Aspek Sosial & Organisasi Restyandito, S.Kom, MSIS.

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Transcript presentasi:

Aspek Sosial & Organisasi Restyandito, S.Kom, MSIS

Latar Belakang BALANCE MODEL  Semua elemen berinteraksi. Perubahan di salah satu elemen akan berpengaruh terhadap elemen lainnya.  Jika elemen2 tersebut tidak harmonis, dapat menyebabkan “misfit” yang dapat mempengaruhi masalah keselamatan, produktivitas, efisiensi dan kualitas.

Latar Belakang Contoh Misfit:  Pekerja memiliki ketrampilan/pengetahuan yang kurang  Karyawan tidak setuju dengan kebijakan yang diambil oleh management  Teknologi yang digunakan tidak cocok dengan pekerja/pekerjaan(task)/organisasi  Faktor eksternal yang mempengaruhi pekerjaan

Latar Belakang HUMAN FACTOR ENGINEERING  Micro-level  Physical design of tools, human-computer interface, physical environment  Macro-level  Organizational design, job design, change management

Apa itu Macroergonomics?  disebut juga sociotechnical  the study of the society/technology interface. The study of the consequences of technology for social relationships, processes, and institutions. (Computers and Society Glossary)  the optimization of organizational and work systems design through consideration of relevant personnel, technological and environmental variables and their interactions. (H.W. Hendrick)

Pekerjaan  Properties  Content  Control  Demands  Interrelationships  Biasanya task dirubah untuk meningkatkan keamanan dan/atau produksi

Teknologi (Tools)  Properties  Functions  Capabilities  Capacities  Usability  Friendliness  Integration  Banyak perusahaan memperkenalkan teknologi baru

Organisasi  Properties  Purposes  Policies  Procedures  Supervision  Decision making structure  Reward Structure  Perubahan dapat memiliki efek riak (ripple effect)

Lingkungan  Properties  Physical  Comfort  Sensory and Performance disruption  Social  Interaction with coworkers/boss  Social support  Extra-organization factors  Faktor internal dan eksternal berpengaruh

Manusia  Properties  Background  Attributes  Experience  Needs  Skills  Motivations  Intelligence  Elemen tersulit untuk dirubah

Empat Faktor Manusia  Physiological factors  Vision  Height  Weight  Forward arm reach  Strength  Disabilities  Psychological factors  Attention  Memory  Fear  Boredom  Fatigue  Satisfaction  Stress Manusia

 Psychosocial factors  Workload  Work content  Repetition  Boredom  Role ambiguity  Role conflict  Mental demands  Supervisor-employee relationship  Social support at work and home/community  Shift work  Reward structure - pay, benefits, equity  Status Manusia Empat Faktor Manusia

 Behavioral factors  Reaction time  Response accuracy  Appropriateness of response  Adaptation  Endurance Manusia Empat Faktor Manusia

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Physiological Needs Safety Needs Social Needs Esteem Needs Self Actualization

Space-Time Matrix C S C W

Space-Time Matrix C S C W

A shared workspace system C S C W

NetMeeting C S C W

Chat C S C W

Shared whiteboard C S C W

A video communication system C S C W

DVC in education C S C W

Collaborative Virtual Environments C S C W

Collaborative Virtual Environments C S C W

The End