HAZARD,RISK AND RISK MANAGENMENT

HAZARD A hazard is anything that has the potential to cause injury or illness (to employees, patients, contractors, visitors or the neighbouring public) or damage to plant or property. A hazard can be related to a physical state or a work practice or procedure. It can also be in existence or be introduced when implementing planned changes to existing arrangements. a potential to cause loss”

Dangerous Goods : Substances which are classified on the basis of their immediate physical or chemical effects. Hazardous Substance : Any substance that is likely to cause a health risk to staff, patients or visitors (regardless of whether it is a dangerous good or not).

ERM, Risk Management Handbook for Health Care Organization DEFINISI RISIKO RISIKO ADALAH : “ POTENSI TERJADINYA KERUGIAN YANG DAPAT TIMBUL DARI PROSES KEGIATAN SAAT SEKARANG ATAU KEJADIAN DIMASA DATANG.” ERM, Risk Management Handbook for Health Care Organization

RISIKO ADALAH : “ PERISTIWA ATAU KEADAAN YANG MUNGKIN TERJADI YANG DAPAT BERPENGARUH NEGATIF TERHADAP PERUSAHAAN.” (ERM) PENGARUHNYA DAPAT BERDAMPAK TERHADAP KONDISI : - SUMBER DAYA (human and capital) - PRODUK DAN JASA , ATAU - PELANGGAN, - DAPAT JUGA BERDAMPAK EKSTERNAL TERHADAP MASYARAKAT,PASAR ATAU LINGKUNGAN.

Risk: The chance of something happening that will have an impact upon objectives. It is measured in terms of consequences and likelihood

RISIKO ADALAH : Risk = Probability (of the Event) Consequence “SUATU FUNGSI DARI PROBABILITAS (CHANCE,LIKELIHOOD) DARI SUATU KEJADIAN YANG TIDAK DIINGINKAN,DAN TINGKAT KEPARAHAN ATAU BESARNYA DAMPAK DARI KEJADIAN TERSEBUT.” Risk = Probability (of the Event) Consequence

Impact vs. Probability RISK MAPPING High I M P A C T Low PROBABILITY Medium Risk High Risk I M P A C T Share Mitigate & Control Low Risk Medium Risk Accept Control Low PROBABILITY High

Risiko di Rumah Sakit RISIKO NONKLINIS/ Corporate Risk : RISIKO KLINIS : SEMUA ISU YANG DAPAT BERDAMPAK TERHADAP PENCAPAIAN PELAYANAN PASIEN YANG BERMUTU TINGGI,AMAN DAN EFEKTIF. RISIKO NONKLINIS/ Corporate Risk : SEMUA ISSU YANG DAPAT BERDAMPAK TERHADAP TERCAPAINYA TUGAS POKOK DAN KEWAJIBAN HUKUM DARI RUMAH SAKIT SEBAGAI KORPORASI.

KATEGORI RISIKO DI RUMAH SAKIT : ( Categories of Risk ) Patient care-related risks Medical staff-related risks Employee-related risks Property-related risks Financial risks Other risks

Risiko yang berhubungan dengan perawatan pasien (Patient care related risks) Direct association with patient care Consequences of inappropriate or incorrectly performed medical treatments Confidentiality and appropriate release of information Protection from abuse, neglect and assault Was patient informed of risks? Nondiscriminatory treatment Protection of patient valuables from loss or damage Appropriate triage and transfer of patients from ER Patient participation in research studies and use of experimental drugs - was consent obtained? Was patient discharged appropriately?

Risiko yang berhubungan dengan tenaga medis (Medical staff - related risks) Credential terhadap staf medis ? Tindakan medis sesuai kompetensi dan prosedur baku ? - Was patient properly managed ? - Do we have adequately trained staff ?

Risiko yang berhubungan dengan karyawan (Employee related risks) Risiko keselamatan dan kecelakaan kerja - Maintaining a safe environment - Employee Health Policy : . reducing risk of occupational illness and injury . providing for the treatment and compensation of workers for work-related illnesses or injuries

Risiko yang berhubungan dengan property (Property related risks) Protect assets from losses due to fires, floods, etc Paper and/or electronic records - patient, business and financial - protected from damage or destruction Procedures for handling cash and safeguarding valuables Bonding and insurance to protect facility from losses

Risiko keuangan (Financial risks) Bad Debt Meningkatnya suku bunga Global Financial ” tsunami”

- Hazardous material management : Risiko lain (Other risks) - Hazardous material management : chemical, radioactive, infectious biological waste management Legal & regulatory risks Reputational Risk

Patient Risks Other Medical Staff Risks Risks Hospital Risk Management Scope of Hospital Risk Management : Patient Risks Clinical Risk Mgt Patient Safety Other Risks Medical Staff Risks Hospital Risk Management Financial Risks Employee Risks Property Risks Roberta Caroll, editor : Risk Management Handbook for Health Care Organizations, 4th edition, Jossey Bass, 2004

risk management approach involves: communicate and consult: Who will need to know about and be involved at each stage of the risk management process? establish the context: How will you assess and analyse the risk?  What are the criteria you will use to judge the likelihood and consequences of risk? identify risks: What could stop you achieving your objectives and outcomes? analyse risks:  Are our existing risk controls working and what are the potential consequences of risks happening evaluate risks: What is the balance between potential benefits and adverse outcomes of managing these risks?  treat risks: How can we develop and implement specific cost-effective strategies to increase benefits and reduce potential costs? monitor and review: Are we achieving the right outcomes and how do we know?

PROSES MANAJEMEN RISIKO TEGAKKAN KONTEKS IDENTIFIKASI RISIKO KOMUNIKASI DAN KONSULTASI ANALISA RISIKO MONITOR DAN REVIEW ASESMEN RISIKO EVALUASI RISIKO KELOLA RISIKO RISK REGISTER 19