PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DALAM BISNIS

DAFTAR REFERENSI Wether, William B, and Davis, Keith, Human Resources and Personnel Management, 5th edition. Ivancevich, John M, Human Resource Management, 9th edition. Mangkunegara, Anwar Prabu, AA, Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Perusahaan, PT. Remaja Rosdakarya, Bandung, 2000 Ulrich, Dave and Wayne Brockbank, The HR Value Propotion, 2005

“…assets make things possible, people make things happen…” (Union Carbide)

OUTPUT Produktifitas = INPUT Men, Barang/ Jasa Money, Methods Materials, Machines

People are an organisation’s most important assets. The tasks of a manager are essentially people-oriented. Unless there is some understanding of people, management will be unsuccessful. Poor people management is an important contributor to Organization failure.

Management…. must have the support of all employees Management….must have the support of all employees. I can not think of anything more important (Robert Crandall)

Keberhasilan organisasi, dinilai dari kemampuannya memadukan penggunaan sumber-sumber daya yang dimiliki, secara efektif dan efisien dalam pelaksanaan strateginya. Meskipun demikian titik sentral pada setiap strategi dan setiap metode pemanfaatan sumber-sumber daya, adalah sumber daya manusia yang merupakan perangkat (device) dan sekaligus pelaksana dari strategi organisasi.

Kemampuan organisasi dalam mendapatkan, memelihara -meningkatkan kemampuan, serta mempertahankan SDM-nya, menjadi penentu keberhasilan atau kegagalan organisasi.

The Nature of Human Resources Management (HRM) All activities involved in determining an organization’s human resource needs, as well as acquiring, training, and compensating people to fill those needs

Terms of HRM The terms "human resource management" and "human resources" (HR) have largely replaced the term "personnel management" as a description of the processes involved in managing people in organizations.[1] In simple sense,Human Resource Management(HRM) means employing people,developing their resources, utilizing maintaining and compensating their services in tune with the job and organizational requirement.

HRM Human Resource Management (HRM) is the function within an organization that focuses on recruitment of, management of, and providing direction for the people who work in the organization. Human Resource Management can also be performed by line managers. Human Resource Management is the organizational function that deals with issues related to people such as compensation, hiring, performance management, organization development, safety, wellness, benefits, employee motivation, communication, administration, and training.

MSDM, adalah suatu ilmu atau cara bagaimana mengatur sumber daya yang dimiliki oleh individu dapat digunakan secara maksimal sehingga tujuan (goal) menjadi maksimal. MSDM didasari pada suatu konsep bahwa setiap karyawan adalah manusia - bukan mesin - dan bukan semata menjadi sumber daya bisnis. (Wikipedia)

MSDM Manajemen sumber daya manusia adalah suatu proses menangani berbagai masalah pada ruang lingkup karyawan, pegawai, buruh, manajer dan tenaga kerja lainnya untuk dapat menunjang aktifitas organisasi atau perusahaan demi mencapai tujuan yang telah ditentukan.

“The purpose of Human Resources Management is to improve the productive contribution of people to the organization in ways that are strategically, ethically, and socially responsible”

Peran, fungsi, Tugas & Tanggung Jawab MSDM Melakukan persiapan dan seleksi tenaga kerja / Preparation and selection Pengembangan dan evaluasi karyawan / Development and evaluation Memberikan kompensasi dan proteksi pada pegawai / Compensation and protection

FUNGSI MANAJEMEN SDM (HRM) PERENCANAAN SDM (HR PLANNING) REKRUTASI DAN SELEKSI EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION EMPLOYEE EVALUATION EMPLOYEE EDUCATION, TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT PROVISION OF EMPLOYEE SERVICES HUBUNGAN INDUSTRIAL

Planning for Human Resources Needs Typical HR Issues: How many employees? What skills are needed to satisfy plans? Availability of people in the workforce? What qualifications must employees have? Cost of staffing?

HRD HRIS HRM Societal objectives: Organizational objectives: Benefits Legal compliance Union Organizational objectives: HR planning Employee relations Selection T & D Appraisal Placement Assessment Functional objectives: Personal objectives: Compensation HRD HR research Information system Development Training Organization development Labor relation Union HRIS Career Development HR result Productivity Quality Innovation Fulfillment Readiness for change Employee assistance Job design Compensation benefit planning HR Selection staffing Performance management system HRM

(Strategi pemasaran, Strategi operasi, Strategi SDM, etc) BUSINESS ENTITY Strategi Bisnis Strategi Fungsional (Strategi pemasaran, Strategi operasi, Strategi SDM, etc)

Business Goals Business Strategy Apakah aktifitas-aktifitas pengelolaan SDM yang dilakukan telah menunjang pelaksanaan strategi perusahaan ? HR Goals HR Strategy HR Activities

Strategi SDM 2 PERTANYAAN KRITIS SDM yang seperti apa yang diperlukan dalam pengelolaan usaha, sehingga selaras dan sesuai dengan tujuan strategis usaha Strategi SDM Program dan inisiatif SDM apa yang harus dirancang dan diimplementasikan agar dapat mempengaruhi, mengembangkan serta tetap menjaga efektifitas kemampuan bersaing pegawai (SDM)

TUJUAN MANAJEMEN SDM (HRM) PERAN UNIT KERJA PENGELOLA SDM (HRD) Meningkatkan kontribusi produktif pegawai kepada perusahaan, dengan cara-cara yang dapat dipertanggung jawabkan secara strategik, etika maupun sosial PERAN UNIT KERJA PENGELOLA SDM (HRD) Unit Kerja Pengelola SDM bertanggung jawab untuk menciptakan iklim kerja yang produktif dengan mengupayakan peningkatan kualitas ‘work life’ organisasi melalui aktifitas-aktifitas dan saran-sarannya kepada unit-unit kerja lainnya

Better Organizations TUNTUTAN DLM HRM Persaingan global Pertumbuhan penduduk Pengangguran Better Organizations Keragaman Tenaga kerja Tanggung jawab sosial Pengobatan, Makan, Perumahan Etika Belum terdiskripsikan

HRM Model & Subsystem Objectives Professional (Employees) Feedback Societal Organizational Functional Personal Compensation and Protection Development and Evaluation Employee Relation and Assessment Preparation and Selection Frameworks and Challenges Professional (Employees) Feedback Challenges

Frameworks and Challenges Challenges in dealing with people External: Environment Changing demands of workers International & Domestic Competitors Pressure groups Professional ethics Goverment Internal: Competition between managers & other departments Legal requirement for EEO Etc

Preparation and Selection Human Resources Information System Analize and estimate the organization’s future HR needs Preparing Job design Preparing Job Specification & Job Description Preparing Rekruitment & Selection

Development and Evaluation Determine the needs for orientation, training, development & career counseling Evaluate employees (performance appraisals conducted periodically) Feedback that help manager & departements spot strengths & weaknesses

Compensation and Protection Provide employees with a fair wages or salary relative to their productive contribution Provide a safe work environtment, also health & safety programmes.

Employee Relation and Assessment Provide effective programs to accommodate the employee’s needs HR Departement responsible for dealing with the union Regularly conduct audits of employees performance

Simplifikasi I/O Sistem M-SDM Feedback Inputs Transformation Process Outputs HR challenges - Education - Skills HRM activities - Recruiting - Selection - Others HR contributions Capable workers Motivated workers

Possible HR Areas for Core Competencies Kapabilitas (unik) dari sebuah organisasi, yang memberikan nilai (corporate value) tinggi serta membedakan dari pesaingnya.

International Challenges Challenges of workforce diversity Troubleshooting Cultural awareness Ethics & Laws for planning and staffing organizations overseas Political Risk

What is Equal Employment Opportunity (EE0)? Memberikan kesempatan yang sama untuk semua orang, untuk mengetahui, melamar dan bersaing dalam mendapatkan pekerjaan dan berkarir. EEO diberlakukan dalam semua aspek Manajemen SDM, a.l: Recruitment Hiring Tenure Compensation Committee Assignments Layoffs, etc.

Why is EEO needed? Women earn approximately 77 cents for every dollar men earn; African American men with professional degrees earn only 79 percent of what white males earn; Audit studies, where white and minority job seekers were given the same resumes and sent to the same firms to apply for jobs, found that employers are less likely to interview/offer a job to the minority; A 1995 study of university faculty hiring practices found that once a minority goal was met, departments stopped seeking minority applicants.

What EEO Program is Not: It is not preferential treatment or quotas (the U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that quotas are illegal); It does not mean that unqualified persons should be hired or promoted over other people.