GROUP 10

QUANTIFIERS

A LOT OF – SOME OF A. Untuk menunjukkan sesuatu yang bersifat umum (general), beberapa quantifiers selalu diikuti “of” jika diikuti oleh bentuk jamak (prular form) benda yang bisa dihitung (countable noun) A bit of a lot of lots of A number of the matority plenty of Example : A lot of people don’t eat meat. (people in general) There has been a lot of changes to our plans Untuk menunjukkan sesuatu yang spesifik, kita menambahkan “the” atau possessive adjective sesudah “of”. A lot of the people I know don’t eat meat. (spesific) Beberapa quantifiers seperti “some”,”any,”many”,dan “much” tidak diikuti “of” jika kita menunjukkan sesuatu yang bersifat umum (general). Some people don’t eat meat and fish. (people in general) Untuk menunjukkan sesuatu yang spesifik, kita menambahkan the + possessive adjective sesudah “some, many,any” Some of my friends are not coming today Some of the books are very expensive Many of them are from the United States

“More” sesudah quantifiers: some more, a few more, lots more B. Quantifiers tanpa menggunakan “of”. Jika suatu quantifier berdiri sensendiri, tidak boleh diikuti “of”. Did you buy any apples at the supermarket> Yes, I bought a lot/Yes, I bought some/Yes, I bought plenty. Did you take some pictures when you were in Italy? Sure. I took a lot/Sure, I took some/Yes, I took lots. “More” sesudah quantifiers: some more, a few more, lots more Untuk menekankan jumlah, “more” dan “less” bisa digunakan sesudah quantifiers dan diikuti bentuk jamak beda yang bisa dihitung, more + plural countable noun Some more - a couple - a few more A lot more - lots more - many more Much more - several more - hardly any more Example : There will be a lot more students registering this month. There are many more students studying English this year

Jika diikuti benda yang tidak bisa dihitung, more + uncountable noun Some more - any more - a bit more A good deal more - a little more - a lot more A lots more - no more - plenty more Example : I still need some more money. You have had enough food and you can’t have any more. I have got much more experience than you think. Do you want some more? Yes, a lot more, please

MUCH - MANY - A LOT OF - (A) FEW - (A) LITTLE - FEWER - LESS "Much" dan "Many" artinya banyak. "Much" diikuti oleh benda yang tidak bisa dihitung (uncountable noun) dan lebih mengacu pada banyaknya benda. "Many" diikuti bentuk jamak (plural) benda yang bisa dihitung (countable noun) dan mengacu pada jumlah. Untuk lebih memudahkan penggunaan "Much" dan "Many" perhatikan ketentuan berikut ini.

Much a. "Much+uncountable noun" selalu singular. I can't stay longer because I haven't got much time. Do you have much money in this bag?   b. Untuk menunjukkan suatu pernyataan tidak resmi. Much money is spent on weapons. c. Dengan "as......as" They may take as mush as they like. d. "Not much" bisa digunakan untuk memulai suatu kalimat. Not much happens in this city after ten years.

Many a. "Many+plural countable noun" There are not so many books in this room. Do you get many inquires today?   b. Untuk menunjukkan suatu pernyataan tidak resmi. Many employees have to quitted their job this year. Many people will attend the celebration. c. Dengan "as......as" You may take as many as you need. d. "Not many" bisa digunakan untuk memulai kalimat. Not many will attend the celebration

a lot of - a great deal of - a large number of - plenty of Dalam bahasa inggris sekarang ini "much" digunakan dalam kalimat menyangkal dan kakimat tanya. Dalam kalimat positif, sebagai ganti "much" digunakan ungkapan-ungkapan berikut. a lot of - a great deal of - a large number of - plenty of

Example: - His father has a lot of money in a bank. - Our government spends a great deal of money on books. - He needs a great deal of sugar to make this cake. - Don't worry! We still have plenty of food to eat. - We import a large number of coffee from Brazil. - We need a great deal food for our people. - Plenty of rice will be imported next year.

A LOT OF/LOTS OF A lot of(formal) atau lots of + uncountable noun. A lot of(formal) atau lots of + plural countable noun. - I can stay longer because I have got a lot/lots of time. - There are lot of/lots of imported books in the library.

A FEW, FEW, A LITTLE, dan LITTLE a. A few/few + plural countable nouns. A few sugar Few friends A few houses Few houses   b. A little/little + uncountable nouns. A little sugar Little sugar A little money Little money c. A few/A little bisa diikuti "Only" Only a few students Only a little time Only a few books Only a little sugar

a. Fewer + plural countable noun. "Fewer" adalah comparative degree dari "few", sedangkan "less" adalah comparative degree dari "little“ a. Fewer + plural countable noun. - Fewer students will join the picnic next week. - Fewer participants will attend the celebration.   b. Less + uncountable noun. - Less oil has been exported to Japan this month. - Less sugar will be imported next year.

LARGE NUMBER OF - A LARGE AMOUNT OF "A large (small) number of" dan "A large amount of" mempunyai arti yang sama, yaitu sama banyak. "A large(small) number of" digunakan di depan bentuk jamak(plural form) benda yang bisa dihitung. - "A large(small) amount of" digunakan di depan benda yang tidak bisa dihitung.

Thank You

Exercise Supply of the following sentences where necessary and mark each sentences G (general) or S (specific). There have been a lot ……………….. changes in this city. Some ……………….. the customers have complained about our service There were plenty ……………….. complains about our new producs. _ Would you lie a bit ……………….. Butter on this toast? _ You only need to use a small amount ……………….. Sugar to make this cake. _ Most ……………….. the accidents in this city are caused by drivers’ carelessness