal. 16,340 Dec. 31 500
13 14 15 16 31 piutangg 12 Pendapatan Jasa 41 piutangg Pendapatan Jasa 12 41 Bal. 2,220 Bal. 16,340 Dec Dec 2,720 16,840

34 Effect of Omitting Adjustment

35 Aktiva Tetap

36 Tanah Tanah tidak memiliki batasan masa manfaat, sehingga tanah tidak perlu didepresiasi.

37 Bangunan Bangunan memiliki masa manfaat yang terbatas, sehingga harus didepresiasi. Akun kontra digunakan untuk penyesuaian adalah akun akumulasi depresiasi-Bangunan

38 Peralatan Peralatan memiliki masa manfaat yang terbatas, sehingga harus didepresiasi, dengan akun kontra Akumulasi Depresiasi-Peralatan.

39 Akumulasi Depresiasi-Peralatan
NetSolutions mengestimasi depresiasi pada peralatan kantornya. $50 untuk Desember. 16 17 18 19 Beban Depresiasi 31 53 Akumulasi Depresiasi-peralatan 50 00 19 Akumulasi Depresiasi-Peralatan Beban Depresiasi 19 53 Dec Dec

40 Neraca NetSolutions Menunjukan peralatan kantor pada harga perolehan dikurangi akumulasi depresiasi.
$1,750 Book value

41 Effect of Omitting Adjustment

42 Summary of Basic Adjustments

43 Neraca Saldo NetSolutions’ telah disesuaikan 31 December 2005

44 Adjusted Trial Balance
NetSolutions Adjusted Trial Balance December 31, 2005 41 Kas piutang Suplai Pendapatan diterima dimuka Tanah Peralatan Kantor Akumulasi Depresiasi Utang Dagang Utang Gaji Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Modal, Chris Clark Prive, Chris Clark Pendapatan Jasa Pendapatan Sewa Beban Gaji Beban Sewa Beban Utilitas Continued

45 NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 (Continued)
42 Beban Suplai Beban Asuransi Beban Lain-Lain

46 Vertical Analysis and Interpretation

47 Amount Percent Amount Percent Fees earned $187,500 $150,000
J. Holmes, Attorney-at-Law Income Statements For the Years Ended December 31, 2005 and 2006 Amount Percent Amount Percent Fees earned $187,500 $150,000 Operating expenses: Wages expense $60,000 $45,000 Rent expense 15, ,000 Utilities expense 12,500 9,000 Supplies expense 2,700 3,000 Miscellaneous exp , ,800 Total operating expenses $92,500 $70,800 Net income $95,000 $79,200

48 Amount Percent Amount Percent Fees earned $187, % $150, % Operating expenses: Wages expense $60,000 $45,000 Rent expense 15, ,000 Utilities expense 12,500 9,000 Supplies expense 2,700 3,000 Miscellaneous exp , ,800 Total operating expenses $92,500 $70,800 Net income $95,000 $79,200

49 Amount Percent Amount Percent Fees earned $187, % $150, % Operating expenses: Wages expense $60,000 $45,000 Rent expense 15, ,000 Utilities expense 12,500 9,000 Supplies expense 2,700 3,000 Miscellaneous exp , ,800 Total operating expenses $92,500 $70,800 Net income $95,000 $79,200 $60,000 $187,500 $15,000 $187,500 32.0% 38.0%

50 Amount Percent Amount Percent 6.7% 1.4% 1.2% 49.3% 50.7% Fees earned $187, % $150, % Operating expenses: Wages expense $60,000 $45, % Rent expense 15, , % Utilities expense 12,500 9, % Supplies expense 2,700 3, % Miscellaneous exp. 2, , % Total operating expenses $92,500 $70, % Net income $95,000 $79, % 32.0% 8.0%

51 Chapter 3 The End