Sistem Informasi Enterprise

Pertemuan 1 Dasar-dasar Sistem Informasi dalam Bisnis : Overview Perbedaan antara SI dan TI Perbedaan antara data, informasi dan knowledge Komponen dan proses dari SI Proses bisnis dalam enterprise

Pertemuan 2 Persaingan dengan Teknologi Informasi 5 kekuatan dalam persaingan 5 strategi dalam persaingan Beberapa strategi dan karakteristik dari virtual company

IT dapat merubah persaingan dalam dunia bisnis Peran jaringan SI dalam perusahaan : 1. memungkinkan perusahaan untuk berkoordinasi dengan perusahaan dengan jarak yang jauh 2. Transaksi pesanan pembelian, dan pembayaran dapat dilakukan secara elektronik sehingga mengurangi ongkos produksi dan jasa dari luar perusahaan 3. terbentuknya efisiensi dan hubungan baru antara organisasi, pelanggan, suplier, dan menata ulang batasan organisasi.

Contoh perusahaan digital Amazon.com Wal-mart

Perusahaan TOP 1000 di Dunia NoNama PerusahaanMarket Value (Billion of US Dollars) 1.Microsoft$ General Electric$ IBM Exxon Royal Dutch / Shell Group Wal-Mart Stores AT&T Intel Cisco Systems BP Amoco173.87

PeringkatNama PerusahaanMarket Value (Billion of US Dollars) 20.America Online Dell Computer Nokia Daimlerchrysler Sun Microsystems General Motors Compaq Boeing Oracle Yahoo! Ebay Amazon.com Priceline.com Lycos3.34

Top 200 Emerging-Market Companies di Indonesia PeringkatNama PerusahaanMarket Value (US $ Millions) 63Telekomunikasi Indonesia Gudang Garam Indah Kiat Pulp & Paper Indonesian Satellite (Indosat) Indofood Sukses Makmur1871

Sistem informasi strategi adalah –Merupakan bagian dari sistem informasi –Menggunakan IT untuk membantu kinerja dari suatu organisasi Meraih keuntungan dalam persaingan Mengurangi kerugian dalam persaingan Menemukan strategi enterprise lain yang objektif

5 Kekuatan dalam Persaingan Threat of New Entrants Rivalry Among Existing Competitors Bargaining Power of Customers Bargaining Power of Suppliers Threat of Substitutes

5 Strategi dalam Persaingan Cost Leadership Differentiation Strategy Innovation Strategy Growth Strategy Alliance Strategy

1. Cost Leadership –Mengurangi biaya produksi –Membantu suppliers atau customers mengurangi biaya –Meningkatkan biaya bagi para pesaing –Example, Priceline uses online seller bidding so buyer sets the price 2. Differentiation Strategy –Deveslop ways to differentiate a firm’s products from its competitors –Can focus on particular segment or niche of market –Example, Moen uses online customer design

5 Strategi dalam Persaingan 3. Innovation Strategy –Find new ways of doing business Unique products or services Or unique markets Radical changes to business processes to alter the fundamental structure of an industry –Example, Amazon uses online full-service customer systems 4. Growth Strategy –Expand company’s capacity to produce –Expand into global markets –Diversify into new products or services –Example, Wal-Mart uses merchandise ordering by global satellite tracking

ABCDE –Assesment = as is, situation –Baseline = gaps, PPF –Component = misi & visi –Down to specific = performance measure –Evaluate = review progress, actions

5 Strategi dalam Persaingan 5. Alliance Strategy –Establish linkages and alliances with Customers, suppliers, competitors, consultants and other companies –Includes mergers, acquisitions, joint ventures, virtual companies –Example, Wal-Mart uses automatic inventory replenishment by supplier

Strategi yang lain Lock in customers and suppliers –And lock out competitors –Deter them from switching to competitors –Build in switching costs –Make customers and suppliers dependent on the use of innovative IS Barriers to entry –Discourage or delay other companies from entering market –Increase the technology or investment needed to enter

Strategi Lain (lanjutan…) Include IT components in products –Makes substituting competing products more difficult Leverage investment in IT –Develop new products or services not possible without IT

Apa itu Virtual Company? A virtual company uses IT to link –People, –Organizations, –Assets, –& Ideas Creates inter-enterprise information systems –to link customers, suppliers, and competitors

Karakteristik Virtual Company Use of internet & IT provide computing & communications resources IT enables management of a network of people, knowledge, financial & physical resources Takes advantage of rapidly changing markets