4 KOMPETENSI PENERJEMAHAN

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4 KOMPETENSI PENERJEMAHAN

Peran Penting Penerjemah E. David Seals, Presiden AMC Entertainment International: We, the people doing international business, are the ones bringing the world together, not the diplomats Genser, penerjemah profesional: But most can’t do it without translators and interpreters because we are the facilitators who allow them to communicate with each other.

Peran Penting Penerjemah Teknologi Kedokteran Pengadilan

Tukang Sepatu Cepat Murah Resiko Tinggi Lama Mahal Resiko Rendah Dokter Ahli Bedah

Penerjemah Pemula Cepat Murah Resiko Tinggi Lama Mahal Resiko Rendah Penerjemah Ahli

Bilingual Bilingual: involving or using two languages (bilingual education), someone who is bilingual can speak two languages extremely fluently, usually because they learn both languages as a child.

Kompetensi Bilingual Kompetensi gramatikal: pengetahuan kaidah bahasa yang meliputi kosa kata, pembentukan kata, pelafalan dan struktur kalimat. Pengetahuan dan ketrampilan yang seperti ini sangat dibutuhkan dalam memahami dan menghasilkan tuturan. Kompetensi sosiolinguistik: pengetahuan dan kemampuan untuk menghasilkan dan memahami tuturan yang sesuai dengan konteks (misalnya, siapa berbicara tentang apa, dimana, kapan). Kompetensi wacana: kemampuan untuk menggabungkan bentuk dan makna untuk menghasilkan teks lisan dan tulis yang padu. Kompetensi strategik: penguasaan terhadap strategi berkomunikasi (Bell, 1991: 41)

Kompetensi Penerjemahan Pengertian: Roger T. Bell: Pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang harus dimiliki oleh penerjemah agar dia dapat menerjemahkan (1991) Hurtado Albir: Pengetahuan tentang cara menerjemahkan (1996) Schaffner & Adab: Pengetahuan deklaratif (pengetahuan tentang penerjemahan) dan pengetahuan prosedural (tahu cara menerjemahkan) (2000)

Subkompetensi Penerjemahan Subkompetensi Kebahasaan Subkompetensi Budaya Subkompetensi Wacana Subkompetensi Bidang Ilmu Subkompetensi Strategik Subkompetensi Transfer

TRANSLATION COMPETENCE (PACTE, 2003) Bilingual Sub-competence Extra linguistic Sub-competence STRATEGIC COMPETENCE Knowledge about Translation Sub-competence Instrumental Sub-competence Psycho-physiological Component

(Neubert, 2000: 10): “Whatever they may boast about their knowledge, their amazing individual competences, their language skills and their multifarious erudition or their in-depth specialists expertise, even their profound understanding of two or more cultures, all these competences are feathers in the translators' cap. But if this excellent equipment is not matched by the unique transfer competence to produce an adequate replica of an original they have failed. It is not enough to know about translating, it has to be done”

Pembuatan keputusan dalam proses penerjemahan tidak dapat dilakukan oleh setiap orang. Dengan kata lain, tidak semua orang dapat menerjemahkan dan orang yang menerjemahkan tidak secara otomatis dapat disebut sebagai penerjemah (Rothe-Neves, 2007). Bahkan seorang bilingual pun tidak dapat dikategorikan sebagai penerjemah. Pakar psikolinguistik, yang juga tertarik untuk mengkaji mekanisme kognitif dasar yang melandasi penerjemahan, misalnya, cenderung memandang bilingual sebagai pengguna bahasa daripada penerjemah (Presas, 2000: 22).