HUMAN LEARNING, LEARNING AND TRAINING A PAPER PEREPARED TO FULFILL THE REQUIREMENT OF THE TASK OF SEMINAR ON TEFL ENGLISH EDUCATION PROGRAM SEMESTER 5 PREPARED BY: R. DITA SARASSATY (0846007) CANDRA PERTIWI (0844867) MISBAKHUDIN (0845747) ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT STATE ISLAMIC COLLAGE OF JURAI SIWO METRO YEAR 2010/ 2011

HUMAN LEARNING AND LEARNING Mastering or acquiring knowledge about subject or skill by learning experiences, instruction, or relatively permanent change of behavior that driven by reward and prevented by punishment. Human learning may occurs as part of eduacation, personal development or training Learning is aproached as an outcome – the end product of some process (Learning as a product).1 1. Smith, M. K. (1999) 'Learning theory', the encyclopedia of informal education, www.infed.org/biblio/b-learn.htm, Last update: September 03 2009.

Learning and Training Determining entry behavior Formulating the object of activity Designing some training methods Procedure of evaluation

PAVLOV (CLASSICAL BEHAVIORISM) Psychologist Views PAVLOV (CLASSICAL BEHAVIORISM) Stimulus and Reflective response Unconditioned response Conditioned response In his researched, Pavlov trained a dog to dripping it saliva following the sound of bell. Then he called the response of the dog as unconditioned response. Then, in his researched he used the smell of meat, untill the dog got the conditioned response.

SKINNER Behavior of Organism Operant Conditioning, it triesto explain a part of human learning and human behavior. Operant is the classes of response, (crying, playing foot ball, kicking something are transmitted response). Responden, adalah seperangkat respon yang dipancing oleh stimulus yang dikenali. Someone behavior can be operant or responden. Reward and punishment.

AUSUBEL SUBSUMPTION THEORY Pembalajaran Hafalan VS Pembalajaran Bermakna (Penambatan) Pembelajaran Hafalan, mengingat item-item tanpa menghubungkan dengan sistem atau data kognitif yang ada. (Ex. Phone number) Pembelajaran bermakna, mempelajari sesuatu yang baru dengan menggabungkannya dan memasukkannya dalam sistem yang konstektual dari dan kedalam pengetahuan yang sudah ada. (home address) Pembelajaran bermakna, apa bila pengetahuan yang baru dapat di hubungkan dengan pengetahuan yang sudah ada oleh pembelajar. Lupa sistematis. Bahwa lupa itu bukanlah sebuah kebetulan namun sebuah hal yang sistematis dan terencana.

Psikologi Humanistic Rogers Client-centered Therapy Students have full participation in learning process The most important is learn how to learn Enableness of students All activities and learning materials in the class must use subsumption context, and all students involved in the process of learning and finding solution in learning problem.

Transfer, interfensi dan generalisasi berlebihan Transfer, adalah pengalihan peforma atau pengetahuan sebelumnya kedalam pembelajaran berikutnya. Transfer positif, apa bila pengetahuan yang sebelumnya menunjang kegiatan pembelajaran (diterapkan dengan tepat pada pembelajaran selanjutnya). Transfer negatif, apa bila pengetahuan sebelumnya mengganggu pembelajaran selanjutnya (tidak diterapkan dengan tepat pada pembelajaran selanjutnya). Interfensi, pengetahuan yang terdahulu mencampuri materi-materi berikutnya, namun item yang terdahulu di kaitkan dan dialihkan secara tidak tepat pada item yang hendak di pelajari. Generalisasi berlebihan, penerapan tidak tepat (transfer negatif) materi bahasa kedua yang dipelajari sebelumnya dengan materi yang dipelajari saat ini. Interfensi dan generalisasi berlebihan merupakan transfer negatif.

INTELLIGENCE AND LANGUAGE LEARNING Intelligence is the ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills. Intelligence has strong effect in language learning. Intelligence related to someone acquiring knowledge ability, memorizing ability, and learning ability.