SISTEM PANGAN DAN GIZI

SDM Sistem pangan dan gizi 2 1 Lingkungan : Fisik Budaya Perilaku Subsistem Produksi Lingkungan : Fisik Budaya Ekonomi (dayabeli) Perilaku Distribusi Subsistem Ketersediaan 2 1 Subsistem Konsumsi Status gizi masyarakat SDM 3 4 KETAHANAN PANGAN Fasilitas yankes Genetik

Lahan luas & kesuburan Kebutuhan permintaan Subsistem produksi Harga Penerapan teknologi

Sub Sistem ketersediaan pangan Lapangan Kerja di luar pertanian produksi Daya beli Impor/ masuk Ketersediaan Tk. wilayah Ketersediaan Di Rmt Distrib. Makanan Dlm rmt Ekspor/ keluar Status Gizi

Subsistem konsumsi Lingkungan Fisik & Bud. Kesehatan individu Daya beli Ketersediaan Pangan dlm rmt Konsumsi individu Status gizi Klp. rawan Distrib. Dlm rmt

KEP S 9,8 D Gizi M Brk 0,7 KRISIS MULTI DIMENSI PERSEDIAAN PANGAN TAK CUKUP MAKAN TAK SEIMBANG KEP 9,8 Gizi Brk 0,7 S D M KEMISKINAN 19,15 % POLA ASUH DIARE :2,87 % KURANG PENDIDKAN PENGETAHUAN KETRAMPILAN AIR BERSIH SANITASI & YAN. KES DAS POKOK MASALAH

Konsep HL Blom STATUS KESEHATAN Lingkungan Kesehatan Keturunan (Kependudukan,Jumlah, Distribusi, Angka pertumbuhan, Genetik) Sistem Sosio Budaya Sudaya alam Pelayanan Kesehatan (Preventive, Curative, Rehabilitative, Promotive) STATUS KESEHATAN Lingkungan Kesehatan (Sosio-Budaya, Pendidikan, Pekerjaan, Politik) Kesehatan Mental (Emosional, intelektual, adaptasi Keseimbangan lingkungan Perilaku Masyarakat

STATUS KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT STATUS GIZI MASYARAKAT Keturunan (Kependudukan,Jumlah penduduk, Distribusi penduduk, Angka pertumbuhan, Struktur piramida, Genetik) SDM BERKUALITAS STATUS GIZI MASYARAKAT

PERSPEKTIF PEMBANGUNAN DAN EKOLOGI Terminologi : “ Hubungan Ekologi, Pangan dan Gizi” Kasus 1 : Masalah Gizi pada keluarga Nelayan Pengambilan ikan dengan bahan peledak  akibat karang rusak, plankton mati, ikan berkurang. Ikan kurang  Produktivitas rendah  Pendapatan Rendah  Ketersedian Makanan rendah  Juml anak banyak  Asupan gizi kurang Masalah Gizi Kurang meningkat

Environment ? (Lingkungan) “ Circumtances, object or condition by which in surrounded” The complex of physical, chemical and biotic factors that act upon organism or an ecologogical community that ultimately determinant its form and survival

Enviromental Management The process of organizing and allocating resources (renewable and unrenewable) with the goal of monitoring and enhancing existing long term / run productivity of natural system Sustainability Natural Resources Productivity Equity Source : World Bank

As the result ? Human being very well, if we can optimalize to the use of natural resources Food & Nutrition Planning Environmental Management

PEMASARAN, GIZI, PEMERINTAHAN MIKRO, SOSIOLOG, ANTROPOLOG Kegagalan produksi SANGAT DINI PEMASARAN, GIZI, PEMERINTAHAN AHLI : EKONOMI MIKRO, AHLI BUDIDAYA PANGAN AGRONOMIS, Hulu Sungai Persediaan pangan di masy. berkurang DINI AHLI GIZI, KESMAS, EKONOMI MIKRO KOMUNIKASI Krisis Ekonomi TERLAM BAT Persediaan Makanan tingkat RT berkurang AHLI EKONOMI MAKRO Pendapatan berkurang Asupan Gizi berkurang AHLI EKONOMI MAKRO & MIKRO, SOSIOLOG, ANTROPOLOG Daya beli berkurang Hilir AHLI GIZI & KES KLINIK SOSIOLOG, ANTROPOLOG, AHLI EKONOMI MIKRO PREVENTIF KURANG GIZI KURATIF

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY AND NATIONAL/REGIONAL FOOD SECURTY (DKP, 2002) Food Trading: Between region Between countries Regional Food Production Food Stocks: FOOD AID Community Food Stock Availability in the Market Other income sources (off-farm & non-farm) Household Food Security Household Food Stock HH Food Production (on-farm) HH Income Food vulnerability With or without hunger and under-nutrition

II. DETERMINANT OF HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY PRICES (FOOD) Employment, Wages Remittances, Rural/Urban Transfers Income and Resources of Households Household expendi- ture on non foods Household Expen- diture on Food Household Time Food Consumption (HH and Individual Nutritional Status (Individual

Fiscal, agriculture, etc) (on & of farm activities) Policies & Program II. POLICY AND PROGRAM PRICES (FOOD) Macroeconomic Policy (Trade, exchange rate, Fiscal, agriculture, etc) Employment, Wages Employment Programs Remittances, Rural/Urban Transfers Income and Resources of Households Income Generation (on & of farm activities) Food Related Transfer (Food Stamp, etc Household expendi- ture on non foods Household Expen- diture on Food Household Time Food Consumption (HH and Individual Supplementary Feeding Nutritional Status (Individual Health and Sanitation Services Source:Von Braun, et al (93)

KEPENDUDUKAN & STATUS GIZI Jumlah penduduk besar merupakan asset nasional sangat berharga Pertumbuhan penduduk tinggi  akan mempengaruhi jumlah, struktur piramida penduduk, jenis penyakit dan pelayannnya Pada bagian lain perlu penyiapan berbagai fasilitas & sarana untuk tumbuh kembang, pendidikan, lapangan kerja, kebutuhan pangan + gizi tinggi Distribusi pangan yang tidak merata  gangguan jumlah + kualitas asupan gizi Perubahan asupan zat gizi  manifestasi klinis & sub klinis

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