The research problem: What is a research problem Research questions

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The research problem: What is a research problem Research questions Characteristics of good research questions

What is a research problem A problem that someone would like to research A problem can be anything that a person finds unsatisfactory or unsettling, a difficulty of some sort, a state of affairs that needs to e changed. Problems involves areas of concern to researchers as educators, conditions they want to improve, difficulties they want to eliminate, questions for which they seek answers.

When the problem arises? When there is a gap between reality and expectation Suatu permasalahan muncul jika ada kesenjangan antara dassolen (harapan) dan dassein (kenyataan); ada sesuatu yang unik misalnya pemikiran tokoh tertentu yang memiliki keunikan (uniqueness); ada kebijakan yang memiliki indikator yang merugikan (dampak suatu kebijakan); dan ada sebuah teori yang tidak bisa lagi dipertahankan sehingga teori tersebut perlu dibatalkan.

Perlu pula diuraikan secara jelas tentang kedudukan masalah yang hendak diteliti itu di dalam wilayah bidang studi yang ditekuni oleh peneliti itu. Untuk mampu merumuskan latar belakang masalah secara runtut, jelas dan tajam, maka mahasiswa dituntut untuk mampu membaca dan memaknakan gejala-gejala yang muncul dalam masyarakat.

Untuk itu pengetahuan mahasiswa yang luas dan terpadu mengenai teori-teori dan hasil-hasil penelitian terdahulu yang terkait merupakan syarat mutlak. Ini merupakan alasan lain mengapa penelahaahan terhadap jurnal-jurnal hasil penelitian terdahulu yang terkait harus sejak awal dilakukan

Class discussion Please state research problem?

Research questions Usually a research problem is initially posed as a question, which serves as the focus of the researcher’s investigation. Example: Do teachers behave differently toward students of different genders? How do parents feel about school counseling program? (survey research)

Characteristics of good research questions 1. The question is feasible (it can be investigated without an undue amount of time, energy, or money) 2. The question is clear 3. The question is significant (it is worth investigating because it will contribute important knowledge about the human condition) 4. The question is ethical (it will not involve physical or psychological harm or damage to human beings).

Ethics and research Dalam penulisan tesis/disertasi, mahasiswa harus menghindari praktik penjiplakan atau plagiarisme dengan cara mencantumkan sumber-sumber rujukan yang dikutipnya. Hal ini terkait dengan integritas dan kejujuran akademik (academic honesty) seorang peneliti. Seseorang yang melakukan praktik plagiarisme pada dasarnya bersikap tidak jujur, baik kepada dirinya sendiri maupun kepada orang lain.

Penjiplakan atau plagiarisme dapat diartikan sebagai tindakan mengambil atau menjadikan (ide-ide atau kata-kata orang lain) menjadi milik sendiri; menggunakan (sesuatu yang sudah jadi) tanpa menyebutkan sumbernya; melakukan pencurian literal; menghadirkan ide atau produk baru dan asli yang diambil dari sumber sebelumnya yang telah ada. Plagiarisme juga dapat diartikan tindakan mengambil ide, pendapat atau karangan orang lain dengan tidak mencantumkan sumbernya secara sengaja dan menjadikannya seolah-olah ide, pendapat atau karangan sendiri