Chapter 2 ADVANCED MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING

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Transcript presentasi:

Chapter 2 ADVANCED MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING Short – Term Budgeting, Resource Allocations, And Capacity Cost

Penetapan Filosofi Dan Misi Penetapan Tujuan Dan Strategi Penyusunan Program Penyusunan Anggaran Exh. Total Business Planning

Long-Term Objectives and Long-Range Plan Strategic Goal Long-Term Objectives and Long-Range Plan Shot-Term Objectives Operation Budget Capital Budget Sales Budget Selling and Administrative Expense Budget Production Budget DM Budget DL Budget FO Budget Budget: Cash, Income Statement, Balance Sheet Financial Budget Exh. The Master Budget

Hal-hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam anggaran : Opportunity cost Capacity Cost The theory of contraints

BUDGETING OPERATION Production and Resource Use Casf Flows

Chapter 3 ADVANCED MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING Assigning Resource Costs to Production Cost Center

Exh. Traditional Two Stage Cost System ; SDC P Centers $ $ $ Service Dept. Exp. Assignments Production Cost Center Production Center Exp. MH DLH Direct. Material Products Direct Labor Exh. Traditional Two Stage Cost System ; SDC P Centers

UNIT OF SERVICE PROVIDED TO Example: Fall River Company The activity of the two service departemens (Power and Water) were as follows:   UNIT OF SERVICE PROVIDED TO POWER WATER DIV.1 DIV.2 TOTAL Unit of service provided from POWER 20,000 30,000 80,000 70,000 200,000 WATER 70,000 10,000 30,000 50,000 160,000 The traceable cost are $ 3,000,000 in the Power Department and $ 1,600,000 in the Water Department.

Fall River Company-Service Department Cost Assignment : Reciprocal Cost Method POWER WATER DIV. 1 DIV. 2 Initial Cost $ 3,000,000 $ 1,600,000 Assigned by Power 451,400 667,100 $ 1,805,600 $ 1,580,000 Assigned by Water 1,062,700 151,800 455,400 759,000 Assigned out -4,514,100 -2,428,900 Net Cost Assigned $ 2,261,000 $ 2,339,000

Chapter 4 ADVANCED MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING Activity – Based Cost Systems

Exh. The Traditional Exh. The Activity Based Resource cost Resource cost Frist Stage Frist Stage Cost pools Departments Cost pools Activities Second Stage Second Stage Cost object Cost object

Activity Cost Driver Unit-level activities Batch-level activities Product-sustaining activities Customer-sustaining activities

Biaya Overhead dibebankan dengan menggunakan jam kerja langsung. Contoh Kasus PT.Cindel Abang memproduksi berbagai peralatan elektronik. Salah satu dari pabriknya memproduksi dua printer dot-matrix yaitu super dan biasa. Informasi aktivitas dan biaya pada bulan Oktober 2008, adalah sbb:   NO KETERANGAN SUPER BIASA 1 2 3 4 Kuantitas Harga jual/Unit B. Utama per unit Jam kerja langsung 200 Unit Rp. 475.000 Rp. 180.000 2.000 Jam 300 Unit Rp. 300.000 Rp. 110.000 1.500 Jam   Biaya Overhead dibebankan dengan menggunakan jam kerja langsung. Dengan menguji data yang ada, manager pemasaran terkesan dengan profitabilitas per unit untuk printer super dan menyarankan untuk lebih menekankan pada produksi dan penjualan produk ini. Manajer pabrik memperhatikan strategi dan mempunyai argumentasi bahwa biaya printer super biayanya ditentukan terlalu rendah.

kompetitif dibandingkan dengan Tradisional kepada PT.Cindel Abang? Dia berpendapat bahwa biaya overhead dapat dibebankan secara lebih akurat dengan menggunakan cost driver majemuk yang mencerminkan konsumsi produk terhadap overhead. Untuk meyakinkan manajemen puncak bahwa tarif majemuk dapat menghasilkan perbedaan dalam biaya produk,, dia memperoleh informasi berikut dari controller untuk output produksi sebelumnya:     NO Ativitas Overhead Cost Driver Pool Rate Konsumsi Aktivitas Super Biasa 01 02 03 04 Setup Mesin Teknis Pengepakan Jumlah setup Jam mesin Jam tehnis Rp.20.000.000 Rp.30.000.000 Rp.15.000.000 Rp. 5.000.000   10 2.500 55 200 15 3.500 95 300 Bagaimana Manajer dapat menyakinkan bahwa sistem ABC memberikan keunggulan kompetitif dibandingkan dengan Tradisional kepada PT.Cindel Abang?