Assalamu’alaikum wr.wb

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1 Assalamu’alaikum wr.wb
PHARMACOGNOSY Yeni Nurhayani, S.Si., Apt SMKN 7 Bandung , Kesehatan

2 Competency is a complex construct
Values and Knowledge attitudes Competency Behaviours Skills Kesehatan

3 Standard of Competence: Understanding of Pharmacognocy
Pharmacy at 1st Grade

4 Basic Competence Explain of base and part of herbs contain useful materials Systematic Classification of Herbs Manufacturing simplicia of herbs Identification simplicia and herbs Explain usefulness and useful materials of herbs Kesehatan

5 Pharmacognocy Kesehatan

6 are based of two words in greek language
Pharmacognocy are based of two words in greek language Pharmacon means drug or medicine Gnosis means sciences Kesehatan

7 Definition of pharmacognocy by Fluckiger
Pharmacognocy is knowledge from various sciences to find all aspects about drug or medicine Kesehatan

8 Definition of Drug or Medicine
Drug or medicine is a material or all materials for diagnose, prevent and cure a symptom and diseases, wound, physical disorder and psychological disorder or mentally disorder for human or animal and also for human body care Kesehatan

9 Definition of Traditional Medicine
Base on Permenkes RI No. 246/Menkes/Per/V/1990, Traditional Medicine are all useful materials from herbs, animal, mineral, galenical substance by traditional method based on experiences Kesehatan

10 Galenical Substance Herbs or animal extraction produce Galenical substance Kesehatan

11 Range of Pharmacognocy
Pharmacognocy is part of : Biopharmacy Biochemistry and Chemical’s synthesis It’s become a broad range, as same as definition of pharmacognocy by Fluckiger Kesehatan

12 Pharmacognocy consist of following aspects:
Macroscopic and Microscopic observation Identification, Isolation, Purification and drug or medicine’s synthesis Kesehatan

13 Definition of Simplicia
is a natural substance useful that no processing on it besides drying/evaporation Kesehatan

14 Simplicia’s Preparation:
Natural Substance Systematic and morphology of plants Herbs Animal Mineral Systematic and Identification Natural Substance of drug Collectionsi Drying Simple Preparation Lasting Storage Pharmacognocy Prepared Substance ( Simplicia ) Kesehatan

15 Nomenclature of Plant Latin’s Name of Plan Ex: Oryza sativa
Species: sativa Genus: Oryza 1.Nomenclature of plant consist of 2 words: Name of genus, and Name of species For example: Rice plant Oryza sativa Oryza sativa Name of genus Name of species 1st Letter of genus with Capital dan 1st Letter of genus with small Letter Kesehatan

16 Hibiscus rosa – sinensis
If latin name of plants come from 2 words and more (3 words), 2 from 3 words separated by mark (-) . For example : Strychnos nux - vomica Hibiscus rosa – sinensis Homonim: 1 latin name is used for 2 different plan Kesehatan

17 Complete scientific name of plan: Latin name
Abbreviation of name of botanist For example: Name of botanist: Abbreviation: Complete name of plan: Linnaeus L Oryza sativa L Miller Mill Foeniculum vulgare Mill Houttuyn Houtt Myristica fragrans Houtt Kesehatan

18 Nomenclature of Simplicia
Based on Indonesian Pharmacopeia those Name of Simplicia consist of genus’s name or species’s name of plant, than following by part of plant’s name Kesehatan

19 Part of Plant Cormus ( plant’s body) common be 3 part: radix (root)
caulis (stem), dan folium (leaf) Kesehatan

20 gema (bud),flos (flower),
Other parts of plant: gema (bud),flos (flower), fructus (fruit), semen (seed) pulpa (flesh fruit), tubera (tuber), rhizoma (rhizome), bulbus (onion), Cortex (bark of stem/fruit), lignum (wood) herba (herb/part of plant which growth top of ground) Kesehatan

21 The Example of Simplicia’s Name:
1.Genus + part of plant’s name: Cinchonae Cortex, Digitalis Folium, Thymi Herba, Zingiberis Rhizoma 2.Species + part of plant’s name: Belladonnae Herba, Serphylli Herba, Ipecacuanhae Radix, Stramonii Herba 3.Genus + species + part of plant’s name: Curcumae aeruginosae Rhizoma, Capsici frutescentis Fructus Kesehatan

22 Latin’s Spelling We have known that Alphabetical Latin and Alphabet in Indonesian language are same letter but it can be divided into writing and spelling Kesehatan

23 Latin’s SpellingLatin’s Spelling
In the following table are some examples of spelling letter or word of Latin: Letter/ letters Read Example Spelling ae e Galangae ga-la-nge Lobeliae lo-be-li-e c k jika diikuti huruf a, o, u atau huruf mati Cacao ka-ka-o Cola ko-la Curcuma kur-ku-ma Fructus Fruk -tus s jika diikuti huruf e, i, y Cera Se-ra Citri Sit-tri Glycyrrhiza Gli-si-ri-sa Kesehatan

24 kk jika diikuti huruf a , o, u Succus Suk-kus
ks jika diikuti huruf Coccinella Kok-si-ne-la e, i, y ch kh jika diikuti huruf Cinchona Sin-ko-na hidup h jika diikuti huruf mati Strychni Strih-ni eae e Dioscoreae Di-es-ko-re Kesehatan

25 eu e + u Oleum O-le-um Cetaceum Se-ta-se-um ff f Paraffinum
Pa-ra-fi-num ie i..+ ye Iecoris Iye-ko-ris ii i + i Aurantii Au-ran-ti-i j y Cajuputi Ka-yu-pu-ti Kesehatan

26 ll l Vanilla Va-ni-la mm m Gummi Gu-mi Ichtammolum Ih-ta-mo-lum nh n
Ipecacuanhae I-pe-ka-ku-ane oe eu Foeniculi Feu-ni-ku-li Asafoetida A-sa-feu-ti-da nn Belladonna Be-la-do-na Sennae Se-ne Kesehatan

27 ph f Orthosiphon Or-to-si-fon pp p hippoglossi hi-po-glo-si qu kw
quercus kwer-kus rh r rhei rhizoma re-i ri-zo-ma rr myrrha mi-ra Kesehatan

28 sh sy shorea syo-re purshiana pur-si-a-na ss s Cassia ka-si-a th t
Mentha men-ta tiae sie Liquiritiae li-kwi-ri-sie Kesehatan

29 ks jika tertera pada tengah / akhir kata Pix p iks radix ra-diks
cortex kor-teks bixa bik-sa s jika pada permulaan kata xanthorrhiza san-to-ri-za y i jika didahului dan / atau diikuti oleh huruf mati hydrastis hi-dras-tis maydis ma-i-dis y jika diapit oleh 2 huruf hidup papaya pa-pa-ya Kesehatan

30 Identification of Herbs and Simplicia
Name of Simplicia: Abri Folium Indonesian Name : Daun Saga Name of Plant : Abrus precatorius L. Familia : Papilionaceae Useful material : Glisirisin more than % Utility : Antisariawan Abrus precatorius L Kesehatan

31 Microscopic of Abri Folium
Longitudinal section of pinnate leaf: Upper Epidermis Palisade Tissue Sponge Tissue Transport Bundle Under Epidermis Lid hair Calcium Oscillate with Prismatic Crystal Literature: Materia Medika Indonesia Kesehatan

32 Microscopic of Abri Folium Powder
Serbuk Daun Saga: Lid hair Upper Epidermis Spiral Wood Artery Palisade Under Epidermis Calcium Oscillate Literature: Materia Medika Indonesia Kesehatan

33 Name of Simplicia: Alyxiae Cortex
Nama Indonesia : Kulit pulasari Name of Plane : Alyxia reinwardtii Bl. Familia : Apocynaceae Useful material : Kumarin, volatile oil, sour organic Utility : Antipyretic Kesehatan

34 Microscopic of Alyxiae Cortex
Longitudinal section of liana leaf: Cork Tissue Felogen Outside Cortex Tissue Cortex Parenchyma Stone Cell Sap Artery Phloem Tissue Cyperus Microiria Calcium Oscillate Crystal Literature: Materia Medika Indonesia Kesehatan

35 Microscopic of Alyxiae Cortex Powder
Powder of Liana Corrtex: Cortex Parenchyma with Stone Cell Cork Tissue Calcium Oxalate with Prismatic Crystal Stone Cell Literature: Materia Medika Indonesia Kesehatan

36 Name of simplicia: Baeckeae Folium
Indonesian Name : Daun jungrahab Name of Plant : Baeckea frutescens L. Familia : Myrtaceae Useful Material : Volatile Oil Utility : Diuretic Kesehatan

37 Microscopic of Baeckeae Folium
Literature: Materia Medika Indonesia Kesehatan

38 Microscopic of Baeckeae Folium Powder
Literature: Materia Medika Indonesia Kesehatan

39 Boesenbergiae Rhizoma
Name of simplicia: Boesenbergiae Rhizoma Indonesian Name : Rimpang temukunci Name of Plant : Boesenbergia pandurata (Roxb.) Schlecht. Familia : Zingiberaceae Useful Materials : Volatile Oil 0,06% ,32%, resin, starch Khasiat : Antidiarhea Kesehatan

40 Microscopic Boesenbergia Rhizoma
Literature: Materia Medika Indonesia Kesehatan

41 Microscopic Boesenbergia Rhizoma Powder
Literature: Materia Medika Indonesia Kesehatan

42 Name of Simplicia: Sappan Lignum
Indonesian Name : Kayu Secang Name of Plant : Caesalpinia sappan L. Familia : Caesalpiniaceae Useful Material : Pigmen, tanin, galat sour, brasilin Utility : Antidiarhea Kesehatan

43 Microscopic Sappan Lignum
Literature: Materia Medika Indonesia Kesehatan

44 Microscopic Sappan Lignum Powder
Sumber: Materia Medika Indonesia Kesehatan

45 Booklist Endang Diyah Ikasari, 2008, Farmasi , Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, Jakarta Sekber SMF, 2008, Farmakognosi Kelas X, Pusdiknakes, Departemen Kesehatan, Jakarta Dikdik Gunawan&Sri Mulyani, 2004, Ilmu Obat Alam (Farmakognosi), Jilid I, Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta Departemen Kesehatan, Materia Medika Indonesia, Jakarta Kesehatan

46 Thanks Kesehatan