ANALISIS INSTRUMEN PENELITIAN 1.UJI VALIDITAS 2.UJI RELIABILITAS

VALIDITAS Validitas (validity, kesahihan) berkaitan dengan permasalahan “apakah instrumen yang dimaksud untuk mengukur sesuatu itu memang dapat mengukur secara tepat sesuatu yang akan diukur tersebut”. Secara singkat dapat dikatakan bahwa validitas alat penelitian mempersoalkan apakah alat itu dapat mengukur apa yang akan diukur.

Validity Types Criterion (Concurrent or Predictive) Validity focuses on how well the instrument compares with external variables considered to be direct measures of the characteristic or behavior being examined. Intelligence test scores used to predict future performance are an example of criterion validity. (expert judgement) Content Validity is concerned with how well the content of the instrument samples the kinds of things about which conclusions are to be drawn. For example, a test of school readiness can be examined to see whether the content relates to knowledge and skills expected of first grade children following the kindergarten program (based on literature) (expert judgement) Construct Vailidity involves the extent to which certain explanatory concepts or qualities account for performance. For example, a personality test can be studied to see how well theoretical implications of the typologies account for the actual results obtained. (EFA or CFA) Face Validity is often used to indicate whether the instrument, on the face of it, appears to measure what it claims to measure. Here the key question is whether the persons making use of the instrument accept it as a valid measure in the everyday sense of the word? (expert judgement)

Validity in term of research finding 1.Internal validity is related to what actually happens in a study. In terms of an experiment it refers to whether the independent variable really has had an effect on the dependent variable or whether the dependent variable was caused by some other confounding variable. 2.External validity refers to whether the findings of a study really can be generalised beyond the present study. External validity can be broken down into two types. –Population validity - which refers to the extent to which the findings can be generalised to other populations of people. –Ecological validity - which refers to the extent to which the findings can be generalised beyond the present situation.

EXPLORATORY DAN CONFIRMATORY ANALYSIS EXPLORATORY : Menguji indikator untuk mendapatkan proxi variabel yang benar. Secara teori indikator variabel belum jelas atau belum ada. Uji dengan SPSS. Item yang akan dimasukkan dalam analisis akhir adalah item yang memiliki factor loading lebih dari 0,40 (Chia, 1995). CONFIRMATORY : Menguji kecocokan indikator variabel. Secara teori indikator variabel sudah jelas dan tegas. Uji dengan Lisrel / Amos.

EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS

CONFIRMATORY ANALYSIS

δ λ

RELIABILITAS Reliabilitas (reliability, keterpercayaan) menunjuk pada pengertian apakah sebuah instrumen dapat mengukur sesuatu yang diukur secara konsisten dari waktu ke waktu. Jadi, kata kunci untuk syarat kualifikasi suatu instrumen pengukur adalah konsistensi, keajegan, atau tidak berubah-ubah.

RELIABILITAS 1. Stabilitas (Test retest) Satu tes diujikan dua kali, kemudian dikorelasikan hasil tes I dan ke II. 2.Konsistensi internal * Split half (odd even; beginning ending) * Alpha CronbachAlpha Cronbach 3. Equivalensi Dua atau lebih tes diujikan sekali, kemudian dikorelasikan antar semua paket tes

Interpretation Guideline George, D., & Mallery, P. (2003). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference update (4th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

Table Usage Koefisien korelasi hasil penghitungan yang diperoleh kemudian dikonsultasikan pada tabel-tabel nilai-nilai kritis r. rh ≥ rt = reliable (α = 5 %/1%) rh < rt = reliable (α = 5 %/1%)

TEKNIK BELAH DUA (SPLIT HALF METHOD)