Universal Declaration of Human Right (UDHR)

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Universal Declaration of Human Right (UDHR)

What is UDHR? Formulation of Human Rights (HAM) which considered legal and standards used today is a product issued by agencies of the United Nations - United Nations (UN). Human Rights declared by the highest institution of the world on December 10, 1948 it was known as “The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)” and consists of 30 chapters

Article 18, Freedom of choose and change religion.... “Setiap orang berhak untuk bebas berfikir, bertobat, dan beragama; hak ini meliputi kebebasan berganti agama atau kepercayaannya dan kebebasan untuk menyatakan agama atau kepercayaannya dalam bentuk beribadat dan menepatinya, baik sendiri maupun dilakukan bersama – sama dengan orang lain bai ditempat umum maupun tersendiri.”

لا إِكْرَاهَ فِي الدِّينِ قَدْ تَبَيَّنَ الرُّشْدُ مِنَ الْغَيِّ فَمَنْ يَكْفُرْ بِالطَّاغُوتِ وَيُؤْمِنْ بِاللَّهِ فَقَدِ اسْتَمْسَكَ بِالْعُرْوَةِ الْوُثْقَى لا انْفِصَامَ لَهَا وَاللَّهُ .سَمِيعٌ عَلِيم “Tidak ada paksaan untuk memasuki agama (Islam); sesungguhnya telah jelas jalan yang benar dari pada jalan yang salah. Karena itu barang siapa yang ingkar kepada thaghut dan beriman kepada Allah, maka sesungguhnya ia telah berpegang kepada buhul tali yang amat kuat yang tidak akan putus. Dan Allah Maha Mendengar lagi Maha Mengetahui” (Q.S Al Baqarah :256)

وَمَنْ يَرْتَدِدْ مِنْكُمْ عَنْ دِينِهِ فَيَمُتْ وَهُوَ كَافِرٌ فَأُولَٰئِكَ حَبِطَتْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ ۖ وَأُولَٰئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ ۖ هُمْ فِيهَا .خَالِدُونَ “Barangsiapa yang murtad di antara kamu dari agamanya, lalu dia mati dalam kekafiran, maka mereka itulah yang sia-sia amalannya di dunia dan di akhirat, dan mereka itulah penghuni neraka, mereka kekal di dalamnya.” (QS Al Baqarah : 217)

Article 21, Participate in Politics and Government. “Setiap orang berhak untuk ikut ambil bagian di dalam pemerintah negerinya, secara langsung atau melalui perwakilan yang dipilihnya secara bebas”. “Setiap orang mempunyai hak dan kesempatan yang sama untuk menjabat jabatan pemerintahan negaranya”. “Kehendak rakyat harus menjadi dasar kekuasaan pemerintah; kehendak tersebut harus dinyatakan dalam pemilihan umum yang diselenggarakan secara periodik dan jujur yang harus dilakukan secara umum dan sederajat, dan dilakukan pula dengan jalan rahasia atau dengan jalan menjamin kebebasan memberikan suara”

وَالَّذِينَ اسْتَجَابُوا لِرَبِّهِمْ وَأَقَامُوا الصَّلاةَ وَأَمْرُهُمْ شُورَى بَيْنَهُمْ .وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ يُنْفِقُونَ “Dan bagi orang yang menerima (mematuhi) seruan Tuhannya dan mendirikan shalat, sedangkan urusan mereka (diputuskan) dengan musyawarah antara mereka.” (Q.S Asy Syuura : 38)

Whereas in Islam, the right to be a leader must be balanced with the ability (capability) and reliability (credibility) as physical ability and knowledge. Abilites is also reflected in the requirement which a person be appointed as Imam prayers, which include: Fluency tongue (reciter), understanding the Qur'an and the Sunnah of the Prophet, in the age of maturity. This implies also that although in principle every person entitled to be appointed as the leader, but the most entitled of course already qualified - requirements that have been defined. Simultaneously it shows appreciation for the professionalism and expertise of a person for certain positions. Q.S Al Baqarah :247 Ahmad Kosasih, 53

Excessive democracy can even give birth to tyranny of the majority or the likelihood of a liberal democracy. In this case the chances of a strong majority or to act as he pleases and oppress the weak is very high. It is evident that many decisions in Indonesia, which is a foreign order or they which strong, for example in the case of the privatization of the company in the country and also the Kontrak Karya.

Article 23, Right to work and get profit/benefit. 1. Setiap orang berhak memperoleh pekerjaan, bebas memilih pekerjaan, syarat – syarat yang adil dan menyenangkan dari suatu lingkungan, dan mendapat perlindungan terhadap pengangguran.

مَنْ عَمِلَ صَالِحًا مِنْ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَىٰ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَلَنُحْيِيَنَّهُ حَيَاةً طَيِّبَةً ۖ وَلَنَجْزِيَنَّهُمْ أَجْرَهُمْ بِأَحْسَنِ مَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ “ Barang siapa yang mengerjakan amal saleh, baik laki – laki maupun perempuan dalam keadaan beriman, maka sesungguhnya akan Kami berkian kepadanya kehidupan yang baik dan sesungguhnya akan kami berikan kepada mereka ganjaran dengan pahala yang lebih baik dari apa yang mereka kerjakan” (Q.S An Nahl : 97) .

اَلأَصْلُ فِى اْلأَشْيَاءِ اْلإِ بَا حَة حَتَّى يَدُ لَّ اْلدَّلِيْلُ عَلَى التَّحْرِيْمِ Basically, Everything was Allowed, except there is Law which prohibits it. Examples : stealing, corruption, extortion, usury, ihtikar .

Islam has regulated about Human Right, while Human Right on Islam is not only showed to the other people, but we have responsible to Allah. So, if Human Right, nowadays, are not suitable with Syariah. My suggestion : just reject it 