Chapter 13 Membangun Sistem (Building Systems)

Management Information Systems Chapter 13 Building Systems LEARNING OBJECTIVES Menunjukkan bagaimana membangun sistem baru menghasilkan perubahan organisasi. Mengidentifikasi dan menggambarkan kegiatan inti dalam proses pengembangan sistem. Mengevaluasi metode alternatif untuk membangun sistem informasi. Bandingkan metodologi alternatif untuk sistem pemodelan. Mengidentifikasi dan menggambarkan pendekatan baru untuk Pembangunan sistem di era perusahaan digital.

Demonstrates IT’s role in updating traditional business processes. Management Information Systems Chapter 13 Building Systems A New Ordering System for Girl Scout Cookies Problem: Inefficient manual procedures, high error rate. Solutions: Eliminate manual procedures, design new ordering process, and implement database building software to batch and track orders automatically and schedule order pickups. QuickBase for Corporate Workgroups software service increased efficiency and reduced errors. Demonstrates IT’s role in updating traditional business processes. Illustrates digital technology as the focus of designing and building new information systems.

Langkah-langkah dalam rekayasa ulang yang efektif Management Information Systems Chapter 13 Building Systems Systems as Planned Organizational Change Pengembangan sistem dan perubahan organisasi Rekayasa ulang proses bisnis Langkah-langkah dalam rekayasa ulang yang efektif Perbaikan proses: manajemen proses bisnis, manajemen kualitas total, dan six sigma Manajemen proses bisnis (Business process management –BPM) Manajemen kualitas total (Total quality management -TQM) six sigma Bagaimana sistem informasi mendukung peningkatan kualitas

Perubahan organisasi Membawa Risiko dan Imbalan Management Information Systems Chapter 13 Building Systems Systems as Planned Organizational Change Perubahan organisasi Membawa Risiko dan Imbalan The most common forms of organizational change are automation and rationalization. These relatively slow-moving and slow-changing strategies present modest returns but little risk. Faster and more comprehensive change—such as reengineering and paradigm shifts—carries high rewards but offers substantial chances of failure. Figure 13-1

Business Process Redesign at the Small Business Administration Management Information Systems Chapter 13 Building Systems Systems as Planned Organizational Change Business Process Redesign at the Small Business Administration Read the Interactive Session: Organizations, and then discuss the following questions: What was wrong with the existing computer system (ALCS) and why did SBA decide to replace it? What was the purpose of re-organizing the ODA and centralizing IT in a single office, and centralizing other functions like the call center in a single office? In what other ways could the agency use information systems to improve the process of loan application, approval, and maintenance?

Menetapkan persyaratan informasi Sistem desain Peran pengguna akhir Management Information Systems Chapter 13 Building Systems Overview of Systems Development Analisis sistem Menetapkan persyaratan informasi Sistem desain Peran pengguna akhir Menyelesaikan proses pengembangan sistem Pemrograman Pengujian Konversi Produksi dan Pemeliharaan

The Systems Development Process Management Information Systems Chapter 13 Building Systems Overview of Systems Development The Systems Development Process Building a system can be broken down into six core activities. Figure 13-3

Management Information Systems Chapter 13 Building Systems Overview of Systems Development Modeling and designing systems: Structured and object-oriented methodologies Structured methodologies Object-oriented development Computer-aided software engineering

High-Level Structure Chart for a Payroll System Management Information Systems Chapter 13 Building Systems Overview of Systems Development High-Level Structure Chart for a Payroll System This structure chart shows the highest or most abstract level of design for a payroll system, providing an overview of the entire system. Figure 13-6

Class and Inheritance Management Information Systems Figure 13-7 Chapter 13 Building Systems Overview of Systems Development Class and Inheritance This figure illustrates how classes inherit the common features of their superclass. Figure 13-7

Traditional systems life cycle Prototyping Management Information Systems Chapter 13 Building Systems Alternative Systems-Building Approaches Traditional systems life cycle Prototyping Steps in prototyping Advantages and disadvantages of prototyping End-user development Application software packages and outsourcing

Rapid application development (RAD) Management Information Systems Chapter 13 Building Systems Application Development for the Digital Firm Rapid application development (RAD) Component-based development and Web services Web services and service-oriented computing

How to Get Outsourcing Right: Avoid Getting It Wrong Management Information Systems Chapter 13 Building Systems Application Development for the Digital Firm How to Get Outsourcing Right: Avoid Getting It Wrong Read the Interactive Session: Management, and then discuss the following questions: What is the basis for vendor firms claiming they can provide IT services more economically than a firm’s own IT staff? Why is it difficult to write iron-clad legal contracts specifying in detail strategic alliance outsourcing relationships? Why do joint ventures and co-sourcing outsourcing relationships have a better chance of success?