Air Quality Monitoring 14 Cities In Indonesia -Bali Tobacco Control Initiative- 2015

Partners CTCS (Aceh) Pusaka (Medan) TCSC (Jakarta) NoTC (Bogor) LPA Bandung MTCC (Yogyakarta) Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret (Solo) Universitas Airlangga (Surabaya) Universitas Negeri Jember (Jember) BTCI (Bali) Universitas Mataram (Lombok) Universitas Hassanudin (Makassar) TCSC – Universitas Muhammadiyah (Pontianak)

AQM Backgrounds National Health Research Data : There are increasing prevalence of smoker aged ≥ 15 th from 34,2% (2007), 34,7% (2010) to 36,3% (2013). > 97 million Indonesian people are second hand smokers. Many people are spending most of their time at indoor areas. Air pollution at indoor places is often not recognised and cannot be avoided.

AQM Backgrounds (continue) One of the efforts to control the air quality is by implementing Smoke Free Law (SFL). The concept of SFL implementation is to protect and guarantee a healthy air without tobacco smoke, through ban the indoor smoking activity. It is important to monitor the SFL compliance through monitoring the air quality at public places as smoke free area. The air quality is identified by measuring the concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and observation using observation form.

Aims To measure particulate matter (PM2.5) in public places that are ruled as smoke-free area. To compare the measurement results of particulate matter (PM2.5) in publics by the compliance of local smoke-free legislation. To prove that the smoking activity affect the indoor air quality. To describe the effectiveness of Smoke Free Law to increase the indoor air quality.

Benefits Will be beneficial for advocacy to initiate the establishment of SFL. For advocacy to revise SFL. To evaluate the implementation of SFL. To inform and promote the harmful effect of smoking to indoor air quality to the wider community.

Methods Design Cross sectional descriptive Sample Public places as smoke-free area located in Denpasar, Jakarta, Kota Bogor, Kab. Bogor, Bandung, Surabaya, Jogjakarta, Mataram, Medan, Pontianak, Jember, Solo dan Makasar. Total sample : 1,440 smoke-free areas

Methods (lanjutan) Instrument Observation Dylos air quality monitor PM2.5 Monitoring checklist

Data Collection Procedure Dylos

RESULT

Odd : Peluang terjadinya kualitas udara diatas standar pada kawasan dengan adanya bukti orang merokok sebanyak 2,1x dibandingkan yang tidak ada bukti atau dengan kata lain salah satu penyebab dari buruknya kualitas udara dalam gedung adalah adanya bukti orang merokok Sedangkan, jika kita bisa menjadikan semua ruangan bebas dari aktifitas merokok, maka 50,6% ruangan dengan kualitas udara diatas standar WHO dapat dicegah. Odds Ratio : 2,1 with 95% CI : 1,7 – 2,7 | AR% : 52,6% with 95% CI : 40,4% - 62,4%

Pada complete ban pelanggaran orang merokok tidak semasif pada jenis yang lain

Indoor PM2.5 Level at Allow Smoking Venue Roxy Mall : Standing entry 2 | Standing Depature 3 Location : Club / Entertainment

Indoor PM2.5 Level at Complete Ban with Evidence of Smoking Roxy Mall : Standing entry 2 | Standing Depature 3 Location : Modern Market (Mall)

Indoor PM2.5 Level at Separation Within Venue Roxy Mall : Standing entry 2 | Standing Depature 3 Location : Restaurant

Indoor PM2.5 Level at High PM2.5 Level Outdside Area Roxy Mall : Standing entry 2 | Standing Depature 3 Location : Hotel

The Indoor PM2.5 Level with Smoking Activity at The Entrance Gate Roxy Mall : Standing entry 2 | Standing Depature 3 Location : Modern Market

Jakarta

Location : Pub / Entertainment

Kota Bogor

Location : Sport Center

Medan

Location : Restaurant

Solo

Location : Restaurant

Location : University

Conclusions & Recommendations

Conclusion & Reccomendation Most of the area is still not comply to Smoke Free Law. Most of the area has poor air quality (above the WHO standard) It is proven that smoking activity will worsen indoor air quality, it can even reach 20 times above the WHO threshold. Complete ban of indoor smoking will assure the provision of clean and healthy air, hence, all type of indoor smoking activities should be prohibited. Smoke Free Law should be developed and optimally enforced as one legal aim to grab policy makers and community attention.